Sexual Dimorphism in Anthropometric Measurements of Adult Uttarkashi (India) Individuals: A Forensic Anthropological Study

Population-specific anthropometric standards serve as a guide to forensic practitioners for identification purposes. However, few studies have observed on whether the relationship between stature and body parts differs among populations. Our aim is to first assess the validity of using hand and foot dimensions to estimate stature in two geographically similar but linguistically different populations, Sudanese Arabs and Somalis, and then secondly to assess whether the relationship between hand and foot dimensions and stature differ among these populations. Standard anthropometric measurements were used to assess sexual dimorphism. Regressions were performed to establish the relationship between body parts and stature and were compared among the populations to describe the allometry. Comparisons between regression coefficients reveal that 1) stature has the same relationship with hand and foot lengths in each population and 2) the relationship between stature/ hand length and foot length is the same (isometric) in both populations. These results suggest a close affinity between the two groups. Hand and foot length can be used to estimate the stature of individuals but not to identify sex or differentiate one population from the other.

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Estimation of Sexual Dimorphism of the Mandible in Coastal Karnataka and Kerala Populations using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1736270 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kumuda Rao ◽

Mahabalesh Shetty ◽

U. S. Krishna Nayak ◽

G. Subhas Babu ◽

D. Prashanth Shetty ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

The Body ◽

Anthropometric Measurements ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

P Value ◽

Sample Population ◽

Computed Tomography Images

Abstract Objective The mandible has been used for sex determination and forensic identification due to its unique anatomy and morphology. Every part of the mandible is unique, including the shape and size of the temperomandibular joint, the ramus, the body and the symphysis region, and the inferior alveolar canal. In addition, the position and placement of the teeth within their sockets are unique for every individual. Sample Population A study was conducted on 20 males and females to estimate sexual dimorphism using anthropometric measurements obtained by cone beam computed tomography images of the mandible of Karnataka and Kerala populations. Materials and Methods The mean, standard deviation, and standard error along with the confidence interval of different measurements were documented. Various measurements between the sexes were compared using Student's t-test. Association between categorical variables was analyzed using the Chi-square test. A p-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Data were analyzed using statistical SPSS software. Results The p-value of mRBr L, GA L, and GA R among females was significantly higher in the Karnataka population when compared with that in the Kerala population. The Karnataka State population showed significantly higher values of RL R, BiGBr, and BiCBr among males, and the p-value of the Kerala population for GGL L and GGL R was significant and higher among the males. Conclusion The data derived from the above study suggest that the mandibular anthropometric measurements used may be applied for forensic sex estimation.

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Rhomboid fossa and mid shaft circumference of the clavicle - anthropological study in North Karnataka population

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1703912 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 05 (03) ◽

pp. 047-051

Author(s):

Shivarama Bhat ◽

Muhammad Asif ◽

Dinesh Sosalagere Manjegowda ◽

Shetty Radhakrishna ◽

Shivarama C. H.

Keyword(s):

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Forensic Science ◽

South India ◽

Clinical Importance ◽

Relative Degree ◽

Male And Female ◽

Anthropological Study ◽

Molecular Studies ◽

Rhomboid Fossa ◽

Age And Sex

AbstractThe rhomboid fossa of clavicle was studied globally by forensic experts and anthropologists to determine the age and sex. This study was done on samples of human clavicles from North Karnataka of South India to determine the sexual dimorphism which is of anthropological, forensic and clinical importance. In this study mid shaft circumference, morphology of rhomboid fossa of clavicle was analysed. The incidences of rhomboid fossa of depressed and elevated types are seen more in males and smooth and flat types are seen mainly in female clavicles. This study also showed relative degree of sexual dimorphism in the mid shaft circumference of male and female clavicles. Since morphology of rhomboid fossa and mid shaft circumference of clavicles are significantly associated with sex, these results can be correlated with further molecular studies. These results may be used as indicators to determine sex in anthropology and forensic science to aid identification of isolated bone specimens.

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Sexual dimorphism and anthropometric measurements of foot in adult Oyemekun ethnic group population in Akure, South-West Nigeria

10.17352/jbm.000009 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 021-026

Author(s):

SA Adelakun

Keyword(s):

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Ethnic Group ◽

Anthropometric Measurements ◽

South West ◽

Group Population

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Three-dimensional photographic analysis of the face in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion: reference anthropometric measurements

10.21203/rs.2.11339/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

María Luisa Menendez López-Mateos ◽

Javier Carreño-Carreño ◽

Juan Carlos Palma ◽

JOSE ANTONIO ALARCON ◽

Cristina Menendez López-Mateos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Anthropometric Measurements ◽

Southern Spain ◽

Facial Soft Tissue ◽

Lower Lip ◽

Photographic Analysis ◽

Normal Occlusion ◽

The Face

Abstract Background Recent non-invasive 3D photography method has been applied to facial analysis, offering numerous advantages in orthodontic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the faces of a sample of healthy European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion in order to establish reference facial soft tissue anthropometric parameters in this specific geographic-ethnic population, as well as to analyze sexual dimorphism. Methods A sample of 100 healthy adult volunteers consisting of 50 women (mean age, 22.92 ± 1.56 years) and 50 men (mean age, 22.37 ± 2.12 years) were enrolled in this study. All participants had normal occlusion, skeletal Class I, mesofacial pattern, and healthy body mass index. Three-dimensional photographs of the faces were captured non-invasively using Planmeca ProMax 3D ProFace®. Thirty landmarks related to the face, eyes, nose, and orolabial and chin areas were identified. Results Male displayed higher values in all vertical and transversal dimensions, with the exception of the lower lip height. Larger differences between sexes were observed in face, mandible, and nose. Male also had higher values in the angular measurements which referred to the nose. No sex differences were found in transverse upper lip prominence or transverse mandibular prominence. No differences were found in the ratio measurements, with the exception of intercantal width/nasal width, which was higher in women than in men. Conclusions Reference anthropometric measurements of facial soft tissues have been established in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion. Significant sexual dimorphism was found, with remarkable differences in size between sexes.

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Three-dimensional photographic analysis of the face in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion: reference anthropometric measurements

10.21203/rs.2.11339/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

María Luisa Menendez López-Mateos ◽

Javier Carreño Carreño ◽

Juan Carlos Palma ◽

JOSE ANTONIO ALARCON ◽

Cristina Menendez López-Mateos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Anthropometric Measurements ◽

Southern Spain ◽

Facial Soft Tissue ◽

Lower Lip ◽

Photographic Analysis ◽

Normal Occlusion ◽

The Face

Abstract Background Recent non-invasive 3D photography method has been applied to facial analysis, offering numerous advantages in orthodontic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the faces of a sample of healthy European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion in order to establish reference facial soft tissue anthropometric parameters in this specific geographic-ethnic population, as well as to analyze sexual dimorphism. Methods A sample of 100 healthy adult volunteers consisting of 50 women (mean age, 22.92 ± 1.56 years) and 50 men (mean age, 22.37 ± 2.12 years) were enrolled in this study. All participants had normal occlusion, skeletal Class I, mesofacial pattern, and healthy body mass index. Three-dimensional photographs of the faces were captured non-invasively using Planmeca ProMax 3D ProFace®. Thirty landmarks related to the face, eyes, nose, and orolabial and chin areas were identified. Results Male displayed higher values in all vertical and transversal dimensions, with the exception of the lower lip height. Larger differences between sexes were observed in face, mandible, and nose. Male also had higher values in the angular measurements which referred to the nose. No sex differences were found in transverse upper lip prominence or transverse mandibular prominence. No differences were found in the ratio measurements, with the exception of intercantal width/nasal width, which was higher in women than in men. Conclusions Reference anthropometric measurements of facial soft tissues have been established in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion. Significant sexual dimorphism was found, with remarkable differences in size between sexes.

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Three-dimensional photographic analysis of the face in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion: reference anthropometric measurements

10.21203/rs.2.11339/v3 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

María Luisa Menendez López-Mateos ◽

Javier Carreño-Carreño ◽

Juan Carlos Palma ◽

JOSE ANTONIO ALARCON ◽

Cristina Menendez López-Mateos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Anthropometric Measurements ◽

Southern Spain ◽

Facial Soft Tissue ◽

Lower Lip ◽

Photographic Analysis ◽

Normal Occlusion ◽

The Face

Abstract Background Recent non-invasive 3D photography method has been applied to facial analysis, offering numerous advantages in orthodontic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the faces of a sample of healthy European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion in order to establish reference facial soft tissue anthropometric parameters in this specific geographic-ethnic population, as well as to analyze sexual dimorphism. Methods A sample of 100 healthy adult volunteers consisting of 50 women (mean age, 22.92 ± 1.56 years) and 50 men (mean age, 22.37 ± 2.12 years) were enrolled in this study. All participants had normal occlusion, skeletal Class I, mesofacial pattern, and healthy body mass index. Three-dimensional photographs of the faces were captured non-invasively using Planmeca ProMax 3D ProFace®. Thirty landmarks related to the face, eyes, nose, and orolabial and chin areas were identified. Results Male displayed higher values in all vertical and transversal dimensions, with the exception of the lower lip height. Larger differences between sexes were observed in face, mandible, and nose. Male also had higher values in the angular measurements which referred to the nose. No sex differences were found in transverse upper lip prominence or transverse mandibular prominence. No differences were found in the ratio measurements, with the exception of intercantal width/nasal width, which was higher in women than in men. Conclusions Reference anthropometric measurements of facial soft tissues have been established in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion. Significant sexual dimorphism was found, with remarkable differences in size between sexes.

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