THE CHARACTERIZATION OF TETRAHYDROCORTICOSTERONE AND OF SOME αβ-UNSATURATED KETONIC COMPOUNDS SIMULATING ADRENAL STEROID METABOLITES IN URINE

1958 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. HOLNESS ◽  
C. H. GRAY
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Adrenal Steroid ◽  
Unsaturated Ketones ◽  
Fluorescence Reaction ◽  
Exogenous Origin

SUMMARY The α-ketolic steroid R6, previously described by de Courcy, Bush, Gray & Lunnon [1953], has been identified as tetrahydrocorticosterone. The structures of X6 and some other αβ-unsaturated ketones appearing on chromatograms of urine extracts and giving the Bush soda fluorescence reaction are discussed. Four of these compounds are of exogenous origin and follow the ingestion of citrus fruits.

scholarly journals Multivariate Analysis and Characterization of Flavonoids and Volatile Components of Citrus Fruits Produced in Okinawa

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Kenta Yamamoto ◽  
Ayumi Musou-Yahada ◽  
Ayami Yoshimoto ◽  
Koji Sakamoto ◽  
Naoto Hirose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Citrus Fruits

Addition of Organolithium Nucleophiles to the Diiron Allenyl Complex [Fe2(CO)6(μ-PPh2){μ-η1:η2α,β-(H)CαCβCγH2}]:  Synthesis and Characterization of Organodiiron-Coordinated β,γ-Unsaturated Ketones

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (14) ◽  
pp. 3221-3228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Doherty ◽  
Mark R. J. Elsegood ◽  
William Clegg ◽  
Nicholas H. Rees ◽  
Tom H. Scanlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Unsaturated Ketones

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of a series of 1,3,5-trisubstituted-2-pyrazolines derivatives using methanoic acid under thermal condition

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 1371-1376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behrooz Maleki ◽  
Davood Azarifar ◽  
Khodaverdian Moghaddam ◽  
Fatemeh Hojati ◽  
Mostafa Gholizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Thermal Condition ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Unsaturated Ketones ◽  
Practical Synthesis ◽  
Methanoic Acid

An efficient and practical synthesis of 1,3,5-trisubstituted 2-pyrazoline structures was achieved through cyclization of phenylhydrazine with ?,? -unsaturated ketones (chalcones) using methanoic acid (formic acid) as catalyst under thermal condition.

Silyl-substituted α,β-Unsaturated Ketones from the Reaction of Silylvinylmetallic Reagents with Acid Anhydrides

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 2024-2032 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Brook ◽  
J. M. Duff
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Silyl Group ◽  
Unsaturated Ketones ◽  
Carbon Double Bond ◽  
Benzoic Anhydride ◽  
Acid Anhydrides ◽  
By Products

The reactions of a series of silyl-substituted vinylmetallic reagents with acetic and benzoic anhydride have been investigated as a general route to α,β-unsaturated ketones having a silyl group attached to the carbon–carbon double bond. The reaction has been found to be generally applicable for acetyl derivatives provided low temperatures are used but the reaction with benzoic anhydride gives poorer results. The i.r. and u.v. spectra of the ketones are discussed. The characterization of novel 1,4-dienes obtained as by-products in the syntheses is also described.

Characterization of volatile compounds in selected citrus fruits from Asia. Part I: freshly-squeezed juice

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorry Dharmawan ◽  
Stefan Kasapis ◽  
Philip Curran ◽  
Jeffrey R. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Citrus Fruits

scholarly journals Characterization of Highly Reductive Modification of Tetracycline D-Ring Reveals Enzymatic Conversion of Enone to Alkane

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu-Yue Nie ◽  
Zhen-Yu Ji ◽  
Yu Hu ◽  
Gong-Li Tang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Unsaturated Ketone ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Enzymatic Conversion ◽  
Unsaturated Ketones ◽  
Isotope Incorporation ◽  
Aureolic Acid ◽  
Post Modification ◽  
Enzymatic Mechanisms

Abstract Tetracyclines are an eminent family of type II polyketides which possess a variety of decoration on the skeletons. However, apart from the oxidative modification in aureolic acid compounds, there are few cases on the further conversion of α, β-unsaturated ketones in the tetracycline D-ring. Here, we identified two reductases (TjhO5 and TjhD4) that highly reduced the α,β-unsaturated ketone of D-ring in the biosynthesis of unconventional tetracyclines. By identifying related intermediates and conducting isotope incorporation experiments, we demonstrated that the entire transformation could be accomplished by TjhO5 and TjhD4 collectively via two distinct pathways involving different enzymatic mechanisms. A distinctive deoxygenation mechanism was possibly involved in the TjhO5-mediated continuous reduction of C = O to CH2. These findings highlight the unprecedent post-modification of tetracyclines and facilitate further engineering to enrich the structural diversities.

ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND SPECTROMETRIC CHARACTERIZATION OF α,β- AND β,Γ-UNSATURATED KETONES

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (41) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
N. DE KIMPE ◽  
L. DE BUYCK ◽  
R. VERHE ◽  
N. SCHAMP
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Ketones

scholarly journals Characterization of best naringinase producing fungus isolated from the citrus fruits

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keerthini Srikantha ◽  
Kapilan Ranganathan ◽  
Vasantharuba Seevaratnam
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Fermentation Medium ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Biochemical Tests

Naringinase enzyme has potential application in food and pharmaceutical industry. Naringin and limonin are principle bitter components in the citrus fruit. The microorganisms that associate with citrus fruit may have the ability to degrade the naringin by extracellular naringinase enzymes that are produced by microorganisms. The objective of the study is to isolate naringinase producing fungus from the citrus fruit to debitter the citrus juice and to characeterize the fungus. Citrus fruits were allowed to spoil under the air and soil and the lesion was used to streak on fresh PDA plates. Out of the eight strains isolated from citrus fruits, five were positive for naringinase enzyme. When all the naringinase producing fungi were subjected to liquid fermentation medium for eight days at room temperature at 200 rpm and the crude enzyme was tested for naringinase enzyme at pH 5 and 50 ºC for 10 minutes, one strain showed the best naringenase activity (1.92 µmol/ml/min). This strain was identified as Aspergillus flavus based on the macroscopic, microscopic and biochemical tests. The culture conditions were optimized to increase the naringinase production via solid state fermentation system using paddy husk as the support. Though naringinase activity of Aspergillus flavus has started on the 2nd day, the highest activity (449.58Ug-1Dry Matter) was obtained on the 8th day. Thereafter the naringinase activity has started to decline. Solid state fermentation using paddy husk as support could be used for large scale naringinase enzyme production.

Characterization of essential oils of citrus fruits

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L. R. Simas ◽  
Silésia Helena Barboteu Martins de Amorim ◽  
Júlia Mouta de Oliveira ◽  
Daniela Sales Alviano ◽  
Antonio Jorge Ribeiro da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Citrus Fruits
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