scholarly journals Sexual Dimorphism of Anthropometric Measurements of Periorbital Soft Tissues in a Sample of Egyptian Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Rania Abdel-Rahman ◽  
Sherif Amr ◽  
Ahmed Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements

scholarly journals Three-dimensional photographic analysis of the face in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion: reference anthropometric measurements

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Luisa Menendez López-Mateos ◽  
Javier Carreño-Carreño ◽  
Juan Carlos Palma ◽  
JOSE ANTONIO ALARCON ◽  
Cristina Menendez López-Mateos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Photographic Analysis ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
The Face

Abstract Background Recent non-invasive 3D photography method has been applied to facial analysis, offering numerous advantages in orthodontic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the faces of a sample of healthy European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion in order to establish reference facial soft tissue anthropometric parameters in this specific geographic-ethnic population, as well as to analyze sexual dimorphism. Methods A sample of 100 healthy adult volunteers consisting of 50 women (mean age, 22.92 ± 1.56 years) and 50 men (mean age, 22.37 ± 2.12 years) were enrolled in this study. All participants had normal occlusion, skeletal Class I, mesofacial pattern, and healthy body mass index. Three-dimensional photographs of the faces were captured non-invasively using Planmeca ProMax 3D ProFace®. Thirty landmarks related to the face, eyes, nose, and orolabial and chin areas were identified. Results Male displayed higher values in all vertical and transversal dimensions, with the exception of the lower lip height. Larger differences between sexes were observed in face, mandible, and nose. Male also had higher values in the angular measurements which referred to the nose. No sex differences were found in transverse upper lip prominence or transverse mandibular prominence. No differences were found in the ratio measurements, with the exception of intercantal width/nasal width, which was higher in women than in men. Conclusions Reference anthropometric measurements of facial soft tissues have been established in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion. Significant sexual dimorphism was found, with remarkable differences in size between sexes.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional photographic analysis of the face in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion: reference anthropometric measurements

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Luisa Menendez López-Mateos ◽  
Javier Carreño Carreño ◽  
Juan Carlos Palma ◽  
JOSE ANTONIO ALARCON ◽  
Cristina Menendez López-Mateos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Photographic Analysis ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
The Face

Abstract Background Recent non-invasive 3D photography method has been applied to facial analysis, offering numerous advantages in orthodontic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the faces of a sample of healthy European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion in order to establish reference facial soft tissue anthropometric parameters in this specific geographic-ethnic population, as well as to analyze sexual dimorphism. Methods A sample of 100 healthy adult volunteers consisting of 50 women (mean age, 22.92 ± 1.56 years) and 50 men (mean age, 22.37 ± 2.12 years) were enrolled in this study. All participants had normal occlusion, skeletal Class I, mesofacial pattern, and healthy body mass index. Three-dimensional photographs of the faces were captured non-invasively using Planmeca ProMax 3D ProFace®. Thirty landmarks related to the face, eyes, nose, and orolabial and chin areas were identified. Results Male displayed higher values in all vertical and transversal dimensions, with the exception of the lower lip height. Larger differences between sexes were observed in face, mandible, and nose. Male also had higher values in the angular measurements which referred to the nose. No sex differences were found in transverse upper lip prominence or transverse mandibular prominence. No differences were found in the ratio measurements, with the exception of intercantal width/nasal width, which was higher in women than in men. Conclusions Reference anthropometric measurements of facial soft tissues have been established in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion. Significant sexual dimorphism was found, with remarkable differences in size between sexes.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional photographic analysis of the face in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion: reference anthropometric measurements

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Luisa Menendez López-Mateos ◽  
Javier Carreño-Carreño ◽  
Juan Carlos Palma ◽  
JOSE ANTONIO ALARCON ◽  
Cristina Menendez López-Mateos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Photographic Analysis ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
The Face

Abstract Background Recent non-invasive 3D photography method has been applied to facial analysis, offering numerous advantages in orthodontic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the faces of a sample of healthy European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion in order to establish reference facial soft tissue anthropometric parameters in this specific geographic-ethnic population, as well as to analyze sexual dimorphism. Methods A sample of 100 healthy adult volunteers consisting of 50 women (mean age, 22.92 ± 1.56 years) and 50 men (mean age, 22.37 ± 2.12 years) were enrolled in this study. All participants had normal occlusion, skeletal Class I, mesofacial pattern, and healthy body mass index. Three-dimensional photographs of the faces were captured non-invasively using Planmeca ProMax 3D ProFace®. Thirty landmarks related to the face, eyes, nose, and orolabial and chin areas were identified. Results Male displayed higher values in all vertical and transversal dimensions, with the exception of the lower lip height. Larger differences between sexes were observed in face, mandible, and nose. Male also had higher values in the angular measurements which referred to the nose. No sex differences were found in transverse upper lip prominence or transverse mandibular prominence. No differences were found in the ratio measurements, with the exception of intercantal width/nasal width, which was higher in women than in men. Conclusions Reference anthropometric measurements of facial soft tissues have been established in European adults from southern Spain with normal occlusion. Significant sexual dimorphism was found, with remarkable differences in size between sexes.

scholarly journals Correlations of basal cranial structures characteristics determined by Bjork and Jarabak methods with teleradiographic parameters of the upper and lower jaws and tooth location in young men and young women with orthognathic occlusion

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
V. V. Vakhovskyi ◽  
М. М. Shinkaruk-Dykovytska ◽  
A. V. Pogorila ◽  
O. O. Likhitskyi ◽  
I. V. Gunas
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Cephalometric Analysis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
The Face ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Software License

The widespread use of methods of cephalometric analysis in practical orthodontics requires the adaptation of normative indicators for members of the local ethnic group. It is also important to study the relationships between cranial and odontometric parameters to understand the effects of these components on each other. The aim of the study was to establish the peculiarities of correlations between the characteristics of basal cranial structures determined by Bjork and Jarabak methods with teleradiographic parameters of the upper and lower jaws and the location of teeth in Ukrainian young men and young women with orthognathic occlusion. Teleradiography was performed in the mode of cephalometric examination of 49 young men (aged 17 to 21 years) and 76 young women (aged 16 to 20 years) who had a physiological bite as close as possible to orthognathic. Cephalometric analysis according to modifications of Jarabak J. R. – Roth-Jarabak and Bjork A. – CFT-Bjork methods, performed using OnyxCeph³™ software, 3DPro version, Image Instruments GmbH, Germany (software license № URSQ-1799). All indicators were divided into three groups according to Dmitriev M. O. (2017): the first group included metric characteristics of the skull, which are used as basic indicators in the methods of cephalometric analysis; to the second group – dental-maxillary in which the skeleton has already been formed and which surgical methods can change the length, width, angles and positions of the upper and lower jaws; to the third group – indicators that actually characterize the position of each individual tooth relative to each other, cranial structures and the profile of the soft tissues of the face. Correlation assessment was performed in the license package "Statistica 6.0" using the non-parametric Spearman method. As a result of the conducted researches in Ukrainian young men and young women with orthognathic occlusion the peculiarities of multiple correlations of characteristics of basal cranial structures determined by CFT-Bjork and Roth-Jarabak methods with teleradiographic parameters of upper and lower jaws and tooth location were established. Both the CFT-Bjork method and the Roth-Jarabak method have more reliable correlations in both young men and young women between the first and second groups (23.3 % for young men and 50.0 % for young women for CFT-Bjork and 48.4 % for young men and 41.1% for young women according to Roth-Jarabak) than between the indicators of the first and third groups (respectively 12.8 % for young men and 7.7 % for young women for CFT-Bjork and 22.5 % for young men and 12.5 % for young women for Roth-Jarabak). The expressed manifestations of sexual dimorphism of the received correlations between the indicators defined by CFT-Bjork and Roth-Jarabak methods both on quantity and force, and in some cases on a direction of correlations are established.

scholarly journals Stature Estimation from Hand and Foot Dimensions Reveals a Similar Allometric Relationship in Sudanese Arabs and Somalis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.V. Ramirez Rozzi ◽  
D. Gassimalla ◽  
N. Abdalazeem ◽  
F. Elamin
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
The Other ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Allometric Relationship ◽  
Foot Length ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Hand Length ◽  
The Relationship

Population-specific anthropometric standards serve as a guide to forensic practitioners for identification purposes. However, few studies have observed on whether the relationship between stature and body parts differs among populations. Our aim is to first assess the validity of using hand and foot dimensions to estimate stature in two geographically similar but linguistically different populations, Sudanese Arabs and Somalis, and then secondly to assess whether the relationship between hand and foot dimensions and stature differ among these populations. Standard anthropometric measurements were used to assess sexual dimorphism. Regressions were performed to establish the relationship between body parts and stature and were compared among the populations to describe the allometry. Comparisons between regression coefficients reveal that 1) stature has the same relationship with hand and foot lengths in each population and 2) the relationship between stature/ hand length and foot length is the same (isometric) in both populations. These results suggest a close affinity between the two groups. Hand and foot length can be used to estimate the stature of individuals but not to identify sex or differentiate one population from the other.

scholarly journals Estimation of Sexual Dimorphism of the Mandible in Coastal Karnataka and Kerala Populations using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumuda Rao ◽  
Mahabalesh Shetty ◽  
U. S. Krishna Nayak ◽  
G. Subhas Babu ◽  
D. Prashanth Shetty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Computed Tomography Images

Abstract Objective The mandible has been used for sex determination and forensic identification due to its unique anatomy and morphology. Every part of the mandible is unique, including the shape and size of the temperomandibular joint, the ramus, the body and the symphysis region, and the inferior alveolar canal. In addition, the position and placement of the teeth within their sockets are unique for every individual. Sample Population A study was conducted on 20 males and females to estimate sexual dimorphism using anthropometric measurements obtained by cone beam computed tomography images of the mandible of Karnataka and Kerala populations. Materials and Methods The mean, standard deviation, and standard error along with the confidence interval of different measurements were documented. Various measurements between the sexes were compared using Student's t-test. Association between categorical variables was analyzed using the Chi-square test. A p-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Data were analyzed using statistical SPSS software. Results The p-value of mRBr L, GA L, and GA R among females was significantly higher in the Karnataka population when compared with that in the Kerala population. The Karnataka State population showed significantly higher values of RL R, BiGBr, and BiCBr among males, and the p-value of the Kerala population for GGL L and GGL R was significant and higher among the males. Conclusion The data derived from the above study suggest that the mandibular anthropometric measurements used may be applied for forensic sex estimation.

A Quantitative Three-Dimensional Assessment of Abnormal Variations in the Facial Soft Tissues of Individuals with down Syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiarella Sforza ◽  
Claudia Dellavia ◽  
Claudia Dolci ◽  
Elena Donetti ◽  
Virgilio F. Ferrario
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Variability Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Facial Soft Tissues

Objective To supply quantitative information about the facial soft tissues of subjects with Down syndrome by using summary anthropometric measurements. Design, Setting, and Patients The three-dimensional coordinates of soft tissue facial landmarks were obtained using a computerized digitizer in 28 subjects with Down syndrome (11 girls and women and 17 boys and men aged 12 to 45 years) and 429 healthy controls matched for sex, age, and ethnicity. From the landmarks, 18 facial dimensions were calculated. Data were compared with those collected in healthy individuals by computing z-scores. Two summary anthropometric measurements for quantifying craniofacial variations were assessed in both the subjects with Down syndrome and the reference subjects: the mean z-score (an index of overall facial size) and its standard deviation, craniofacial variability index (an index of facial harmony). Results In subjects with Down syndrome, facial size was smaller than in normal individuals, and in 17 subjects the mean z-score fell outside the normal interval (mean ± 2 SD). Twenty subjects had a craniofacial variability index larger than the normal interval. Conclusions The facial soft tissue structures of subjects with Down syndrome differed from those of normal controls of the same age, sex, and ethnic group: a reduced facial size was coupled with a global anomalous relationship between individual measurements. The two indices allowed discriminating more than 89% of subjects with Down syndrome when compared with normal subjects.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF UNDIFFERENTIATED CONNECTIVE TISSUE DYSPLASIA ON SOLID DYSMORPHOGENESIS AND SOFT TISSUES OF THE HEAD AND KEFALOMETRIC INDICATORS OF RESIDENTS OF THE KHMAO – YUGRA 17–20 YEARS

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Natalya Aleksandrovna Ilyushchenko ◽  
◽  
Vladislav Dmitrievich Zinchenko ◽  
Igor Andreevich Shevnin
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Brain Parts ◽  
Khanty Mansi Autonomous

As a result of the study, it was found that 94.4% of boys and girls of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Ugra have signs of dysmorphogenesis of hard and soft tissues of the head. In 76% of the examined, connective tissue dysplasia was established. In representatives with connective tissue dysplasia, the signs of dysmorphogenesis of the facial and brain parts of the head are only combined, have sexual dimorphism and are very diverse, aff ecting all areas of the brain and facial parts of the head. The presence of a dysplastic phenotype does not aff ect individual dimensional characteristics of the brain and facial parts of the head, but it aff ects the morphotypological characteristics of these departments and their gender diff erences.

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