The Microeconomics Of Creating Productive Jobs : A Synthesis Of Firm-Level Studies In Transition Economies

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Earle ◽  
J. David Brown
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economies ◽  
Firm Level

Creating Productive Jobs in East European Transition Economies: a Synthesis of Firm-Level Studies

2008 ◽  
Vol 204 ◽  
pp. 108-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David Brown ◽  
John S. Earle
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Market Reform ◽  
Aggregate Productivity ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
East European ◽  
Job Reallocation ◽  
Firm Turnover ◽  
Market Liberalisation ◽  
Productivity Gains

The challenge for labour market policy in the new member states and other transition economies of Eastern Europe has been to redress the sharp drops in employment and rises in unemployment in a way that fosters the creation of productive jobs. This paper first documents the magnitude and productivity of job and worker reallocation. It then investigates the effects of privatisation, product and labour market liberalisation, and obstacles to growth in the new private sector on reallocation and its productivity in Hungary, Romania, Russia, and Ukraine. We find that market reform has resulted in a large increase in the pace of job reallocation, particularly that occurring between sectors and via firm turnover. Unlike under central planning, the job reallocation during the transition has contributed significantly to aggregate productivity growth. Privatisation has not only stimulated intrasectoral job reallocation, but the reallocation is more productive than that among remaining state firms. The estimated effect of privatisation on firm productivity is usually positive, but it varies considerably across countries. The productivity gains from privatisation have generally not come at the expense of workers, but are associated rather with increased wages and employment.

scholarly journals LOCATION CHOICE OF SPANISH MULTINATIONAL FIRMS IN DEVELOPING AND TRANSITION ECONOMIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-339
Author(s):  
Josep MARTÍ ◽  
Maite ALGUACIL ◽  
Vicente ORTS
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economies ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Multinational Firms ◽  
Mixed Logit ◽  
Discrete Choice Models ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Logit Models ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Local Factors

In this paper, we use firm-level data to investigate how different host country characteristics affect the decision of Spanish multinational firms to locate in developing and transition countries, and whether these determinants change when looking at manufacturing or services firms. As a methodological novelty, we estimate both standard conditional logit models as well as other discrete choice models that allow us to account for the possibility that firms perceive some alternative destinations as being more similar (nested and mixed logit models). A better understanding of the relevance of local factors that determine the competitiveness of these economies in providing multinational firms with location advantages can guide policymakers in their attempt to attract foreign capital flows. This, however, has not been previously addressed by the empirical literature at a firm level and across sectors. Our results suggest that Spanish investments in developing and transition economies are mainly driven by market-seeking factors. They also confirm the relevance of the business and financial climate in the location decision of multinational firms. Finally, the estimations reveal differences between manufacturing and services foreign direct investments in several local factors, such as the agglomeration effects, skilled labour and financial risk.

scholarly journals Composition of small and large firms’ business networks in transition economies

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (46) ◽  
pp. 195-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Portugal Ferreira ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Fernando Ribeiro Serra ◽  
Sungu Armagan
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economies ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Business Networks ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Government ◽  
Formal Business

In this study, using firm level data from twenty six transition economies collected by the World Bank and the EBRD in 1999-2000, we conduct a set of logistic regression models to investigate the composition of small and large firms’ business networks. The results show that, in contrast to smaller firms, larger firms are more likely to have formal business relationships, and relationships with national and foreign financial institutions, government, and foreign firms. In addition, in a subgroup analysis of seven transition economies we show that the composition of the firms’ business networks varies substantially across countries but that the government is still a dominant client. Furthermore, we found a large variation on firms’ reliance on informal ties and the extent to which firms exchange with foreign firms.

Bribery and Its Implications on Entrepreneurship in the Informal Economy

2018 ◽  
pp. 200-218
Author(s):  
Phan Anh Tu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Informal Entrepreneurship ◽  
Propensity To Pay ◽  
Official Status

This chapter argues that while informal entrepreneurship is important in transition economies (for economic growth, job generation, and welfare improvement), it opens informal entrepreneurs to bribery requests because of their non-official status. With empirical evidence from Vietnam, this chapter demonstrates that the likelihood of bribery is determined by a firm's attributes. Building on a unique dataset of 352 entrepreneurs in informal firms in Vietnam, this chapter is able to quantify bribery at the firm level and measure key concepts. The empirical findings confirm the key assumption that entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector of the same country may vary in their propensity to pay bribes due to pressure resulting from (a) factors that are specific to the firms, or (b) factors specific to their perceptions of the environment.

scholarly journals Employment Determination in Enterprises under Communism and in Transition: Evidence from Central Europe

ILR Review ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Basu ◽  
Saul Estrin ◽  
Jan Svejnar
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economies ◽  
Central Planning ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Market Signals ◽  
Mode Characteristic ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Labor Hoarding

The authors present a comparative analysis of employment determination in four transition economies as they moved from central planning to a market economy in the early 1990s. They use firm-level panel data sets from the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia to estimate dynamic employment equations for the period from immediately before to immediately after the start of transition. For the most part, firms appear to have been quick to adjust employment to wage levels, and there is little evidence of labor hoarding. There were important cross-country variations in the determinants of employment during the reform process, however. Hungarian and Polish firms started the transition already substantially reformed, and became even more responsive to market signals as transition proceeded. In contrast, firms in the Czech and Slovak Republics started in the completely unresponsive mode characteristic of central planning, but rapidly caught up with their counterparts in Hungary and Poland.

scholarly journals The innovation gender gap in transition countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Biscione ◽  
Dorothée Boccanfuso ◽  
Raul Caruso ◽  
Annunziata de Felice
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economies ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Intangible Assets ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Transition Countries ◽  
Enterprise Performance ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Oaxaca Decomposition ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Firm Level Data

AbstractThis paper investigates the sources of the possible gender ownership gap in innovativeness in a set of Transition economies by means of firm-level data coming from the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS V) conducted in 2012–2014. Through the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition we highlight the factors explaining the differences in the propensity to innovate between female-owned and male-owned firms. We find that the innovation disparity between firms with females among their owners and those having only male owners is mainly due to the differences in endowment effects. Tangible and intangible assets affect the innovation gap between the two groups of firms.

Determinants of Business Tax Compliance

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanybek D Nur-tegin
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Tax Compliance ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Tax Rates ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Compliance Costs ◽  
Business Tax

Abstract This paper provides empirical evaluation of a number of determinants of tax evasion by firms. The analysis includes both standard determinants, such as tax rates and probability of detection, and non-traditional factors, such as trust in government, compliance costs, and corruption. Firm-level survey data from 4,538 firms in 23 transition economies are analyzed. One of the main findings is that fighting corruption is more important in deterring tax evasion than conventional measures.

scholarly journals Firm-level determinants of tax evasion in transition economies

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lumir Abdixhiku ◽  
Besnik Krasniqi ◽  
Geoff Pugh ◽  
Iraj Hashi
Keyword(s):  
Transition Economies ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Firm Level
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document