Purpose
This study aims to investigate the flow impinging on a stagnation point of a shrinking cylinder subjected to prescribed surface heat flux in Al2O3-Cu/water hybrid nanofluid.
Design/methodology/approach
Using similarity variables, the similarity equations are obtained and then solved using bvp4c in MATLAB. The effects of several physical parameters on the skin friction and heat transfer rate, as well as the velocity and temperature profiles are analysed and discussed.
Findings
The outcomes show that dual solutions are possible for the shrinking case, in the range
λc<λ<−1, where
λc is the bifurcation point of the solutions. Meanwhile, the solution is unique for
λ≥−1. Besides, the boundary layer is detached on the surface at
λc, where the value of
λc is affected by the hybrid nanoparticle
φhnf and the curvature parameter
γ. Moreover, the friction and the heat transfer on the surface increase with the rising values
φhnf and
γ. Finally, the temporal stability analysis shows that the first solution is stable in the long run, whereas the second solution is not.
Originality/value
The present work considers the problem of stagnation point flow impinging on a shrinking cylinder containing Al2O3-Cu/water hybrid nanofluid, with prescribed surface heat flux. This paper shows that two solutions are obtained for the shrinking case. Further analysis shows that only one of the solutions is stable as time evolves.
Stagnation-Point Flow toward a Vertical, Nonlinearly Stretching Sheet with Prescribed Surface Heat Flux
