FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON OOCYTE NUMBERS IN MATURE RHESUS MONKEYS (MACACA MULATTA)

1954 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. GREEN ◽  
S. ZUCKERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
The Right

SUMMARY An analysis of oocyte numbers in forty-two rhesus monkeys whose ovaries were removed on different days of the menstrual cycle showed (1) that the right and left ovaries usually contain about the same number of oocytes; (2) that oocyte numbers vary inversely with body weight; (3) that there are no significant differences in the total number of oocytes in the early, middle and last thirds of the cycle; and (4) that no constant relation exists between the proportion of follicles in different stages of development.

THE NUMBER OF OOCYTES IN THE MATURE RHESUS MONKEY (MACACA MULATTA)

1951 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. GREEN ◽  
S. ZUCKERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Average Total Number ◽  
Sexually Mature

Estimates have been made of the total number of oocytes in ovaries removed on different days of the menstrual cycle from twelve sexually mature rhesus monkeys. They have been analysed on two assumptions: (a) that no relation exists over the range of age studied between age and the number of oocytes present; and (b) that such a relation exists. The data were grouped in the following three temporal phases of the menstrual cycle: days 1–9, days 10–18, days 19–27. Statistical analysis failed to reveal any significant difference between the average total number of oocytes present at the beginning, the middle, or the end of the menstrual cycle.

OVARIAN HORMONES AND GROOMING BEHAVIOUR IN THE RHESUS MONKEY (MACACA MULATTA) UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS

1966 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. MICHAEL ◽  
J. HERBERT ◽  
J. WELEGALLA
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Ovarian Hormones ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Social ◽  
Endocrine Factors ◽  
Grooming Behaviour ◽  
Subsequent Addition

SUMMARY Grooming behaviour was studied quantitatively by observing pairs of oppositely sexed, adult rhesus monkeys during regular hourly test sessions over 2 yr.; at all other times the animals were caged singly. Rhythmic fluctuations in both male and female grooming occurred in relation to the menstrual cycle; the grooming times of males reached a maximum near mid-cycle, at which time the females' grooming was at a minimum. In some pairs, there were additional changes in the grooming times immediately before menstruation in the same direction as those near mid-cycle. Bilateral ovariectomy of the female of the pair abolished all rhythmic variations and reduced the grooming of the males. Subcutaneous injections of oestradiol into the ovariectomized female restored the grooming of males to the levels seen near mid-cycle. The subsequent addition of progesterone partially, but always consistently, antagonized the effects of oestradiol. Analysis of the hormone-induced alterations in grooming behaviour indicates a primary influence on the effectiveness of the grooming invitations of females, the proportion accepted by males increasing with oestradiol administration. These findings indicate that endocrine factors play a role in regulating grooming activity which constitutes an important aspect of the social behaviour of primates.

Oestradiol and somatomedin-C influence body weight patterns in premenarchial rhesus monkeys housed outdoors

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Wilson ◽  
S. M. Schwartz ◽  
M. L. Walker ◽  
T. P. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Somatomedin C ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
Gonadal Status ◽  
Serum Gh

ABSTRACT The influence of gonadal status on the pattern of changes in body weight was examined in three groups of outdoor-housed premenarchial rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) from 1 to 2 years of age. Gonadally intact (n=8) and ovariectomized oestradiol-treated females (n=5) gained significantly more weight than ovariectomized untreated females (n=5). The overall larger weight gains for the intact and ovariectomized oestradiol-treated groups were associated with significantly higher fasting levels of serum insulin. All subjects exhibited two periods of significant weight gain from 12 to 16 months of age between May and September and from 21 to 24 months of age between February and May. Serum GH and somatomedin-C levels were also raised during these periods of accelerated growth. Although the pattern of serum GH was similar among groups, serum somatomedin-C levels were significantly higher in both intact and ovariectomized oestradiol-treated subjects from 21 to 24 months of age, suggesting physiological levels of oestradiol may facilitate somatomedin-C production during periods of increased GH secretion. Thus, absolute changes in body weight in outdoor-housed premenarchial rhesus monkeys are influenced by gonadal status, possibly mediated through increases in serum insulin. Furthermore, dynamic changes in body weight occur during prepubertal development, with the largest increments associated with increased somatomedin-C levels at specific ages synchronized with natural changes in the environment. J. Endocr. (1984) 102, 311–317

scholarly journals The menstrual cycle of the primates XII—The interaction of ovarian hormones in the cycle

1937 ◽  
Vol 124 (835) ◽  
pp. 150-162 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Ovarian Hormones ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Normal Cycle ◽  
Menstrual Cycles

The following study was undertaken for the purpose of throwing light on the endocrine mechanisms th at operate in menstrual cycles in which ovulation occurs, and in which the endometrium is consequently influenced by both the follicular and luteal hormones of the ovary. The immediate object of the investigation was to define experimental conditions that would conform temporally to the phases of the normal cycle, and under which uterine bleeding would occur at approximately 4-weekly intervals in ovariectomized rhesus monkeys treated with both oestrin and progestin. The information obtained in this study is complementary to observations that deal with the mechanism of anovular cycles (Zuckerman 1937 a, b ), and helps to provide a basis for the full interpretation of the menstrual cycle. Material and Methods Details about the spayed rhesus monkeys ( Macaca mulatta ) used in this study are given in a previous paper (Zuckerman 1937 a ), where the reactions of the animals to varied conditions of oestrogenic stimulation are described.

CONCENTRATIONS OF MELATONIN IN THE PLASMA OF THE RHESUS MONKEY (MACACA MULATTA)

1980 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. JENKIN ◽  
M. D. MITCHELL ◽  
P. HOPKINS ◽  
C. D. MATTHEWS ◽  
G. D. THORBURN
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Lower Limit ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
Peripheral Plasma

A radioimmunoassay for the determination of concentrations of melatonin in the plasma of rhesus monkeys has been developed. Antiserum for the assay was raised against N-acetyl serotonin and there was a 100% cross-reaction with melatonin. Cross-reactivity with closely related indoles, precursors and metabolites was less than or equal to 1%. The lower limit of sensitivity of the assay was 4 pg/tube. The assay has been used for the investigation of diurnal variations and cyclical changes in melatonin concentrations in peripheral plasma of the rhesus monkey. The concentrations of melatonin ranged between 26·6 and 85·3 pg/ml during sampling for 24 h.There was a distinct diurnal variation in the concentration of melatonin in plasma. The concentration during darkness (61·0 ± 7·1 (s.e.m.) pg/ml) was greater (P <0·01) than that during illumination (40·1 ± 6·1 pg/ml). There were no significant differences in the concentration of melatonin in plasma at any time during the 28 day menstrual cycle of the rhesus monkey.

THE SUPPRESSION OF MOUNTING BEHAVIOUR AND EJACULATION IN MALE RHESUS MONKEYS (MACACA MULATTA) BY ADMINISTRATION OF PROGESTERONE TO THEIR FEMALE PARTNERS

1968 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. MICHAEL ◽  
G. S. SAAYMAN ◽  
D. ZUMPE
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Sexual Interaction ◽  
Female Receptivity ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
Male Rhesus

SUMMARY Sexual behaviour was studied quantitatively by observing six pairs of oppositely sexed, adult rhesus monkeys during 209 hourly test sessions conducted over a period of 7 months; at all other times, animals were housed singly. The effect on male—female sexual interaction was studied when ovariectomized, oestrogen-treated females were given s.c. injections of progesterone. Administration of 25 mg. progesterone resulted in a highly significant decrease in male mounting activity, in ejaculation, and in the number of sexual invitations made by females. At the same time there was a highly significant increase in the number of female refusal reactions. In three pairs, mounting attempts by males remained constant and the decline in the number of mounts resulted primarily from a large increase in refusal reactions. In three other pairs, the decline in the number of mounts resulted, primarily, from a marked decrease in male mounting attempts. The two principal mechanisms, loss of female receptivity and loss of female attractiveness, previously observed during the luteal phase of the female's menstrual cycle, were thus reproduced by giving progesterone to the ovariectomized, oestrogen-treated female partners.

Nucleolar Segregation and Chronic Methanol Intoxication

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 360-361
Author(s):  
Julio H. Garcia ◽  
Janice P. Van Zandt
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Methyl Alcohol ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Methanol Intoxication ◽  
Intragastric Tube ◽  
Nucleolar Segregation

Repeated administration of methyl alcohol to Rhesus monkeys (Maccaca mulata) by intragastric tube resulted in ultrastructural abnormalities of hepatocytes, which persisted in one animal twelve weeks after discontinuation of the methyl alcohol regime. With dosages ranging between 3.0 to 6.0 gms. of methanol per kg. of body weight, the serum levels attained within a few hours averaged approximately 475 mg. per cent.

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