scholarly journals Two intrathecal transplants of bone marrow mononuclear cells produce motor improvement in an acute and severe model of spinal cord injury

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Lettnin Kaminski ◽  
Asdrubal Falavigna ◽  
Gianina Terribele Venturin ◽  
Daniel Marinowic ◽  
Pamela Brambilla Bagatini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Injury Site ◽  
Cord Injury

OBJECTIVE: We studied transplants of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) by lumbar puncture (LP) in a severe model of spinal cord injury (SCI) using clip compression. METHODS: BMMCs or saline solution were transplanted by LP 48 hours and 9 days post injury. Motor function was evaluated by BBB scale, histological analysis by Nissl technique and the verification of cell migration by PCR analysis. RESULTS: The BBB had significantly improved in rats treated with BMMCs by LP compared with controls (p<0.001). The histological analysis did not showed difference in the lesional area between the groups. The PCR analysis was able to found BMMCs in the injury site. CONCLUSIONS: two BMMC transplants by LP improved motor function in a severe model of SCI and BMMC was found in the injury site.

Effects of Multiple Injection of Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells on Spinal Cord Injury of Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (21) ◽  
pp. 3003-3011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Kanekiyo ◽  
Norihiko Nakano ◽  
Tamami Homma ◽  
Yoshihiro Yamada ◽  
Masahiro Tamachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Multiple Injection ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals NeuroRegen Scaffolds Combined with Autologous Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells for the Repair of Acute Complete Spinal Cord Injury: A 3-Year Clinical Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 096368972095063
Author(s):  
Wugui Chen ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Sizhen Yang ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Hao Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Autologous Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Autologous Bone

Spinal cord injury (SCI) remains among the most challenging pathologies worldwide and has limited therapeutic possibilities and a very bleak prognosis. Biomaterials and stem cell transplantation are promising treatments for functional recovery in SCI. Seven patients with acute complete SCI diagnosed by a combination of methods were included in the study, and different lengths (2.0–6.0 cm) of necrotic spinal cord tissue were surgically cleaned under intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring. Subsequently, NeuroRegen scaffolds loaded with autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) were implanted into the cleaned site. All patients participated in 6 months of rehabilitation and at least 3 years of clinical follow-up. No adverse symptoms associated with stem cell or functional scaffold implantation were observed during the 3-year follow-up period. Additionally, partial shallow sensory and autonomic nervous functional improvements were observed in some patients, but no motor function recovery was observed. Magnetic resonance imaging suggested that NeuroRegen scaffold implantation supported injured spinal cord continuity after treatment. These findings indicate that implantation of NeuroRegen scaffolds combined with stem cells may serve as a safe and promising clinical treatment for patients with acute complete SCI. However, determining the therapeutic effects and exact application methods still requires further study.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes reduce apoptosis and inflammatory response during spinal cord injury by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712110033
Author(s):  
Liying Fan ◽  
Jun Dong ◽  
Xijing He ◽  
Chun Zhang ◽  
Ting Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Apoptosis And Inflammation

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most common destructive injuries, which may lead to permanent neurological dysfunction. Currently, transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in experimental models of SCI shows promise as effective therapies. BMSCs secrete various factors that can regulate the microenvironment, which is called paracrine effect. Among these paracrine substances, exosomes are considered to be the most valuable therapeutic factors. Our study found that BMSCs-derived exosomes therapy attenuated cell apoptosis and inflammation response in the injured spinal cord tissues. In in vitro studies, BMSCs-derived exosomes significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced PC12 cell apoptosis, reduced the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL (interleukin)-1β and promoted the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors including IL-10 and IL-4. Moreover, we found that LPS-induced protein expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) was significantly downregulated after treatment with BMSCs-derived exosomes. In in vivo studies, we found that hindlimb motor function was significantly improved in SCI rats with systemic administration of BMSCs-derived exosomes. We also observed that the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins and pro-inflammatory factors was significantly decreased, while the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins and anti-inflammatory factors were upregulated in SCI rats after exosome treatment. In conclusion, BMSCs-derived exosomes can inhibit apoptosis and inflammation response induced by injury and promote motor function recovery by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway, which suggests that BMSCs-derived exosomes are expected to become a new therapeutic strategy for SCI.

scholarly journals Ultrasound stimulation improves inflammatory resolution, neuroprotection, and functional recovery after spinal cord injury

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-ri Hong ◽  
Eun-hee Lee ◽  
Ki-su Park ◽  
Mun Han ◽  
Kyoung-Tae Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Injury Site ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with limited functional recovery. Despite advances in neuroscience, realistic therapeutic treatments for SCI remain unavailable. In this study, the effects of non-invasive ultrasound (US) treatment on behavior and inflammatory responses were evaluated in a rat model of SCI. Adult female Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to spinal cord contusion injury. Two different US parameters (SCIU5: 5% and SCIU40: 40% duty cycle) were applied, and their effects on behavioral recovery after SCI were quantified. Tissue and neuronal responses were detected. Immunofluorescence was used to detect inflammatory markers. In the rat model of SCI, motor function was more effectively restored, and the lesion cavity area was smaller in the SCIU5 group. Furthermore, the SCIU5 protocol elicited an anti-inflammatory response at the injury site by reducing degenerative FJC-labeled neurons, macrophage/microglia activation, and infiltration. Thus, the lesion area decreased, and tissue density increased. Meanwhile, the SCIU40 protocol did not improve motor function or induce an anti-inflammatory response at the injury site. The SCIU5 protocol effectively accelerated the rate of improved exercise performance in the rat model while reducing inflammation. Accordingly, appropriate US stimulation may represent a promising treatment modality for SCI with beneficial anti-inflammatory effects.

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