scholarly journals Racial and Neighborhood-level Disparities in COVID-19 Incidence Among Patients on Hemodialysis in New York City

2021 ◽  
pp. ASN.2020111606
Author(s):  
Sri Lekha Tummalapalli ◽  
Jeffrey Silberzweig ◽  
Daniel Cukor ◽  
Jonathan Lin ◽  
Tarek Barbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Minority Status ◽  
Census Tract Level ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Neighborhood Level ◽  
Hispanic White

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disproportionately affected socially disadvantaged populations. Whether disparities in COVID-19 incidence related to race/ethnicity and socioeconomic factors exist in the hemodialysis population is unknown. Methods Our study involved patients receiving in-center hemodialysis in New York City. We used a validated index of neighborhood social vulnerability, the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), which comprises 15 census tract-level indicators organized into four themes: socioeconomic status, household composition and disability, minority status and language, and housing type and transportation. We examined the association of race/ethnicity and the SVI with symptomatic COVID-19 between March 1, 2020, and August 3, 2020. COVID-19 cases were ascertained using PCR testing. We performed multivariable logistic regression to adjust for demographics, individual-level social factors, dialysis-related medical history, and dialysis facility factors. Results Of the 1378 patients on hemodialysis in the study, 247 (17.9%) developed symptomatic COVID-19. In adjusted analyses, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic patients had significantly increased odds of COVID-19 compared with non-Hispanic White patients. Census tract-level overall SVI, modeled continuously or in quintiles, was not associated with COVID-19 in unadjusted or adjusted analyses. Among non-Hispanic White patients, the socioeconomic status SVI theme, the minority status and language SVI theme, and housing crowding were significantly associated with COVID-19 in unadjusted analyses. Conclusions Among patients on hemodialysis in New York City, there were substantial racial/ethnic disparities in COVID-19 incidence not explained by neighborhood-level social vulnerability. Neighborhood-level socioeconomic status, minority status and language, and housing crowding were positively associated with acquiring COVID-19 among non-Hispanic Whites. Our findings suggest that socially vulnerable patients on dialysis face disparate COVID-19-related exposures, requiring targeted risk-mitigation strategies.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy and associated outcomes: results from an ongoing prospective cohort study, New York City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina M. Molenaar ◽  
Anna-Sophie Rommel ◽  
Lotje de Witte ◽  
Siobhan M. Dolan ◽  
Whitney Lieb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
York City ◽  
Caesarean Delivery ◽  
White Women ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Mount Sinai ◽  
Hispanic White

AbstractBackgroundIn May-July 2020 in the New York City area, up to 16% of pregnant women had reportedly been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Prior studies found associations between SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and certain adverse outcomes (e.g., preterm birth, cesarean delivery). These studies relied on reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing to establish SARS-CoV-2 infection. This led to overrepresentation of symptomatic or acutely ill cases in scientific studies.ObjectiveTo expand our understanding of the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy on pregnancy outcomes, regardless of symptomatology and stage of infection, by using serological tests to measure IgG antibody levels.Study DesignThe Generation C Study is an ongoing prospective cohort study conducted at the Mount Sinai Health System. All pregnant women receiving obstetrical care at the Mount Sinai Hospital and Mount Sinai West Hospital from April 20, 2020 onwards are eligible for participation. For the current analysis, we included participants who had given birth to a liveborn singleton infant on or before August 15, 2020. Blood was drawn as part of routine clinical care; for each woman, we tested the latest sample available to establish seropositivity using a SARS-CoV-2 serologic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Additionally, RT-PCR testing was performed on a nasopharyngeal swab taken during labor and delivery. Pregnancy outcomes of interest (i.e., gestational age at delivery, birth weight, mode of delivery, Apgar score, ICU/NICU admission, and neonatal hospital length of stay) and covariates were extracted from electronic medical records. Among all Generation C participants who had given birth by August 15, 2020 (n=708), we established the SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence. Excluding women who tested RT-PCR positive at delivery, we conducted crude and adjusted linear and logistic regression models to compare antibody positive women without RT-PCR positivity at delivery with antibody negative women without RT-PCR positivity at delivery. We stratified analyses by race/ethnicity to examine potential effect modification.ResultsThe SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence based on IgG measurement was 16.4% (n=116, 95% CI 13.7-19.3). Twelve women (1.7%) were SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive at delivery (11 of these women were seropositive). Seropositive women were generally younger, more often Black or Hispanic, and more often had public insurance and higher pre-pregnancy BMI compared with seronegative women. SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity without RT-PCR positivity at delivery was associated with decreased odds of caesarean delivery (aOR 0.48, 95%CI 0.27; 0.84) compared with seronegative women without RT-PCR positivity at delivery. Stratified by race/ethnicity, the association between seropositivity and decreased odds of caesarean delivery remained for non-Hispanic Black/African-American and Hispanic women, but not for non-Hispanic White women. No other pregnancy outcomes differed by seropositivity, overall or stratified by race/ethnicity.ConclusionSeropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 without RT-PCR positivity at delivery, suggesting that infection occurred earlier during pregnancy, was not associated with selected adverse maternal or neonatal outcomes among live births in a cohort sample of women from New York City. While non-Hispanic Black and Latina women in our cohort had a higher rate of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity compared with non-Hispanic White women, we found no increase in adverse maternal or neonatal outcomes among these groups due to infection.

Disentangling the effects of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status of neighborhood in cancer stage distribution in New York City

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1069-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Islami ◽  
Amy R. Kahn ◽  
Nina A. Bickell ◽  
Maria J. Schymura ◽  
Paolo Boffetta
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Cancer Stage ◽  
Stage Distribution ◽  
Race Ethnicity

scholarly journals Differential Risk for Drug Use by Sexual Minority Status among Electronic Dance Music Party Attendees in New York City

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marybec Griffin ◽  
Denton Callander ◽  
Dustin T. Duncan ◽  
Joseph J. Palamar
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
York City ◽  
Minority Status ◽  
Dance Music ◽  
Electronic Dance Music ◽  
Differential Risk

scholarly journals Social Vulnerability Index for the Older People—Hong Kong and New York City as Examples

2014 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 1048-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pui Hing Chau ◽  
Michael K. Gusmano ◽  
Joanna O. Y. Cheng ◽  
Sai Hei Cheung ◽  
Jean Woo
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Older People ◽  
York City ◽  
Social Vulnerability ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Social Vulnerability Index

scholarly journals Coronavirus 2019 and People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Outcomes for Hospitalized Patients in New York City

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 2933-2938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Sigel ◽  
Talia Swartz ◽  
Eddye Golden ◽  
Ishan Paranjpe ◽  
Sulaiman Somani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Abstract Background There are limited data regarding the clinical impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). In this study, we compared outcomes for PLWH with COVID-19 to a matched comparison group. Methods We identified 88 PLWH hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in our hospital system in New York City between 12 March and 23 April 2020. We collected data on baseline clinical characteristics, laboratory values, HIV status, treatment, and outcomes from this group and matched comparators (1 PLWH to up to 5 patients by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and calendar week of infection). We compared clinical characteristics and outcomes (death, mechanical ventilation, hospital discharge) for these groups, as well as cumulative incidence of death by HIV status. Results Patients did not differ significantly by HIV status by age, sex, or race/ethnicity due to the matching algorithm. PLWH hospitalized with COVID-19 had high proportions of HIV virologic control on antiretroviral therapy. PLWH had greater proportions of smoking (P < .001) and comorbid illness than uninfected comparators. There was no difference in COVID-19 severity on admission by HIV status (P = .15). Poor outcomes for hospitalized PLWH were frequent but similar to proportions in comparators; 18% required mechanical ventilation and 21% died during follow-up (compared with 23% and 20%, respectively). There was similar cumulative incidence of death over time by HIV status (P = .94). Conclusions We found no differences in adverse outcomes associated with HIV infection for hospitalized COVID-19 patients compared with a demographically similar patient group.

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