The Eocene apex of panorpoid scorpionfly family diversity

2013 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bruce Archibald ◽  
Rolf W. Mathewes ◽  
David R. Greenwood
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Family Diversity ◽  
New Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Strong Competition ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Okanagan Highlands ◽  
Ecological Dominance

The scorpionfly (Mecoptera) superfamily Panorpoidea underwent an Eocene radiation, replacing the extinct Mesozoic orthophlebiid grade and reaching its greatest family-level diversity: Panorpidae, Panorpodidae, Austropanorpidae, Holcorpidae, Dinopanorpidae, and a new family proposed here, the Eorpidae. Only the Panorpidae and Panorpodidae survived the Eocene and persist to the present day. This cluster of family extinctions is exceptional within Cenozoic insects. The Eorpidae includes at least one new genus and three new species described here from four localities of the early Eocene Okanagan Highlands of British Columbia, Canada, and Washington, U.S.A.:Eorpa ypsipedan. gen. n. sp. (McAbee and possibly Falkland, BC, Canada; and Republic, WA, U.S.A.),Eorpa elverumin. gen. n. sp. (Republic), andEorpa jurgenin. gen. n. sp. (Quilchena, BC). Some of the other fragmentary and poorly preserved specimens might represent further new species. We propose that the apex of Panorpoid family diversity ended by pressures from post-Eocene icehouse world climatic stress and the rise to ecological dominance of ants, some of which would have provided strong competition in scavenging for dead arthropods.

scholarly journals The Cephalozygoptera, a new, extinct suborder of Odonata with new taxa from the early Eocene Okanagan Highlands, western North America

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4934 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-133
Author(s):  
S. BRUCE ARCHIBALD ◽  
ROBERT A. CANNINGS ◽  
ROBERT J. ERICKSON ◽  
SETH M. BYBEE ◽  
ROLF W. MATHEWES
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Western North America ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
New Family ◽  
Okanagan Highlands ◽  
Head Morphology

We describe the Cephalozygoptera, a new, extinct suborder of Odonata, composed of the families Dysagrionidae and Sieblosiidae, previously assigned to the Zygoptera, and possibly the Whetwhetaksidae n. fam. The Cephalozygoptera is close to the Zygoptera, but differs most notably by distinctive head morphology. It includes 59 to 64 species in at least 19 genera and one genus-level parataxon. One species is known from the Early Cretaceous (Congqingia rhora Zhang), possibly three from the Paleocene, and the rest from the early Eocene through late Miocene. We describe new taxa from the Ypresian Okanagan Highlands of British Columbia, Canada and Washington, United States of America: 16 new species of Dysagrionidae of the existing genus Dysagrion (D. pruettae); the new genera Okanagrion (O. threadgillae, O. hobani, O. beardi, O. lochmum, O. angustum, O. dorrellae, O. liquetoalatum, O. worleyae, all new species); Okanopteryx (O. jeppesenorum, O. fraseri, O. macabeensis, all new species); Stenodiafanus (S. westersidei, new species); the new genus-level parataxon Dysagrionites (D. delinei new species, D. sp. A, D. sp. B, both new); and one new genus and species of the new family Whetwhetaksidae (Whetwhetaksa millerae). 

scholarly journals Lygistorrhinidae (Diptera: Bibionomorpha: Sciaroidea) in early Eocene Cambay amber

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frauke Stebner ◽  
Hukam Singh ◽  
Jes Rust ◽  
David A. Grimaldi
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Baltic Amber ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
The Third ◽  
Extant Genus ◽  
Three New Species

One new genus and three new species of Lygistorrhinidae in early Eocene Cambay amber from India are described, which significantly increases our knowledge about this group in the Eocene.Lygistorrhina indican. sp. is the oldest fossil known from this extant genus.Indorrhina sahniin. gen. et sp. shows morphological similarities to each of the two extant generaLygistorrhinaandAsiorrhina.Palaeognoriste orientaleis the third species known from a group that has only been recorded from Eocene Baltic amber before. The latter finding reveals faunal links between Cambay amber and the probably slightly younger Baltic amber, adding further evidence that faunal exchange between Europe/Asia and India took place before the formation of Cambay amber.

New early Eocene Siricomorpha (Hymenoptera: Symphyta: Pamphiliidae, Siricidae, Cephidae) from the Okanagan Highlands, western North America

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bruce Archibald ◽  
Alexandr P. Rasnitsyn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
New Species ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Okanagan Highlands

AbstractWe describe three new genera and four new species (three named) of siricomorph sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) from the Ypresian (early Eocene) Okanagan Highlands: Pamphiliidae,Ulteramus republicensisnew genus, new speciesfrom Republic, Washington, United States of America; Siricidae,Ypresiosirex orthosemosnew genus, new speciesfrom McAbee, British Columbia, Canada; and Cephidae,Cuspilongus cachecreekensisnew genus, new speciesfrom McAbee and another cephid treated as Cephinae species A from Horsefly River, British Columbia, Canada. These are the only currently established occurrences of any siricomorph family in the Ypresian. We treat the undescribed new siricoid from the Cretaceous Crato Formation of Brazil as belonging to the Pseudosiricidae, not Siricidae, and agree with various authors that the YpresianMegapterites mirabilisCockerell is an ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The Miocene speciesCephites oeningensisHeer andC. fragilisHeer, assigned to the Cephidae over a century and a half ago, are also ants. Many of the host plants that siricomporphs feed upon today first appeared in the Eocene, a number of these in the Okanagan Highlands in particular. The Okanagan Highlands sites where these wasps were found also had upper microthermal mean annual temperatures as are overwhelmingly preferred by most modern siricomorphs, but were uncommon in the globally warm Ypresian, only found then in higher elevations and highest latitudes.

Stoloniferous octocorals (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) from South Africa, with descriptions of a new family of Alcyonacea, a new genus of Clavulariidae, and a new species of Cornularia (Cornulariidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine S. McFadden ◽  
Leen P. van Ofwegen
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
New Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Unidentified Species ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
A New Species

We describe a new family and genus of stoloniferous octocorals (Alcyonacea) and a new genus of Clavulariidae from material collected in South Africa in 2008. Arulidae, fam. nov., is characterised by polyps whose tentacles are fused proximally to form an expanded oral membrane, and sclerites of a type (‘table-radiates’) that has not been recorded previously in Octocorallia. One species, Arula petunia, gen. nov., sp. nov., is described, and the possible existence of congeners elsewhere in the Indo-Pacific is discussed. Inconstantia, gen. nov., is erected for three new species of Clavulariidae that have no or only weak anthocodial armature. I. pannucea, sp. nov., and I. procera, sp. nov., both have tall, cylindrical calyces, while I. exigua, sp. nov., has low, retractile calyces. Despite these morphological differences that would normally place them in different subfamilies, all three species are nearly identical genetically. We also describe Cornularia pabloi, sp. nov., a new species of Cornulariidae from South Africa, and discuss an unidentified species of Carijoa with an unusual colony growth form. A molecular phylogenetic analysis of 130 octocoral taxa, including 15 genera of stoloniferans, supports the distinctions of these new taxa from existing families and genera, and highlights the polyphyletic distribution of the taxa attributed to family Clavulariidae.

Early Eocene big headed flies (Diptera: Pipunculidae) from the Okanagan Highlands, western North America

2014 ◽  
Vol 146 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bruce Archibald ◽  
Christian Kehlmaier ◽  
Rolf W. Mathewes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
New Species ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
Character State ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
The Family ◽  
Okanagan Highlands

AbstractThree new species of Pipunculidae (Diptera) are described (one named), from the early Eocene (Ypresian) Okanagan Highlands of British Columbia, Canada and Washington State, United States of America: Metanephrocerus belgardeaenew species from Republic, Washington; and Pipunculidae species A and Pipunculinae species A from Quilchena, British Columbia. We re-describe the late Eocene (Priabonian) species Protonephrocerus florissantius Carpenter and Hull from Florissant, Colorado, United States of America, and assign it to a new genus proposed here, Priabonanew genus. Pipunculinae species A is the oldest known member of the family whose wing lacks a separated M2 vein; previously this had been known in species only as old as Miocene Dominican amber. This is a presumably derived character state that is predominant in modern species. Molecular analysis indicates an origin of the Pipunculidae in the Maastrichtian; the morphological and taxonomic diversity seen here in the Ypresian is consistent with an early radiation of the family. This is concordant with the radiation of Auchenorrhyncha, upon which they mostly prey, which is in turn associated with the early Paleogene diversification of angiosperm-dominated forests recovering from the K-Pg extinction event.

The gastrointestinal nematodes of Paramelomys lorentzii and Mammelomys spp. (Rodentia: Muridae) with descriptions of a new genus and three new species (Heligmonellidae) from Papua New Guinea and Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley R. Smales
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Three New Species

AbstractUnidentified cestodes and 14 species of nematode and larvae that could not be placed to family level, were collected from the digestive tracts of 27 individuals of

New Cretaceous cerithiform gastropods from the Pacific Slope of North America

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louella R. Saul ◽  
Richard L. Squires
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Baja California ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Northern Site ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Pacific Slope ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Future Work

Two new genera and three new species of shallow-marine, warm-water gastropods are reported from outcrops of various Cretaceous formations between British Columbia and Baja California. The potamidid Cedrosia pacifica new genus and species is from Turonian strata on Cedros Island, west coast of Baja California, Mexico. It is the earliest potamidid known from the rock record of the Pacific Slope. Alamirifica corona new genus and species, whose suprageneric relationships are uncertain, is from Turonian strata in southern California. The holotype has a round and rimmed aperture most similar to the photine buccinid Neoteron Pilsbry and Lowe, 1932. The holotype also has a pyramidal spire most similar to some fossil cerithioideans traditionally placed in the potamidid Pyrazus Montfort, 1810, but the type species of Pyrazus does not have a pyramidal spire. Future work might reveal that Alamirifica belongs to a new family.Four other Pacific Slope species are tentatively assigned to Alamirifica: the Aptian A.? harrissi (Allison, 1955); the Coniacian A.? ursa new species; the late Coniacian to early Campanian A.? harveyi (Whiteaves, 1903); and the poorly preserved Turonian Alamirifica? sp.As presently known, Cedrosia and Alamirifica were endemic to the study area, but they strongly resemble some Old World Tethyan gastropods. The distribution of A.? harveyi lends support to a relatively northern site of deposition for the Nanaimo Group.

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