scholarly journals Histological Patterns of Neurodegeneration of Frontal Cortex Neurons in <i>Datura stramonium</i> Treated Wistar Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Etim Ekanem ◽  
Regina Ekanem ◽  
Kidanemariam Gaim
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Datura Stramonium

SELECTIVE EFFECTS OF DATURA STRAMONIUM ON THE GRANULAR PARALLEL FIBRES AND PURKINJE CELLS OF THE CEREBELLUM IN WISTAR RATS

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1450-1455
Author(s):  
Peter E. Ekanem ◽  
◽  
Sunday Abba ◽  
Dare S. Sunday ◽  
Kendi Nyaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Parallel Fibres ◽  
Selective Effects

scholarly journals Long-Term Social Isolation Reduces Expression of the BDNF Precursor and Prolyl Endopeptidase in the Rat Brain

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 704-715
Author(s):  
Sofie D. Shirenova ◽  
Nadezhda N. Khlebnikova ◽  
Nataliya A. Krupina
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Prolyl Endopeptidase ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Early-life stress is a risk factor for the development of behavioral and cognitive disorders in humans and animals. Such stressful situations include social isolation in early postnatal ontogenesis. Behavioral and cognitive impairments associated with neuroplastic changes in brain structures. We have found that after ten weeks of social isolation, male Wistar rats show behavioral abnormalities and cognitive deficit, accompanied by an increase in the relative expression of gene encoding serine protease prolyl endopeptidase (PREP, EC 3.4.21.26) in the brain frontal cortex. The present study aimed to assess synaptophysin (SYP), brain-derived neurotrophic factor precursor (proBDNF), and PREP expression using Western blot in the brain structures – the hippocampus, frontal cortex, and striatum of the rats subjected to prolonged social isolation compared with group-housed animals. Twenty Wistar rats were used for this study (10 males and 10 females). Experimental animals (5 males and 5 females) were kept one per cage for nine months, starting from the age of one month. Ten-month-old socially isolated rats showed memory deficit in passive avoidance paradigm and Morris Water Maze and reactivity to novelty reduction. We used monoclonal antibodies for the Western blot analysis of the expression of SYP, proBDNF, and PREP in the rat brain structures. Social isolation caused a proBDNF expression reduction in the frontal cortex in females and a reduction in PREP expression in the striatum in males. These data suppose that neurotrophic factors and PREP are involved in the mechanisms of behavioral and cognitive impairments observed in the rats subjected to prolonged social isolation with an early life onset.

scholarly journals Preliminary Assessment of DNA Profile Patterns of Neuronal Differentiation Factor (NeuroD1) Gene in the Hippocampus of Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Ingested Hyoscyamine Fraction of Datura stramonium Seeds

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Idris Abdu Tela ◽  
◽  
Sunday Abraham Musa ◽  
Ibrahim Abdullahi Iliya ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Fragment Size ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Oral Ingestion ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Dna Profile ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Gene Expression Studies ◽  
Dna Profiles

The study was designed to find out how oral ingestion of hyoscyamine fraction of D. stramonium seeds affect the DNA profiles patterns and expression of NeuroD1 gene in the hippocampus of adult Wistar rats. Fresh D. stramonium seeds were procured, identified, macerated and fractionated. Thirty-two (32) male adult Wistar rats weighed 200-250 grams were procured and divided into four groups comprised of control and three treatment groups for the study. The control received an equivalent bodyweight of normal saline, while the treatment groups received 200, 400 and 800 mg/kgbwt of hyoscyamine fraction for three weeks respectively. The animals were sacrificed, tissues harvested for histology, gel electrophoresis and gene expression studies. The fold changes were calculated and DNA profiles were determined using LabImage bio-imaging software. One-way ANOVA followed by Fisher’s multiple comparisons post-hoc test was used to obtain the difference in the expression of the gene across the groups using Minitab 17 (LLC., U.K.) statistical package software. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. There was a statistically significant downregulation (p = 0.001) in the NeuroD1 expression, increased DNA fragment size, decreased DNA migration distance and band volume, and necrosis of the dentate gyrus (DG) region in the hippocampus of the treated animals. In conclusion, oral ingestion of hyoscyamine fraction of D. stramonium seeds is toxic to the DNA profile patterns and expression of the NeuroD1 gene in Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Developmental changes in frontocortical morphology and neurochemistry of neonatal rats following gestational nicotine exposure

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 969-976
Author(s):  
Gabriel Olaiya Omotoso ◽  
Adeolu Stephen Alabi ◽  
Oluwole Busayo Akinola ◽  
Bernard Ufuoma Enaibe
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nicotine Exposure ◽  
Nicotine Administration ◽  
Prenatal Nicotine ◽  
Group 1

Exposure of the embryo or foetus to nicotine during development results in some forms of neurological deficits later in life. The current study aimed at determining the effects of prenatal nicotine administration during the 1st and 2nd gestational weeks on the frontal cortex of neonatal Wistar rats. For each week of gestation, pregnant Wistar rats were assigned to 3 groups: a control group (1), and two treated groups (2 and 3), and were given intra-peritoneal nicotine at 6.88 mg/ kg and 13.76 mg/kg doses respectively. The weights of the litters were taken at birth and at postnatal day 4; the whole brain and frontal cortical weights were also assessed. Tissues for histological demonstration were fixed in freshly prepared formol calcium, while specimen for biochemical studies were homogenised and processed for the determination of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) activities. Findings in the treated animals showed low birth weights, raised ALP but reduced MDA, with corresponding alterations in the cortical cytoarchitecture, which could explain some of the pathological basis for the neurobehavioural problems associated with offspring of women smokers.Keywords: Prenatal nicotine, Frontal cortex, Morphology, Histology, ALP, MDA

scholarly journals PRENATAL AND POSTNATAL EFFECT OF LEAD ACETATE ON THE HISTOLOGY OF FRONTAL CORTEX AND MOTOR ACTIVITY IN WISTAR RATS

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
SALEH NUHU ◽  
HAUWA IDRIS AHMAD ◽  
AISHA MUHAMMAD GARBA ◽  
TASIU ABDULLAHI SULAIMAN
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Objectives: The objective of this study was to find the histologic and motor activity effect of lead on prenatally and postnatally exposed Wistar rats. Methods: In this study, twelve Wistar Rats were used and grouped into four groups of two females and one male. Group I rats served as the control and allowed feed and water freely. The rats in Group II were administered 500ppm of Pb through drinking water from gestation day 8 (GD8) to parturition (GD21). While Group III rats were given 500ppm of Pb in drinking water from postnatal day 1 (PND1) to PND21. The rats in the fourth group (Group IV) were given 500ppm of Pb from GD8 to PND21. Palmer grasp reflex was conducted to assess the motor activity of the rat pups. The animals were then humanely sacrificed and the frontal cortices were isolated for routine histological processing. Results: The histological study has shown normal neurons in the control group while degenerating cells exhibiting karyolysis, pyknosis, karyorrhexis, vacuolation were seen in the lead-treated groups. Group II and Group IV showed considerate deficit in their motor activity while Group III showed mild effect. Conclusion: From this study, lead exposure of Wistar rats at both prenatal and postnatal period of development has effect on the histology of the frontal cortex as well as on their motor activity.

Anti-Inflammatory activity of seeds extract of datura stramonium against carrageenan induced paw edema on albino wistar rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Vivek Asati ◽  
Rishika Agarwal ◽  
Ravi Gupta ◽  
Rajesh Yadav ◽  
Jagdish Chandra Rathi
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Catalase activity in cerebellum, hippocampus, frontal cortex and striatum after status epilepticus induced by pilocarpine in Wistar rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 365 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M Freitas ◽  
V.S Nascimento ◽  
S.M.M Vasconcelos ◽  
F.C.F Sousa ◽  
G.S.B Viana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Wistar Rats

scholarly journals Grape juice increases the BDNF levels but not alter the S100B levels in hippocampus and frontal cortex from male Wistar Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
CAROLINE DANI ◽  
ANA CRISTINA ANDREAZZA ◽  
CARLOS ALBERTO GONÇALVES ◽  
FLÁVIO KAPIZINSKI ◽  
JOÃO A. P. HENRIQUES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Male Wistar Rats
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