Tri-iodothyronine directly affects rat Sertoli cell proliferation and differentiation

1995 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Palmero ◽  
M Prati ◽  
F Bolla ◽  
E Fugassa
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Sertoli Cell ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Aromatase Activity ◽  
Functional Maturation ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Old Rats

Abstract The addition of physiological concentrations (1 nm) of tri-iodothyronine (T3) to the culture medium of Sertoli cells from prepubertal (8-day-old) rats stimulated both protein synthesis (+55%) and lactate (+50%) production, while it inhibited DNA synthesis (−30/35%) and aromatase activity (−45/50%); insignificant T3-dependent effects were observed in cultured Sertoli cells from midpubertal (28-day-old) rats. These data suggest an age-dependent role for thyroid hormone in promoting and maintaining Sertoli cell differentiation at puberty; moreover, the hormone is involved in the regulation of Sertoli cell proliferation. The present study validates the role of Sertoli cells as a specific target for T3 action at the testis level; it also demonstrates the existence of an early and critical direct influence of thyroid hormone on Sertoli cell proliferation and functional maturation. Journal of Endocrinology (1995) 145, 355–362

scholarly journals jouvence, a new human H/ACA snoRNA involves in the control of cell proliferation and differentiation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flaria El-Khoury ◽  
Jérôme Bignon ◽  
Jean-René Martin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Small Nucleolar Rnas ◽  
Primary Cells ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Cancerous Cell ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Nucleolar Rnas

AbstractSmall nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are non-coding RNAs conserved from archeobacteria to mammals. In humans, various snoRNAs have been associated with pathologies as well as with cancer. Recently in Drosophila, a new snoRNA named jouvence has been involved in lifespan. Since snoRNAs are well conserved through evolution, both structurally and functionally, jouvence orthologue has been identified in human, allowing hypothesizing that jouvence could display a similar function (increasing healthy lifespan) in human. Here, we report the characterization of the human snoRNA-jouvence, which was not yet annotated in the genome. We show, both in stably cancerous cell lines and in primary cells, that its overexpression stimulates the cell proliferation. In contrast, its knockdown, by siRNA leads to an opposite phenotype, a decrease in cell proliferation. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that overexpression of jouvence leads to a dedifferentiation signature of the cells, a cellular effect comparable to rejuvenation. Inversely, the knockdown of jouvence leads to a decrease of genes involved in ribosomes biogenesis and spliceosome in agreement with the canonical role of a H/ACA box snoRNA. In this context, jouvence could represent a now tool to fight against the deleterious effect of aging, as well as a new target in cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Targeting lysosomes in human disease: from basic research to clinical applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengdie Cao ◽  
Xiangyuan Luo ◽  
Kongming Wu ◽  
Xingxing He
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Lysosomal Acidification

AbstractIn recent years, accumulating evidence has elucidated the role of lysosomes in dynamically regulating cellular and organismal homeostasis. Lysosomal changes and dysfunction have been correlated with the development of numerous diseases. In this review, we interpreted the key biological functions of lysosomes in four areas: cellular metabolism, cell proliferation and differentiation, immunity, and cell death. More importantly, we actively sought to determine the characteristic changes and dysfunction of lysosomes in cells affected by these diseases, the causes of these changes and dysfunction, and their significance to the development and treatment of human disease. Furthermore, we outlined currently available targeting strategies: (1) targeting lysosomal acidification; (2) targeting lysosomal cathepsins; (3) targeting lysosomal membrane permeability and integrity; (4) targeting lysosomal calcium signaling; (5) targeting mTOR signaling; and (6) emerging potential targeting strategies. Moreover, we systematically summarized the corresponding drugs and their application in clinical trials. By integrating basic research with clinical findings, we discussed the current opportunities and challenges of targeting lysosomes in human disease.

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