The prevalence ofAnaplasma phagocytophilum,Babesia microti, andBorrelia burgdorferiinIxodes scapularisand small mammals from two Provincial Parks in Manitoba, Canada

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zach C Polk
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Provincial Parks

FAY AND RAUSCH 1969 REVISITED: BABESIA MICROTI IN ALASKAN SMALL MAMMALS

2006 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 826-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi K. Goethert ◽  
Joseph A. Cook ◽  
Ellen Weintraub Lance ◽  
Sam R. Telford
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Babesia Microti

The molecular evidence of Babesia microti infection in small mammals collected in Slovenia

Parasitology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. DUH ◽  
M. PETROVEC ◽  
T. TRILAR ◽  
T. AVSIC-ZUPANC
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Clethrionomys Glareolus ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna Gene ◽  
Yellow Necked Mouse

In Europe, the zoonotic cycle of Babesia microti has not been determined so far. Recently, B. microti was detected in Ixodes ricinus ticks in Slovenia by using molecular methods. In order to investigate the mammalian hosts of B. microti in Slovenia we collected 261 small mammals representing 11 species. They were tested for the presence of babesial parasites with a PCR assay based on the nuclear small subunit rRNA gene (nss-rDNA). The bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) and yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis) were infected with B. microti. The prevalence rate was 15·9% for C. glareolus and 11·8% for A. flavicollis. Nucleotide sequences of amplified portions of B. microti nss-rDNA from C. glareolus and A. flavicollis were indistinguishable from each other and identical with those previously described in I. ricinus ticks collected in Slovenia. The results of this study represent molecular evidence of B. microti in small mammals in Europe.

scholarly journals Giardia and Other Parasites of Small Mammals in Grand Teton National Park

1990 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 91-93
Author(s):  
William O'Dell ◽  
Raychel Watkins ◽  
Suzanne Moshier ◽  
Aelita Pinter
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
National Park ◽  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Tick Vector ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

The objectives of this study are to document effects of parasitism on vole populations, and to determine the potential of small mammals of Grand Teton National Park to serve as reservoirs of human parasites. Specific goals for this year were: 1. to continue surveying small mammals for Babesia microti; 2. to collect and identify ticks found with these animals; 3. to determine if Ixodes eastoni is a tick vector of B. microti; 4. to determine the incidence of Campylobacter spp. in these small mammals; and 5. to continue documentation of the occurrence of Giardia as an intestinal parasite of the montane vole.

scholarly journals Giardia and Other Parasites of Small Mammals in Grand Teton National Park

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 155-157
Author(s):  
William O'Dell ◽  
Raychel Watkins ◽  
Suzanne Moshier ◽  
Aelita Pinter
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
National Park ◽  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Tick Vector

The objectives of this study are to document the effects and cost of parasitism on vole populations and to determine the potential of small mammals of Grand Teton National Park to serve as reservoirs of human parasites. Specific goals for this year were: (1) to continue surveying small mammals for Babesia microti; (2) to collect and identify ticks found with these animals; (3) to determine if I. eastoni is a tick vector of B. microti; (4) to compare spleen histology of babesiosis in laboratory-infected and uninfected animals; and (5) to continue documentation of the occurrence of Giardia as an intestinal parasite of the montane vole.

scholarly journals Parasites of Small Mammals in Grand Teton National Park: Babesia and Hepatozoon

1994 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Suzanne Moshier ◽  
William O'Dell ◽  
Raychel Watkins ◽  
Aelita Pinter
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
National Park ◽  
The United States ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Grand Teton National Park ◽  
Human Babesiosis

In a review of the parasites of Microtus, Timm (1985) lists no protozoan endoparasites whatsoever for this genus. The role of parasitism, whether macro- or microparasites, and whether endo- or ectoparasites, in the demographic machinery of microtines is poorly understood. Timm (1985) astutely observes that one of the most challenging and fruitful directions of future research with Microtus will be the statistical quantification of the cost of parasitism. In addition, since humans in the Grand Teton National Park may encounter protozoon parasites that are potentially pathogenic to humans, it is useful to characterize the occurrence and biology of such organisms in the parko Babesia microti, a parasitic protozoon, is transmitted by a tick vector and reproduces in the erythrocytes of its mammalian host. Initially, Babesia was thought to be restricted to small mammals; however, in 1970 the first human cases were diagnosed in residents of Nantucket Island, Massachusetts (Western et al, 1970). Over 200 cases of human babesiosis have been documented worldwide. In the United States, human babesiosis is caused by B. microti. Most of these cases have occurred in the eastern United States. The earliest report of an organism that fits the description of Babesia in human erythrocytes is that of Wilson et al. (1904), who found an unknown organism in human erythrocytes while investigating the cause of Rocky Mountain Spotted fever. Documented cases of babesiosis in many areas of the United States are increasing (Steketee et al, 1985). As humans insert themselves into places where they have historically been present only occasionally, they often contract new diseases. A second protozoon parasite, Hepatozoon sp., which is widespread in small mammals in Europe, is also found in reptiles throughout the world. The record of Hepatozoon in North American small mammals is not extensive. Fewer than 10 species of mammals have been shown to harbor Hepatozoon parasites. Like Babesia, Hepatozoon is a two-host parasite. Unlike Babesia, for which the intermediate host is always a tick, the intermediate host in the Hepatozoon may be a tick, a mite, a flea, or a mosquito. The method of transmission by the vector also differs in the two parasites. Babesia is transmitted in saliva when the tick bites, whereas Hepatozoon infection requires the vertebrate host to swallow the vector. In our 1994 studies, we sought to extend knowledge of these two parasites. The specific objectives for 1994 were: to sample specific populations of M. molltanus, in which we have previously documented Hepatozoon infections, to determine whether there are differences in the infection rates at different study sites in the park; to search for the vector of Hepatozoon sp. infections in M. montanus by examining ectoparasites; to collect and rear ticks from M. montanus for use in R microti transmission studies; and to complete a comparison of the spleen histology of babesiosis in infected and uninfected laboratory animals, with inclusion of data from wild animals, as available. Our long-term objectives are to document the effects and cost of parasitism on vole populations and to determine the potential of small mammals of Grand Teton National Park to serve as reservoirs of human parasites.

scholarly journals High prevalence of Babesia microti in small mammals in Beijing

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Yan Wei ◽  
Xiao-Mei Wang ◽  
Zhen-Sheng Wang ◽  
Zhi-Hua Wang ◽  
Zeng-Zhi Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequence Alignments

Abstract Background Babesiosis is an emerging tick-borne zoonotic infectious disease. Babesia microti is responsible for most cases of human babesiosis globally. It is important to investigate the prevalence of B. microti in the mammalian host population of a specific region in order to elucidate mechanisms of pathogen transmission and to define geographic areas where humans face the greatest risk of exposure. The aim of this study is to understand the prevalence and genotypes of B. microti in the small mammals that are found in Beijing, China. Methods We trapped small mammals from all of the 16 urban, suburban, and outer suburban districts of Beijing during the years 2014, 2017 and 2018. Genomic DNA was extracted from the heart tissues individually and the Babesia 18S rRNA gene was detected by PCR. The genotypes of B. microti were identified based on sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis. The morphology of the parasites was observed under light microscopy. The risk factors were analyzed statistically based on both univariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression. Results A total of 1391 small mammals were collected. Positive infection of B. microti was detected in 12.1% (168/1391) of small mammals from 15 out of the 16 districts. Both Kobe-type and U.S.-type B. microti, accounting for 9.5% and 2.7%, respectively, were identified. Classic diverse morphologic forms of B. microti were observed. Specific types of ecological habitats including shrub areas, broad-leaved forest, and cropland were revealed to be risk factors associated with B. microti infection. Conclusions This study demonstrated the wide prevalence of B. microti infection in eight species of small mammals in Beijing, with Kobe-type more prevalent than U.S.-type. This study provides fundamental information for the development of informed prevention and control measures by public health authorities; the data gathered indicates a need for further monitoring of both clinical diseases in individuals presenting with babesiosis-like symptoms, as well as the infection status of ticks in high risk areas.

scholarly journals Wide Distribution and Genetic Diversity of Babesia microti in Small Mammals from Yunnan Province, Southwestern China

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e0005898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi-Hou Gao ◽  
Tao-Hua Huang ◽  
Bao-Gui Jiang ◽  
Na Jia ◽  
Zheng-Xiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Southwestern China

Prevalence and molecular characterizations of Toxoplasma gondii and Babesia microti from small mammals captured in Gyeonggi and Gangwon Provinces, Republic of Korea

2014 ◽  
Vol 205 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 512-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Hee Hong ◽  
Sang-Eun Lee ◽  
Young-Il Jeong ◽  
Heung-Chul Kim ◽  
Sung-Tae Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Babesia Microti

Small mammals as potential reservoir hosts of Babesia microti in the Middle Urals

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 748-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Samokhvalov ◽  
Yu. V. Kovalevskii ◽  
E. I. Korenberg ◽  
A. V. Morozov ◽  
I. V. Kuzikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
The Middle Urals ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Reservoir Hosts

Genetic diversity ofBabesiainIxodes persulcatusand small mammals from North Ural and West Siberia, Russia

Parasitology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. RAR ◽  
T. I. EPIKHINA ◽  
N. N. LIVANOVA ◽  
V. V. PANOV
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
West Siberia ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ixodes Persulcatus ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
The Us

SUMMARYObjective.The aim of this work was to study the prevalence and genetic diversity ofBabesiainIxodes persulcatusticks and small mammals from Ural and Siberia in Russia.Methods.In total, 481 small mammals and 922 questing adultI. persulcatusfrom North Ural (Sverdlovsk region) and West Siberia (Novosibirsk region) were examined for the presence ofBabesiaby nested PCR based on the 18S rRNA gene.Results.Babesia microtiof the ‘Munich’-type was found in 36·2% of blood samples of the small mammals from the Sverdlovsk region andB. microtiof the ‘US’-type in 5·3% of the animals from the Novosibirsk region.BabesiaDNA was not detected in 133 analysedI. persulcatusfrom the Sverdlovsk region; however, it was found in 24 of 789 ticks from the Novosibirsk region. Three distinctBabesiaspecies were detected inI. persulcatus. B. microti‘US’-type was identified in 10 ticks,Babesiaclosely related toB. divergens/B. capreoliin 2 ticks, andBabesiaclosely related toB. venatorum(EU1) in 12 ticks.Conclusion.To our knowledge, this is the first detection ofBabesia sensu strictoinI. persulcatusticks and ofB. microtiinI. persulcatusin the Asian part of Russia.

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