scholarly journals STRUCTURAL FACTORS OF LANGUAGE PREFERENTIAL POLICY IN MULTIETHNIC REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION (A CASE STUDY OF THE TATAR LANGUAGE)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Karina Tarkasheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Preferential Policy

Localization of Ethnic Groups in the Regions as a Factor in Cross-Regional Variations in Voting for United Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-153
Author(s):  
Eleonora Minaeva ◽  
Petr Panov
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Political Mobilization ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Regional Variations ◽  
Political Machines ◽  
Ethnic Networks ◽  
Electoral Authoritarianism ◽  
Administrative Unit ◽  
The Russian Federation

Abstract In the context of electoral authoritarianism, political mobilization is likely to be a more reasonable explanation of cross-regional variations in voting for the party of power than the diversity of the regions’ policy preferences. In the Russian Federation, the political machines which coordinate various activities aimed at mobilizing people to vote for United Russia demonstrate different degrees of effectiveness. This article examines the structural factors that facilitate machine politics focusing on ethnic networks. Although strong ethnic networks are more likely to arise if the members of an ethnic group live close to each other, and at the same time separately from other ethnic groups, so far researchers have neglected to consider the localization of ethnic groups within the territory of an administrative unit as a factor. In order to fill the gap, we have created an original geo-referenced dataset of the localization of non-Russian ethnic groups within every region of the Russian Federation, and developed special GIS (geographic information systems) techniques and tools to measure them in relation to the Russian population. This has made it possible to include the localization of ethnic groups as a variable in the study of cross-regional differences in voting for United Russia. Our analysis finds that the effect of non-Russians’ share of the population on voting for UR increases significantly if non-Russian groups are at least partially geographically segregated from Russians within a region.

scholarly journals TRANSARCTIC PERSPECTIVES OF IBERO-AMERICA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4(73)) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
E.O. Labeckaya
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Energy Transport ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Global Competition ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Transnational Space

Through the concept of transnational space and “case-study” method, the prospects for the involvement of Ibero-America in the virtual Trans-Arctic, which is turning into a geoeconomic and geopolitical "bond" of two neighboring spaces – Trans-Atlantic and Trans-Pacific – are considered. The strengthening of Iberoamerican states’ presence in the Trans-Arctic will be a factor in increasing their ratings in the global hierarchy, will provide them with new geopolitical advantages for global competition, will strengthen comprehensive security (economic, environmental, energy, transport and logistics, food, water). In the context of the Arctic interests of Ibero-America, special attention is paid to options for possible "win-win" cooperation in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, including taking into account the potential of BRICS and its "outreach" and "BRICS +" platforms. Highlighted fundamental legal differences between Trans-Arctic and Antarctic. The Arctic prospects of Brazil as a channel for the realization of the circumpolar interests of the Iberoamerican states are emphasized

scholarly journals Addressing local government issues in the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation during the implementation of municipal reform in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-147
Author(s):  
Aleksey Andreevich Amiantov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Constitutional Principle ◽  
Municipal Reform ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
Legal Consequences

The presented study is devoted to the study of the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in relation to issues of local self-government in the context of the municipal reform of 2014-2015. and its legal consequences. The aim of this work is to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on the identified problems of the work of local authorities in the period following the start of municipal reform. The research methodology is built by combining descriptive analysis elements and a case study. It is concluded that the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation has consistently maintained its position on the constitutional nature of the reform of local authorities. The provisions of the relevant regulatory legal acts are limited only partially and only in relation to first-level municipalities - municipal authorities of settlements. Given the deprivation of the latter a significant part of the powers and the observed transition to a singlelevel system of local self-government, the adoption of these restrictions does not significantly affect the implementation of the reform. Of fundamental importance is the position of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation regarding the new powers of regional authorities in relation to municipalities. The increase in the arsenal of legal instruments of the influence of the leadership of the constituent entities of the federation on the heads of local self-government was not interpreted as a violation of the constitutional principle of the independence of municipalities. The latter opens up the possibility for further legalization of the process of embedding municipal bodies in the structure of the informal “power vertical”.

Staffing Processes for Tourism Development in the Municipalities of the Russian Federation

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Фролова ◽  
Elena Frolova ◽  
Кабанова ◽  
E. Kabanova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Staff Support ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
State Research ◽  
Municipal Employees ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article is devoted the problem of management — staffing processes for tourism development in the municipalities of the Russian Federation. In modern Russian conditions the need for the development of tourist attractiveness of municipalities is one of the priorities of social and economic problems of the state. Research methods include the results of a poll of experts (heads of local authorities), as well as a case study “Human resources of local authorities”, conducted by the All-Russian Council of Local Self-Government. The author proves the necessity of improving the staffing process of tourism development. The following recommendations have been developed: the organization of practice-oriented training for municipal employees; Enhanced staff support tourism development processes (creation of the structure of the local administration of the Department of Tourism, the allocation of staff units directly involved in the development of this sector on the territory of the municipality).

scholarly journals ‘Rules of the game’ in cross-border cooperation: legal-administrative differences in Finnish–Russian crime prevention

2016 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Liisa Heusala ◽  
Jarmo Koistinen
Keyword(s):  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Cross Border Cooperation

The article illuminates the dynamics of bilateral cross-border cooperation between two vastly different legal-administrative partners. The analysis utilizes empirical findings of a case study on bilateral Finnish–Russian crime prevention cooperation. Currently, both the differences in national legislations and the fast-changing administrative environment make this cooperation challenging. The case study showed that bilateral cooperation, which is the dominant form of cooperation between EU member states and Russia, is currently affected by disjointed and even competing multilateral and bilateral structures, differences in criminal law and procedure, gaps between international treaties and national legislation, local and regional variations of practices, weak institutional trust and abrupt policy changes. The results indicate that the effectiveness of cross-border networks cannot be assessed strictly in terms of quantitative outcomes. Further long-term development of the cooperation requires both realistic understanding of legal-administrative constraints and strong commitment at the national and supranational political levels. Points for practitioners Future long-term development of cross-border crime prevention cooperation between EU member countries and the Russian Federation requires more flexible crime prevention instruments and institutionalization of joint investigation teams. The optimal model in joint criminal investigations with Russian authorities could be one where the evidence of the protocol of the preliminary investigation could be acquired through direct regional connections between authorities. In practice, this requires a much stronger practical trust between different levels of authorities in the EU member countries and the Russian Federation, reconciliation of differences in national legislations and long-term political commitment at the highest level.

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