Nitric oxide contributes to learning and memory deficits observed in hypothyroid rats during neonatal and juvenile growth

Ischemic stroke results in brain damage and behavioral deficits including memory impairment. Protective effects of green tea extract (GTex) and its major functional polyphenol (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on memory were examined in cerebral ischemic rats. GTex and EGCG were administered 1 hr before middle cerebral artery ligation in rats. GTex, EGCG, and pentoxifylline (PTX) significantly improved ishemic-induced memory impairment in a Morris water maze test. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were increased by long-term treatment with GTex and EGCG. Both compounds were also associated with reduced cerebral infraction breakdown of MDA and GSH in the hippocampus. Inin vitroexperiments, EGCG had anti-inflammatory effects in BV-2 microglia cells. EGCG inhibited lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced nitric oxide production and reduced cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in BV-2 cells. GTex and its active polyphenol EGCG improved learning and memory deficits in a cerebral ischemia animal model and such protection may be due to the reduction of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.

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Attenuation by a novel synthetic analogue of ACTH4-7 of the learning and memory deficits in juvenile rats treated with amphetamine in utero: role of nitric oxide

BMC Pharmacology ◽

10.1186/1471-2210-9-s2-a26 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 (Suppl 2) ◽

pp. A26

Author(s):

Valentina Bashkatova ◽

Sergey Sudakov ◽

Darya Rezvanova ◽

Helmut Prast ◽

Anatoly Vanin

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Learning And Memory ◽

Memory Deficits ◽

In Utero ◽

Synthetic Analogue ◽

Juvenile Rats ◽

Learning And Memory Deficits

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Chronic epigallocatechin-3-gallate ameliorates learning and memory deficits in diabetic rats via modulation of nitric oxide and oxidative stress

Behavioural Brain Research ◽

10.1016/j.bbr.2011.06.007 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 224 (2) ◽

pp. 305-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Tourandokht Baluchnejadmojarad ◽

Mehrdad Roghani

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Nitric Oxide ◽

Learning And Memory ◽

Memory Deficits ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Learning And Memory Deficits ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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Decreased nitric oxide levels in the hippocampus may play a role in learning and memory deficits in ovariectomized rats treated by a high dose of estradiol

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x2012001100010 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 70 (11) ◽

pp. 874-879 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Reihaneh Sadeghian ◽

Masoud Fereidoni ◽

Mohammad Soukhtanloo ◽

Hamid Azizi-Malekabadi ◽

Mahmoud Hosseini

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Learning And Memory ◽

Memory Deficits ◽

Ovariectomized Rats ◽

Estradiol Valerate ◽

High Dose ◽

Trial Test ◽

Learning And Memory Deficits ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Nitric Oxide Metabolites

The effects of a high estradiol dose on memory and on nitric oxide metabolites in hippocampal tissues were investigated. Sham-Est and OVX-Est Groups were treated with 4 mg/kg of estradiol valerate for 12 weeks. Time latency and path length were significantly higher in the Sham-Est and OVX-Est Groups than in the Sham and OVX Groups, respectively (p<0.001). The animals in the Sham-Est and OVX-Est Groups spent lower time in the target quadrant (Q1) than those of the Sham and OVX Groups during the probe trial test (p<0.05 and <0.001, respectively). Significantly lower nitric oxide metabolite levels in the hippocampi of the Sham-Est and OVX-Est Groups were observed than in the Sham and OVX ones (p<0.001). These results suggest that decreased nitric oxide levels in the hippocampus may play a role in the learning and memory deficits observed after treatment with a high dose of estradiol, although the precise underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated.

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