scholarly journals Growth and Adaptation of Soybean Cultivars under Water Stress Conditions. III. Yield response and dry matter production.

1995 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peiwu WANG ◽  
Akihiro ISODA ◽  
Guozhi WEI
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Matter Production

Extended photoperiods after flowering increase the rate of dry matter production and nitrogen assimilation in mid maturing soybean cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 108104
Author(s):  
Santiago Julián Kelly ◽  
María Gabriela Cano ◽  
Diego Darío Fanello ◽  
Eduardo Alberto Tambussi ◽  
Juan José Guiamet
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Assimilation ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Matter Production

Comparison of the responses of two Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) genotypes to post-flowering soil water deficit with the response of canola (B. napus L.) cv. Monty

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Gunasekera ◽  
R. J. French ◽  
L. D. Martin ◽  
K. H. M. Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Total Oil

The responses to water stress during the post-flowering period of two mustard breeding lines (887.1.6.1 and Muscon) and a commercial canola cv. Monty were tested in the field at Merredin in the low-rainfall Mediterranean-type environment of Western Australia. Three water-stress treatments were imposed using supplemental irrigation and a rain-exclusion shelter. Increasing water stress in the post-flowering period significantly reduced dry matter production and seed yields. Harvest index was slightly increased by mild stress, but reduced back to control levels by severe stress. Pods/plant, seeds/pod, and 1000-seed weight were all reduced by water stress. Dry matter production was higher in mustard than in canola, due to its greater water use and radiation interception. Water-use efficiency (WUE) for dry matter production and radiation-use efficiency (RUE) were higher in mustard than in canola. WUE for dry matter production and RUE were insensitive to the levels of water stress in mustard in this experiment, but declined significantly in canola. The greater water use in mustard and insensitivity of WUE for dry matter production and RUE to water stress were attributed to significantly higher levels of osmotic adjustment in mustard, although osmotic adjustment was also observed in canola. Despite this, canola seed yield was not significantly lower than the seed yield of the better mustard genotype, although stress caused a significantly greater percentage yield reduction in canola. This is because canola had a higher harvest index, which also meant it had higher WUE than mustard for grain production under mild stress. Mustard’s poorer harvest index was due to more of the dry matter being invested in stem and, in the case of cv. Muscon, to a short reproductive duration and a low proportion of pod weight allocated to seed. Canola had significantly higher seed oil concentration than mustard, which meant that it produced higher total oil yield despite sometimes producing lower seed yield. However, its oil concentration was reduced more by stress than mustard’s, so under the most severe stress conditions, both mustard genotypes produced higher total oil yield. Mustard has potential as an oil-producing crop in the low-rainfall Mediterranean-type environments of Western Australia, but improved genotypes, greater harvest index, and greater seed yield are required.

Nutrition of irrigated crops on an alkaline brown clay soil at Trangie, New South Wales. 1. Lucerne

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
DK Muldoon
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Phosphorus Level ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Available Soil Phosphorus

The elements nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and zinc were sequentially omitted from a 'complete' fertiliser applied to plots on an alkaline soil, and lucerne (Medicago sativa) was sown immediately afterwards. The dry matter production of lucerne was measured in repeated cuts over 2 years; its mineral composition was determined periodically. In a second experiment 4 rates of phosphorus were applied to a l -year-old stand of lucerne and dry matter production recorded for 1 year. Lucerne yields in the first year were reduced from 17-1 8 t/ha to less than 14 t/ha by omitting phosphorus. Yields universally decreased in the second year as the 50 kg/ha P applied at sowing was depleted through the removal of 40 kg/ha P in forage. Following this depletion a linear yield response up to 80 kg/ha P was found (experiment 2). Omitting phosphorus fertiliser reduced the plant phosphorus concentration from 0.23 to 0.21% when sampled 15 months after sowing. The plant phosphorus concentration decreased with time in all treatments. The available soil phosphorus level decreased from an initial 12 to 6-7 �g/g after 6 months and further to 2 �g/g after 30 months. Fertiliser phosphorus raised the soil phosphorus level but this also was depleted to 2-3 �g/g in 30 months. Omitting zinc reduced the plant zinc concentration. However, neither the omission of nitrogen, potassium, sulfur nor zinc from the fertiliser had any effect on lucerne yields.

Precision drilling combining peas (Pisum sativum L.) of contrasting leaf types at varying densities

1987 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Heath ◽  
P. D. Hebblethwaite
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Radiation Interception ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Leaf Phenotype

SummaryField experiments were conducted in 1983–4 to investigate the effect of precision drilling and plant density on establishment, growth, radiation interception and yield of combining peas of varying leaf phenotype (Varieties ‘Birte’, leafed; ‘Filby’, leafless; and ‘BS3’, semi-leafless). Precision drilling established a more uniform plant distribution than øyjord drilling; visual differences observed soon after emergence were not observed at flowering. Precision drilling resulted in more radiation interception early in the season for semi-leafless but not leafed peas; dry-matter production and photosynthetic area index (PAI) were not increased. Yield data indicated that precision drilling produced similar yields to øyjord drilling at similar densities. Increasing plant density increased radiation interception, dry-matter production and PAI during vegetative growth; density treatment effects were less marked post-flowering. Pea leaf phenotypes differed in their yield response to increasing density. Radiation interception was related to dry-matter production and PAI to obtain an estimate of photosynthetic efficiency (ε) and the attenuation coefficient (k), respectively, ε and k were constant irrespective of spatial arrangement, leaf phenotype and plant density. The relative importance of spatial arrangement and plant density in increasing radiation interception and PAI and influence on yield is discussed; other potential agronomic advantages of precision drilling are described.

scholarly journals Zinc Induced Variations in Dry Matter Production, Partitioning and Yield of Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) under Water Stress

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
B. Srikanth ◽  
K. Jayalalitha ◽  
M. Sree Rekha
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Zinc Application

A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2017-18 at Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla to study the effect of seed pre - treatment and foliar application of zinc on dry matter production, partitioning and yield of mungbean under water stress. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications consists of two main treatments viz., no stress i.e. control (M0) and stress from flowering stage (i.e. from 30 DAS) up to harvest (M1) and seven sub-treatments viz., no zinc application (S0), seed treatment with 0.05% and 0.075% ZnSO4 solutions for 5 hrs before sowing (S1 and S2), foliar spray of 300, 400 and 500 ppm ZnSO4 at 30 DAS (S3, S4 and S5) and water spray at 30 DAS (S6). The results showed that leaf, stem, reproductive parts, total dry matter and seed yield was decreased by 23.0, 23.3, 15.3, 18.7 and 33.6 per cent, respectively in the plants that were subjected to stress from flowering stage over control plants. Foliar zinc spray @ 500 ppm at 30 DAS increased the leaf, stem, reproductive parts dry matter, total dry matter and seed yield by 24.6, 24.8, 20.9, 22.5 and 55.2 per cent, respectively, over untreated plants. Normal irrigated plants sprayed with zinc @ 500 ppm (M0S5) recorded the highest mean values of above parameters and the lowest mean values were recorded by the stressed plants with no zinc application (M1S0). Under water stress, mungbean plants sprayed with zinc @ 500 ppm at 30 DAS (M1S5) increased the leaf, stem, reproductive parts, total dry matter and seed yield by 17.6, 16.4, 23.9, 21.3 and 42.0 per cent, respectively, over unsprayed plants (M1S0).

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