Effect of administration of human chorionic gonadotrophin on criteria used to assess testosterone administration in athletes

1991 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Cowan ◽  
A. T. Kicman ◽  
C. J. Walker ◽  
M. J. Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
International Olympic Committee ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Drug Test ◽  
Testosterone Administration ◽  
Sole Criterion

ABSTRACT Abnormal ratios of testosterone to epitestosterone (T/E) and testosterone to LH (T/LH) in the urine of male athletes are indicative of testosterone administration. The T/E ratio has been adopted by the International Olympic Committee as the sole criterion used in the detection of testosterone administration. An athlete is usually considered to have failed a drug test if the urinary T/E ratio is greater than 6. Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) has been used by some male athletes to stimulate testicular secretion of testosterone. The purpose of this investigation was to examine whether the urinary T/E ratio can remain unaffected by administration of hCG to normal adult males. Administration of hCG resulted in large increases in serum testosterone concentrations and urinary T/LH ratios but small changes in urinary T/E ratios of two subjects (maximum T/E values observed were 0·8 and 1·2 respectively). These observations suggest that the urinary T/LH ratio is a valuable indicator of hCG as well as of testosterone administration. This study is the first to measure urinary T/LH ratios using the technique of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for quantification of testosterone, and highly specific monoclonal antibodies for the measurement of LH. An ultrafiltration method is proposed as part of a confirmatory procedure to be adopted in the measurement of urinary gonadotrophins for drug control in sport. Journal of Endocrinology (1991) 131, 147–154

scholarly journals Testosterone Response of Cryptorchid and Hypophysectomized Rats to Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin (hCG) Stimulation

1985 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y M Hodgson ◽  
DM de Kretser
Keyword(s):  
Single Injection ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Hypophysectomized Rats ◽  
Secondary Rise

The testosterone responses to a single injection of HCG (100 i.u.) in hypophysectomized (hypox.), cryptorchid or sham-operated rats were followed over a 5-day period. In sham-operated rats, hCG induced a biphasic rise in serum testosterone, peaks being observed at 2 and 72 h. Reduced testis weights, elevated FSH and LH levels and reduced serum testosterone levels were found after 4 weeks of cryptorchidism, but hCG stimulation resulted in a normal 2 h peak in serum testosterone. However, the secondary rise at 72 h in cryptorchid rats was significantly lower than sham-operated rats.

PLASMA DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE IN NORMAL ADULT MALES AND ITS RELATION TO TESTOSTERONE

1975 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl M. Pirke ◽  
Peter Doerr
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Free Ligand ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Old Men ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Close Parallelism

ABSTRACT A radioimmunoassay for dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in plasma was developed using an antiserum raised against testosterone-3-oxime-bovine-serum-albumin. After extraction of 1 ml male plasma with diethylether, DHT was separated from testosterone (T) by thin-layer chromatography. A dextran-charcoal-suspension was used for the separation of bound and free ligand. The inter-assay variability was 10.4 % (C. V.) and the detection limit 1.77 ng/100 ml. The accuracy of the method as determined by mass recoveries and the specificity were shown to be satisfactory. Normal values were obtained in 45 young to middle-aged (22–61 years) and 37 old (68–93 years) men. The median and the 95 percentiles were 20.5–51.9–76.3 (ng/100 ml) and 19.5–50.9–101.5 (ng/100 ml) respectively. While DHT did not change in old age T fell by 20.6%. DHT and T showed a significant correlation: rS = 0.426, P < 0.01 (young men), rS = 0.752, P < 0.001 (old men). After 3 daily im injections of 5000 IU human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), DHT increased 1.50 times (range: 1.15–2.09, n = 12), T 1.86 times (range: 1.20–2.91, n = 12). After 4 daily administrations of 40 mg fluoxymesterone DHT fell to 29.6% of the control level (range: 16.0–48.2%, n = 12). Blood samples were obtained from a 24 year old man every 15 min for 24 h. A close parallelism was observed between the concentrations of DHT and T in the plasma.

THE RESPONSE OF INHIBIN TO HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN IS DECREASED IN SENESCENT MEN COMPARED WITH YOUNG MEN

1989 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. R9-R11 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Fingscheidt ◽  
E. Nieschlag
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Old Men ◽  
Ejaculate Parameters

ABSTRACT Inhibin and testosterone were measured in the serum of young and old men with proven fertility before and after stimulation with human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) in order to characterize endocrinological changes in senescence further. While there was a significant increase of both hormones in all young men, there was a decreased response of serum testosterone and an insignificant increase in inhibin in the older men. Although basal hormone levels and ejaculate parameters were not different, hCG stimulation revealed that there were decreased secretory capacities of Leydig as well as of Sertoli cells in old age.

On the origin of physiologically high ratios of urinary testosterone to epitestosterone: consequences for reliable detection of testosterone administration by male athletes

1994 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Dehennin
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Loading Test ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Stable Isotope Dilution ◽  
Testosterone Administration ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Efficient Criteria ◽  
Male Subjects

Abstract Testosterone administration to male athletes can be safely detected in the vast majority of cases by the urinary excretion ratio of testosterone to epitestosterone glucuronides (TG/EG), which may not exceed 6. Some rare cases of physiologically high TG/EG ratios (between 6 and 12) are encountered; these may be attributed to a dysregulation of the testicular secretions of epitestosterone which is decreased, and of epitestosterone sulphate (ES) which is normal or increased. Impaired hydrolysis of circulating epitestosterone sulphate by deficiency of a specific sulphatase acting on 17α-sulphates must also be considered as a possible reason for the decreased availability of epitestosterone for hepatic glucuronidation. Urinary excretions of conjugates and metabolites of testosterone and epitestosterone (expressed in nmol/mmol creatinine) have been determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry associated with stable isotope dilution, in a reference population of 90 healthy male subjects and in 12 subjects with chronic TG/EG>4. Urinary excretion ratios such as TG/(EG+ES), EG/ES and TG/5-androstene-3β,17α-diol glucuronide are shown to be efficient criteria which allow discrimination between physiologically high and pharmacologically high TG/EG ratios. A simple oral loading test with deuterium-labelled epitestosterone demonstrates the difference between hepatic and total epitestosterone metabolism clearly, particularly in subjects with physiologically high TG/EG in comparison with subjects with normal TG/EG. Journal of Endocrinology (1994) 142, 353–360

Pituitary–testicular axis in rats lacking testicular macrophages

1995 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Gaytan ◽  
C Bellido ◽  
E Aguilar ◽  
N van Rooijen
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Average Serum ◽  
Testicular Histology ◽  
Testicular Macrophages

Gaytan F, Bellido C, Aguilar E, van Rooijen N. Pituitary–testicular axis in rats lacking testicular macrophages. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;132:218–22. ISSN 0804–4643 Testicular macrophages were depleted selectively in adult rats by intratesticular injections of liposome-entrapped dichloromethylene diphosphonate (Cl2MDP-lp), whereas control animals received intratesticular injections of phosphate-buffered saline-containing liposomes or 0.9% NaCl. The absence of macrophages in Cl2MDP-lp-injected rats was confirmed histologically. Rats lacking testicular macrophages showed significantly increased (twofold on average) serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone at 5 and 10 days after treatment. Serum luteinizing hormone concentrations drop to control values at 15 days after treatment. Serum testosterone concentrations were increased significantly (twofold on average) at 5, 10 and 15 days after treatment. No significant changes were found for follicle-stimulating hormone serum concentrations, or for the weights of the testes and sex accessory organs. Testicular histology was unchanged, except for the absence of testicular macrophages in Cl2MDP-lp-treated animals. Rats treated with NaCl or Cl2MDP-lp were injected with 100 IU of human chorionic gonadotrophin and sacrificed 2 h later. Serum testosterone concentrations increased 8.6-and 3.5-fold in NaCl and Cl2MDP-lp-treated rats, respectively, in response to acute human chorionic gonadotrophin treatment. These results point out the relevance of testicular macrophages for the regulation of the pituitary–testicular axis. F Gaytan, Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, 14071 Córdoba, Spain

REGULATION OF PLASMA OESTROGENS IN NORMAL ADULT MALES

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 617-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Doerr ◽  
Karl M. Pirke
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Plasma Oestradiol ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT The response of plasma oestradiol (Oe2), oestrone (Oe1) and testosterone (T) to stimulation of the Leydig cells with human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) and to suppression with a synthetic androgen was ascertained in normal adult males. Three days after daily im injections with 5000 IU HCG, Oe2 increased from 1.93 to 5.66 ng/100 ml (mean of 12 subjects), Oe1 from 2.76 to 4.99 ng/100 ml, and T from 547 to 990 ng/100 ml. Thus, Oe2 increased on the average 3.07 times, Oe1 1.90 times, and T 1.86 times. Four days after oral administration of daily 40 mg fluoxymesterone (9α-fluoro-11β-hydroxy-17α-methyltestosterone), T decreased from 521 to 99.8 ng/100 ml (19.3 % of the control level, mean of 12 subjects), Oe2 from 1.93 to 0.66 ng/100 ml (34.9 % of the control level), and Oe1 from 3.14 to 2.23 ng/100 ml (72.5 % of the control level). Highly significant correlations were found between the pre-stimulation levels of Oe2 and Oe1, between the increments of Oe2 and Oe1 and of Oe2 and T after HCG stimulation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document