SELECTIVE EFFECTS OF DATURA STRAMONIUM ON THE GRANULAR PARALLEL FIBRES AND PURKINJE CELLS OF THE CEREBELLUM IN WISTAR RATS

The study was designed to find out how oral ingestion of hyoscyamine fraction of D. stramonium seeds affect the DNA profiles patterns and expression of NeuroD1 gene in the hippocampus of adult Wistar rats. Fresh D. stramonium seeds were procured, identified, macerated and fractionated. Thirty-two (32) male adult Wistar rats weighed 200-250 grams were procured and divided into four groups comprised of control and three treatment groups for the study. The control received an equivalent bodyweight of normal saline, while the treatment groups received 200, 400 and 800 mg/kgbwt of hyoscyamine fraction for three weeks respectively. The animals were sacrificed, tissues harvested for histology, gel electrophoresis and gene expression studies. The fold changes were calculated and DNA profiles were determined using LabImage bio-imaging software. One-way ANOVA followed by Fisher’s multiple comparisons post-hoc test was used to obtain the difference in the expression of the gene across the groups using Minitab 17 (LLC., U.K.) statistical package software. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. There was a statistically significant downregulation (p = 0.001) in the NeuroD1 expression, increased DNA fragment size, decreased DNA migration distance and band volume, and necrosis of the dentate gyrus (DG) region in the hippocampus of the treated animals. In conclusion, oral ingestion of hyoscyamine fraction of D. stramonium seeds is toxic to the DNA profile patterns and expression of the NeuroD1 gene in Wistar rats.

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Microanatomical and biochemical changes of the cerebellum following ethanol gavage in adult Wistar rats

Anatomy Journal of Africa ◽

10.4314/aja.v8i2.189708 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 1662-1669

Author(s):

I.M. Usman ◽

I.A. Iliya ◽

A.E. Ivang ◽

F Ssempijja ◽

A.O. Ojewale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Sialic Acid ◽

Purkinje Cells ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Histological Study ◽

Ethanol Exposure ◽

Biochemical Changes ◽

Control Group ◽

Experimental Animals ◽

Dose Dependent

Ethanol consumption has been linked with social and medical problems, coupled with damage of multiple organs including the cerebellum. The present study is aimed at investigating the histological and biochemical changes in the cerebellum of Wistar rats associated with ethanol exposure. The experimental animals were grouped into five groups designated as Group 1 which served as the control group and was given distilled water, Groups 2,3,4 and 5were given 40%, 25%, 12% and 5% v/v of ethanol respectively. Each of the experimental animals was administered 10mls/kg body weight of the stock solution for 42days after which the animals were sacrificed humanely. The cerebellum was removed, fixed in Bouins fluid for histological study while brain homogenates were prepared and used for the biochemical studies. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD Post-Hoc comparison test was used to determine where the difference lies. Oxidative stress studies showed significant increase and decrease in some oxidative stress markers when compared to the control group (p<0.05). The sialic acid studies showed a dose dependent decrease in the mean sialic acid concentration of the cerebellum across the groups when compared to the control (p<0.05). The histological studies showed the following changes; necrotic Purkinje cells with reduced linear distribution of Purkinje cells, in section of the cerebellar tissue of rats in Groups 2 and 3 with sections from Groups 4 and 5 remaining relatively normal when compared to the slide from the control group. Exposure to ethanol from the present studies showed a dose dependent effect on the cerebellum, as manifested in the histological and biochemical studies.Keywords: Ethanol gavage, Histological, Biochemical changes, Cerebellum

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Presynaptic and postsynaptic effects of nitric oxide donors at synapses between parallel fibres and Purkinje cells: involvement in cerebellar long-term depression

Neuroscience ◽

10.1016/s0306-4522(96)00524-6 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 77 (4) ◽

pp. 945-954 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

O Blond ◽

H Daniel ◽

S Otani ◽

D Jaillard ◽

F Crépel

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Purkinje Cells ◽

Nitric Oxide Donors ◽

Long Term Depression ◽

Parallel Fibres

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Anti-Inflammatory activity of seeds extract of datura stramonium against carrageenan induced paw edema on albino wistar rats

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences ◽

10.18231/j.jpbs.2019.007 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 41-46

Author(s):

Vivek Asati ◽

Rishika Agarwal ◽

Ravi Gupta ◽

Rajesh Yadav ◽

Jagdish Chandra Rathi

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Datura Stramonium ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Paw Edema ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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Effect of voluntary running on expression of myokines in brains of rats with depression

International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1177/2058738419833533 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. 205873841983353 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sami A Algaidi ◽

Magda A Eldomiaty ◽

Yasser M Elbastwisy ◽

Shaima M Almasry ◽

Maha K Desouky ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Purkinje Cells ◽

Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Macrophage Migration ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Immunohistochemical Expression ◽

Brain Areas ◽

Voluntary Running ◽

Imagej Software ◽

Endothelial Growth Factor

This study aimed to demonstrate the histopathology and immunoexpression of exercise-derived myokines in dentate gyrus (DG), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and cerebellum of depressed Wistar rats during depression and after practising voluntary running. Depression was developed by forced swimming for 2 weeks. Voluntary running was performed by voluntary running for 3 weeks. Brain sections were processed and immunostained to detect brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). ImageJ software was used to measure the optical density (OD). BDNF was expressed in neurons in DG, mPFC and granular and Purkinje cells in cerebellum. MIF was expressed in neurons of sub-granular zone in DG, mPFC and Purkinje cells. VEGF was expressed in many neurons in DG, mPFC and Purkinje cells. IL-6 was expressed in some neurons in DG, in neuropil of mPFC and in Purkinje cells. In depression, the OD of studied myokines significantly decreased in all examined areas. After voluntary running, the OD of myokines significantly increased in all areas. This study defines the immunohistochemical expression of myokines in brain areas in depression and after voluntary running and reveals the involvement of the mPFC and cerebellum in the pathophysiology of depression.

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