scholarly journals How to use Voluntary, Self-Regulatory and Alernative Environmental Compliance Tools: Some Lessons Learnt

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Johan N Nel ◽  
Jan-Albert Wessels
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Environmental Management Systems ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Legal Compliance ◽  
Environmental Enforcement ◽  
Enforcement Effort ◽  
Framework Conditions ◽  
And Control

A number of alternative environmental enforcement tools are available that may be used to enhance the environmental enforcement effort in South Africa.  Current debate focuses on which tools work effectively and the reasons for their success.  The debate is however dominated by issues concerning policy challenges, such as the adoption of alternative tools and necessary arrangements to ensure these tools contribute to overall environmental enforcement performance.  In order to contribute to the debate and stimulate further debate, this article offers a typology of alternative enforcement tool categories, lists the generally argued benefits and disadvantages of both command and control approaches and alternative enforcement tools, offers framework conditions for the successful adoption and use of some of the enforcement tools, and explores empirical and other evidence to determine whether environmental management systems are adequately able to drive sustained and consistent legal compliance.  A South African case study is also presented to illustrate the manner in which a combination of alternative enforcement tools may be integrated with command and control tools to ensure consistent and sustained legal compliance.

scholarly journals A discussion on the resilience of command and control regulation within regulatory behavior theories

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
K.P.V. O’Sullivan ◽  
Darragh Flannery
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Choice Behavior ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Internet Regulation ◽  
Regulatory Behavior ◽  
Control Regulation ◽  
Behavior Theories ◽  
And Control

This paper provides the first insights into the factors that may drive the resilience of command and control regulation in modern policy making. We show how the forces of uncertainty and internal dynamics among customers, producers and regulators are the most dominate factors preventing the adoption of non-CAC regulations. Using case study evidence of internet regulation, we then integrate our analysis into the most prominent regulatory choice behavior theories and illustrate that regardless of the theory, these factors can help explain the dominance of command and control as a choice of regulation.

Distributed Situation Awareness in Command and Control: A Case Study in the Energy Distribution Domain

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Salmon ◽  
Neville A. Stanton ◽  
Guy H. Walker ◽  
Chris Baber ◽  
Richard McMaster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
And Control

Distributed situation awareness in command and control: A case study in the energy distribution domain

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Salmon ◽  
Neville A. Stanton ◽  
Guy H. Walker ◽  
Chris Baber ◽  
Richard McMaster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
And Control

Digital technologies and the balance between control and empowerment in performance management

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirik Bådsvik Hamre Korsen ◽  
Marte Daae-Qvale Holmemo ◽  
Jonas A. Ingvaldsen
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Performance Measurement System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Control

Purpose This paper aims to explore how manufacturing organisations’ performance measurement and management (PMM) systems are evolving when digital technologies (DTs) are deployed. It focusses on the operational level, asking whether DTs are used to promote command-and-control or empowerment-oriented performance management. Design/methodology/approach The findings are based on a single case study from a department of a Norwegian electrochemical plant. The department recently implemented a performance measurement system (PMS) supported by DTs to capture, analyse and visualise close-to-real-time performance data on individuals and teams. The authors analysed both the management practices associated with the new PMS and how those related to other PMM-subsystems in the organisation. Findings When seen in isolation, the new PMS was used to promote empowerment and operators reported a significant increase in perceived psychological empowerment. However, other parts of the organisation’s PMM system remained control-oriented, so that the overall balance between control and empowerment remained stable. Practical implications New PMSs might be added to support local needs and create arenas for empowerment without disturbing the overall balance in the PMM system. Originality/value Building on the insights from the case study, the authors propose that DTs may be deployed to promote both command-and-control and empowerment within different PMM subsystems in the same organisation. Hence, the deployment of DTs is likely to have contradictory effects, which are best understood through a “system of systems” perspective on PMMs.

scholarly journals The management of information security: A South African case study

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C.H. Fourie
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
South African ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Current State ◽  
Secure Information ◽  
Manufacturing Company ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Ideal

The growing misuse of information technology and the increased dependence on computer technology and systems heightened the requirements for information security. Unfortunately there often is a feeling of apathy towards information security by management, which leads to an ad hoc approach to information security and resultant information and financial losses.The main objective of the research thus was to determine the current state of information security at a large manufacturing company in South Africa. The methodology entailed a field study of which three sets of structured questionnaires on information security were an important component. Based on a literature study concerning the ideal information security and control situation and the results of the three sets of questionnaires it was possible to determine the gap, problem areas and issues of information security and control at the manufacturing company. The research clearly indicated that numerous areas for improvement exist and therefore proposes a framework for the management of information security. Although a completely secure information system may not be attainable, the valuable information asset can to a large extent be protected through proper management.

Militia Command and Control in the Chinese National Revolution, Hunan 1926-1927

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-231
Author(s):  
Edward A. McCord
Keyword(s):  
Political Competition ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Official Control ◽  
Party Activists ◽  
And Control ◽  
Elite Influence

Abstract This article uses a case study of Hunan province to examine the role of militia in the struggle for the control of local society during the 1926-1927 National Revolution. Although the Nationalist and Communist Parties both agreed on the need eliminate militia leadership by “local bullies and evil gentry,” differences quickly arose over how to reconstruct militia following this action. Nationalist Party activists tended to favor a “statist” approach that would replace abusive militia leaders with “upright” local elites but place them under stricter and more direct official control. Communist Party activists in contrast sought a “popular” mass militia free of elite influence and controlled by new peasant and worker unions. As such, this struggle over militia command and control became a key component in the broader political competition between the two parties and their alternative revolutionary visions.

scholarly journals RUSSIAN ELECTRONIC WARFARE CAPABILITIES AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR EUROPEAN STRATEGIC STABILITY: A CASE STUDY OF THE SYRIAN CONFLICT

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Cristina Marzal ◽  
Guillem Colom-Piella
Keyword(s):  
Command And Control ◽  
Electronic Warfare ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Strategic Stability ◽  
Increasing Risk ◽  
Attack And Defense ◽  
Syrian Conflict ◽  
And Control

The Russian intervention in Syria, as well as the associated deployment of electronic warfare systems, generated alarm among NATO members linked to the possibility that a strengthening of electronic warfare capabilities by Russia could reduce the current technological asymmetry in favor of NATO. Such reduction would come from the use of electronic warfare systems to hamper the command and control capacity of attack and defense systems. This paper analyses the Russian intervention in Syria in order to define whether it can be understood that there is an increasing risk to Euro-Atlantic security stemming from Russian advances in electronic warfare.

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