scholarly journals Action/Verb processing: Debates in neuroimaging and the contribution of studies in patients with Parkinson's disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Salmazo da Silva ◽  
Juliana Machado ◽  
André Cravo ◽  
Maria Alice de Mattos Pimenta Parente ◽  
Maria Teresa Carthery-Goulart
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Embodied Cognition ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Psycholinguistic Variables ◽  
Verb Processing ◽  
Cognition Model ◽  
Action Verbs ◽  
Neuroimaging Techniques

ABSTRACT The objective of the current review was to verify whether studies investigating lexical-semantic difficulties in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) support the Embodied Cognition model. Under this framework, it is predicted that patients with PD will have more difficulties in the semantic processing of action concepts (action verbs) than of motionless objects. We also verified how and whether these studies are following current debates of Neuroscience, particularly the debate between the Lexical and the Embodied Cognition models. Recent neuroimaging studies on the neural basis of the semantics of verbs were presented, as well as others that focused on the neural processing of verbs in PD. We concluded that few studies suitably verified the Embodied Cognition theory in the context of PD, especially using neuroimaging techniques. These limitations show there is much to investigate on the semantic difficulties with action verbs in these patients, where it is particularly important to control for psycholinguistic variables and the inherent semantic characteristics of verbs in future studies.

Words in motion: Motor-language coupling in Parkinson’s disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adolfo García ◽  
Agustín Ibáñez
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Prodromal Stage ◽  
Action Verb ◽  
Neural Integration ◽  
Action Language ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
Verb Processing ◽  
Motor Actions ◽  
Action Verbs

AbstractA growing body of evidence indicates that neurodegenerative motor disorders involved high-order cognitive dysfunctions. Crucially, evidence obtained in multiple behavioral, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological studies points to selective impairments of action language -that is, processing of linguistic stimuli denoting motor actions, including idioms (e.g., cut a rug) and action verbs (e.g., clap). Action-verb deficits (with relative preservation of noun processing) have been repeatedly documented in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, research on relevant biomarkers is still scant, and clinical implications of these findings have not yet been formally discussed. Relevant insights may be obtained through the assessment of motor-language coupling (i.e., the behavioral and neural integration of action-verb processing and ongoing motor actions). We propose that motorlanguage coupling deficits, as indexed by a cortical-subcortical network, may constitute an early neurocognitive marker of PD. Specifically, deficits in this domain at the prodromal stage may be detected through the actionsentence compatibility (ACE) paradigm, which induces a contextual coupling of ongoing motor actions and action-verb processing. Our translational proposal is supported and illustrated by recent studies demonstrating the sensitivity of the ACE technique as well as its potential to assist in differential diagnosis and interventionprogram design.

scholarly journals LEXICAL-SEMANTIC PROCESSING OF ACTIONS/VERBS IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayse Souza ◽  
Henrique Salmazo- Silva ◽  
Roberta Baradel ◽  
Reynaldo Sandrini ◽  
Katerina Lukasova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Semantic Association ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Semantic Access ◽  
Therapeutic Alternatives ◽  
Action Verbs

Background: Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease present motor and cognitive impairment. In the language domain PD is a good model to study the functional contribution of the motor system to language processing. Objective: To investigate the performance of Parkinson’s disease patients on a lexical-semantic processing task of action verbs, compared to cognitively healthy controls. Methods: Parkinson’s patients performed the naming (n=25) and semantic association (n=19) tests of the Kisssing and Dancing Test - KDT, adapted by Baradel (2016). Patients were compared to cognitively healthy controls (n=44). Results: We observed a difference in performance on the naming (t[47]=-2.609, p=0.012) and semantic verb association (t[36]=-4.795, p=0.000) tasks between the groups. Parkinson’s patients had lower mean scores than healthy controls on both the naming and semantic association tasks. Conclusion: Parkinson’s patients may exhibit difficulties in lexical and semantic access of language with action content compared to healthy subjects. These results are consistent with Embodied Cognition and may support therapeutic alternatives in the field of language neuroscience.

Dissecting the Effects of Disease and Treatment on Impulsivity in Parkinson's Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 942-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison C. Simioni ◽  
Alain Dagher ◽  
Lesley K. Fellows
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Temporal Discounting ◽  
Baseline Risk ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Risky Decision ◽  
Balloon Analogue Risk Task

AbstractConverging evidence, including observations in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), suggests that dopamine plays a role in impulsivity. This multi-faceted construct includes considerations of both time and risk; determining how these more specific processes are affected by PD and dopaminergic treatment can inform neurobiological models. We examined the effects of PD and its treatment on temporal discounting and risky decision-making in a cohort of 23 mild-moderate PD patients and 20 healthy participants. Patients completed the Balloon Analogue Risk Task and a temporal discounting paradigm both on and off their usual dopamine replacement therapy. PD patients did not differ from controls in their initial risk-taking on the Balloon Analogue Risk Task, but took progressively more risks across trials when on medication. A subset of patients and controls was tested again, 1.5–3 years later, to explore the effects of disease progression. On follow-up, baseline risk-taking diminished in patients, but the tendency to take increasing risks across trials persisted. Neither disease progression nor its treatment affected the temporal discounting rate. These findings suggest a different neural basis for temporal discounting and risk-taking, and demonstrate that risk-taking can be further decomposed into initial and trial-by-trial effects, with dopamine affecting only the latter. (JINS, 2012, 18, 1–10)

Syntax, action verbs, action semantics, and object semantics in Parkinson's disease: Dissociability, progression, and executive influences

Cortex ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 237-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamile Bocanegra ◽  
Adolfo M. García ◽  
David Pineda ◽  
Omar Buriticá ◽  
Andrés Villegas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Action Semantics ◽  
Action Verbs

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease. Part 1. The Potential of Functional Neuroimaging

Doctor Ru ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
M.R. Sapronova ◽  
◽  
D.V. Dmitrenko ◽  
N.A. Schnaider ◽  
A.A. Molgachev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Transcranial Sonography ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Neuroimaging Techniques

Objective of the Review: To describe available functional neuroimaging techniques for use in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Key Points: Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder which affects 2-3% of people older than 65 years. The main neuropathological hallmarks of PD are an accumulation of alpha-synuclein aggregates in the cellular cytoplasm and a loss of neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra, leading to dopamine deficiency. Clinical symptoms of the disease appear when the underlying neural impairment is already advanced, which significantly reduces treatment options. Over the two last decades, functional neuroimaging techniques such as positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and transcranial sonography have increasingly been used for diagnosing PD during patients’ lifetime and understanding the neuropathological mechanisms and compensatory reactions underlying its symptoms, as well as for monitoring the progression of PD. Conclusion: Modern functional neuroimaging techniques not only facilitate differential diagnosis of PD, but also make it possible to detect the disease at its early/preclinical stage. Keywords: Parkinson’s disease, neuroimaging, positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, transcranial sonography.

scholarly journals A Neurophysiological Study of Semantic Processing in Parkinson’s Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Angwin ◽  
Nadeeka N.W. Dissanayaka ◽  
Alison Moorcroft ◽  
Katie L. McMahon ◽  
Peter A. Silburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Repetition Effects ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Written Word

AbstractObjectives: Cognitive-linguistic impairments in Parkinson’s disease (PD) have been well documented; however, few studies have explored the neurophysiological underpinnings of semantic deficits in PD. This study investigated semantic function in PD using event-related potentials. Methods: Eighteen people with PD and 18 healthy controls performed a semantic judgement task on written word pairs that were either congruent or incongruent. Results: The mean amplitude of the N400 for new incongruent word pairs was similar for both groups, however the onset latency was delayed in the PD group. Further analysis of the data revealed that both groups demonstrated attenuation of the N400 for repeated incongruent trials, as well as attenuation of the P600 component for repeated congruent trials. Conclusions: The presence of N400 congruity and N400 repetition effects in the PD group suggests that semantic processing is generally intact, but with a slower time course as evidenced by the delayed N400. Additional research will be required to determine whether N400 and P600 repetition effects are sensitive to further cognitive decline in PD. (JINS, 2017, 23, 78–89)

scholarly journals The Neural Basis of Postural Instability Gait Disorder Subtype of Parkinson's Disease: A PET and fMRI Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 360-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Tian-Nv Li ◽  
Yong-Sheng Yuan ◽  
Si-Ming Jiang ◽  
Qing Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Postural Instability ◽  
Gait Disorder ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals The basal ganglia and semantic engagement: Potential insights from semantic priming in individuals with subcortical vascular lesions, Parkinson's disease, and cortical lesions

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1041-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID COPLAND
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Semantic Priming ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Semantic Network ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Cortical Lesions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Prime Target

The impact of basal ganglia dysfunction on semantic processing was investigated by comparing the performance of individuals with nonthalamic subcortical (NS) vascular lesions, Parkinson's disease (PD), cortical lesions, and matched controls on a semantic priming task. Unequibiased lexical ambiguity primes were used in auditory prime-target pairs comprising 4 critical conditions; dominant related (e.g., bank–money), subordinate related (e.g., bank–river), dominant unrelated (e.g., foot–money) and subordinate unrelated (e.g., bat–river). Participants made speeded lexical decisions (word/nonword) on targets using a go–no-go response. When a short prime–target interstimulus interval (ISI) of 200 ms was employed, all groups demonstrated priming for dominant and subordinate conditions, indicating nonselective meaning facilitation and intact automatic lexical processing. Differences emerged at the long ISI (1250 ms), where control and cortical lesion participants evidenced selective facilitation of the dominant meaning, whereas NS and PD groups demonstrated a protracted period of nonselective meaning facilitation. This finding suggests a circumscribed deficit in the selective attentional engagement of the semantic network on the basis of meaning frequency, possibly implicating a disturbance of frontal–subcortical systems influencing inhibitory semantic mechanisms. (JINS, 2003, 9, 1041–1052.)

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