Influence of growth regulators and explants on shoot regeneration in carnation

The influence of growth regulators, explants and their interactions on in vitro shoot bud formation from callus was studied in Dianthus caryophyllus L. The leaf and internode explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing different concentrations of growth regulators. The highest callus induction was observed with 2 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 1 mg/l benzyl adenine (BA). Out of twenty seven shoot regeneration media tested, only 2 mg/l thidiazuron (TDZ) and zeatin alone or in combination with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and/or indole acetic acid (IAA) could differentiate calli. The highest average number of shoots was observed with 2 mg/l TDZ and 1 mg/l IAA. Significant differences were observed in calli producing shoots and number of shoots per callus in the explants of leaf and internode. The shoots were elongated and multiplied on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BA and solidified with 1% agar. The shoots were rooted and hardened with 76% survival success in pots after six weeks of transfer to the pots.

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In vitro callus induction of gerbera from leaf explant

International Journal of Advanced Geosciences ◽

10.14419/ijag.v8i1.30000 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Sadia Afrin Jui ◽

Md. Mijanur Rahman Rajib ◽

M. Mofazzal Hossain ◽

Sharmila Rani Mallik ◽

Iffat Jahan Nur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Callus Induction ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Leaf Explant ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Indole 3 Acetic Acid

The experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of growth regulators on leaf explant of Gerbera for callus induction. Various kinds of plant growth regulators such as 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D), Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were used to initiate cultures. These were added to Murashige and Skoog medium in different combinations and concentrations. Leaf explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with BAP+ 2, 4-D+ IAA in T4 treatment & BAP+ 2,4-D in T5 treatment showed the best results for callus induction. On the other hand callus was induced early in the combination of BA+ 2,4-D + IAA hormone in T5, T9 & T8 treatment respectively. The rate of callus induction was very low in BA + NAA combinations but it was much earlier.

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Plant Regeneration of Pampas Grass from Immature Inflorescences Cultured in Vitro

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.7.841 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (7) ◽

pp. 841-843 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

C.D. Robacker ◽

W.L. Corley

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Plant Regeneration ◽

Developmental Stage ◽

Shoot Regeneration ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulator ◽

Basal Medium ◽

Cortaderia Selloana ◽

Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

A micropropagation system to obtain plants from inflorescences of pampas grass (Cortaderia selloana Schult. `Pumila') was developed. Factors examined included developmental stage of inflorescence cultured and growth regulator combinations and concentrations that support explant establishment, shoot regeneration, and rooting. Immature inflorescences ≈300 mm long formed many shoot primordia when initially cultured on Murashige and Skoog basal medium containing 4.5 μm 2,4-D and 8.9 μm BA and subcultured to medium with 0.4 μm 2,4-D and 4.4 μm BA. Thereafter, monthly transfer to a medium without growth regulators yielded about three shoots per tube per month for more than 6 months. Most shoots rooted spontaneously and were easily hardened to greenhouse conditions. Field-tested plants flowered within 2 years and nearly all appeared identical to the parent cultivar. With this technique, several thousand plants can be obtained from a single inflorescence in 1 year. Chemical names used: N -(phenylmethyl)-1 H -purine-6-amine (BA); (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-D).

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Bulblet regeneration from ex vitro root explant in lily hybrids

Horticultural Science ◽

10.17221/7/2008-hortsci ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 35 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 107-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. Kapoor ◽

S. Kumar ◽

K. Kanwar J

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Middle Zone ◽

Ex Vitro ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Root Segments ◽

Root Explant

The influence of growth regulators on in vitro bulblet formation from ex vitro roots was studied in asiatic and oriental hybrids of Lilium The root segments (3–4 mm) isolated from the middle zone of 2–3 cm ex vitro root were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 1 or 1.5 mg/dm3 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and/or benzyladenine (BA). Bulblets were not produced in the presence of NAA and BA alone. A significant increase in the per cent explants producing bulblets was observed with 1.5 mg/dm3 NAA and 1 mg/dm3 BA. Maximum number of bulblets and average fresh weight per bulblet was observed with 2 mg/dm3 NAA and 1.5 mg/dm3 BA after 90 days of culture. No differences were found among cultivars in bulblet regeneration of explant or bulblet number although more weighty bulblets occurred in cv. Apeldoorn. About 82% bulblet survival was recorded in coco peat after 30 days of transfer to pots.

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Challenges and Opportunity of in vitro Propagation of Paulownia tomentosa Steud for Commercial Production in Nepal

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/ijasbt.v4i2.14752 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 155-160

Author(s):

Lila Bahadur Magar ◽

Nisha Shrestha ◽

Saraswoti Khadka ◽

Jay Raj Joshi ◽

Jibaraj Acharya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

In Vitro Propagation ◽

Culture Media ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Royalty Rate ◽

Paulownia Tomentosa ◽

Shoot Bud ◽

Plastic Bags

Paulownia tomentosa Steud is a fast growing multipurpose tree. In vitro propagation using nodal explants of Paulownia tomentosa was performed by manipulating amount of cytokinin and auxin in culture media. Shoot bud proliferation from explants were assessed in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various amounts of hormones such as a) 0.5-2.5 mg/l benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.1 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), b) 0.5-2.5 mg/l BAP and 0.5-2.5 mg/l kinetin (KN) and c) 0.5- 2.5 mg/l BAP and 0.1 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). In the present study, we found that hormone combination of BAP and NAA gave optimum growth results. MS medium enriched with 2.0 mg/l BAP and 0.1 mg/l IAA resulted a similar outcome but took 3-4 weeks with respect to the same medium enriched with 1.0 mg/ml BAP and 0.1 mg/ml NAA, which showed response within 2-3 weeks. Shoot length of 2.5-3.5 cm with 3-4 nodes and 8-12 leaves were obtained on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BAP and 0.1 mg/l NAA. The acclimatization of explants was done in a polyhouse at 20±5oC for 2-6 weeks. Rooting has been induced in nonsterile sand. Rooted plants were transferred to plastic bags containing mixture of soil, sand and compost in the ratio of 1:1:1.Besides aforementioned issues, there are several other challenges associated with in vitro propagation of P. tomentosa. The plants were established (90%) on MS medium enriched with BAP and NAA and adapted ex vitro with surviving up to 80%. People received an opportunity with this plant because it grows fast and can generate income in 10 years in comparison with others, but at the same time people also have been facing the challenges for plantation of P. tomentosa as government of Nepal does not formulate necessary national policies, legislations and regulatory frameworks in its favor. Thus, system should be developed to set royalty rate of P. tomentosa recognizing its lifetime value.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(2): 155-160

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In vitro studies to produce double haploid in Indica hybrid rice

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-011-0129-8 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 66 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Piyachai Premvaranon ◽

Suchada Vearasilp ◽

Sa-nguansak Thanapornpoonpong ◽

Dumnern Karladee ◽

Shela Gorinstein

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Double Haploid ◽

Activated Charcoal ◽

Hybrid Rice ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽

Indica Hybrid Rice

AbstractThe aim of this investigation was to improve in vitro the technique of production of double haploid in Indica hybrid rice by combining anther culture, hormone shock and doubling chromosome. It was discussed how to avoid somaclonal variation during culturing and to reduce the time of this process. The anthers of KDML 105 × SPR 1 (Indica × Indica) were cultured in Linsmaier and Skoog (LS) medium, which contained nutrients, growth regulators [(2,4,-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)] and organic compounds, and then subcultured by inducing embryo-like structure (ELS) LS media. During 4 weeks used LS media supplemented with 10 μM KNO3 + 2 mg/L 2,4-D + 2 mg/L NAA + 20% coconut water + 1 mg/L of activated charcoal had induced high embryogenic frequent callus with length of 4–5 mm. The supplementation of 0.2 g/L colchicine and 100 μM 2,4-D was the most efficient in LS media. Over 70% of viable double haploid ELS were produced in 8 weeks and subcultured only twice compared with conventional anther which takes more than 12 weeks. This new technique can therefore be applied to rice in order in shorten time to produce higher number of double haploid plantlets.

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Optimizing concentrations of growth regulators for in-vitro ginger propagation

Journal of Agrobiology ◽

10.2478/s10146-009-0009-9 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 61-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chukwuemeka Nkere ◽

Egbichi Mbanaso

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Root Development ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Media Composition ◽

Regeneration Rate ◽

The Cost ◽

Shoot Tip Explants

Optimizing concentrations of growth regulators for in-vitro ginger propagationThe study evaluates the performance of ginger in media containing different concentrations of growth regulators. Twenty-eight different treatment combinations of benzylaminopurine (BAP) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) incorporated into Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium were evaluated for optimal media composition for ginger micropropagation. The combination of 0.05 mgl-1 NAA and 4.0 mgl-1 BAP gave the highest shoot regeneration rate of 4.25. However, this did not differ significantly (p>0.05) from the result (3.38) from 0.05 mgl-1 NAA and 1.0 mgl-1 BAP. Considering the performance of the shoot tip explants in media and the need to lower the cost of micropropagation, the latter combination (0.05 mgl-1 NAA and 1.0 mgl-1 BAP) with 80 percent explant survival, gave an appropriate concentration of growth regulators in media composition for ginger propagation. This combination also supported root development, and perhaps would eliminate the stage of in vitro rooting.

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Optimizing the concentrations of plant growth regulators for in vitro shoot cultures, callus induction and shoot regeneration from calluses of grapes

OENO One ◽

10.20870/oeno-one.2015.49.1.95 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 37 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nadra Khan ◽

Maqsood Ahmed ◽

Ishfaq Hafiz ◽

Nadeem Abbasi ◽

Shaghef Ejaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shoot Regeneration ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Callus Induction ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Shoot Cultures ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Grape Cultivar ◽

Half Strength ◽

Number Of Shoots

Aim: To optimize the concentrations of growth regulators in the media for the proficient micropropagation of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. King’s Ruby.Methods and results: Apical meristems of the grape cultivar were used to establish in vitro shoot cultures. Nodal explants, each containing an axillary bud, taken from in vitro grown shoots were inoculated in shoot proliferation medium, i.e., half strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with benzyl aminopurine (BAP), kinetin, glycine and gibberellic acid (GA3). A higher number of shoots (5.33) with greater shoot length (2.75 cm) was produced in the medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 BAP and 0.1 mg L-1 GA3. Calluses were induced from leaf explants taken from in vitro grown shoots. Callus induction was greater (73.00%) on the medium containing 2.0 mg L-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 0.3 mg L-1 BAP and 0.2 mg L-1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The maximum frequency of shoot regeneration (53.33%) was achieved on the medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L-1 BAP and 0.5 mg L-1 NAA, and the regenerated shoots successfully formed roots on growth regulator-free half strength MS medium.Conclusion: Optimizing the concentration of BAP and GA3 and omitting the glycine and kinetin in the culture medium increased the number and length of shoots. Similarly, for inducing the callus of the leaf explants, taken from in vitro grown shoots, it is recommended to adjust the medium with the higher concentration of 2,4-D and lower concentrations of BAP. Moreover, the maximum number of shoots was regenerated on a medium supplemented with relatively high levels of both BAP and NAA (1.5 and 0.5 mg L-1, respectively). Finally, we suggest the half strength MS medium that is free from growth regulators for the root formation of the regenerated shoots.Significance and impact of the study: Optimizing the concentration of growth regulators is crucial for the efficient micropropagation of a grape cultivar. Knowing the specific balance between the growth regulators is necessary to establish in vitro shoot cultures, callus induction and shoot regeneration and, hence, to propagate disease-free true to type grape cultivars in a short time.

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INFLUNCE OF GROWTH REGULATORS ON CALLUS INDUCTION OF CITRUS VOLKAMERIANA IN VITRO

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v47i3.561 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Al- Khazali & Hamad

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Callus Induction ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Benzyl Adenine ◽

College Of Agriculture ◽

Citrus Volkameriana ◽

Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid

This research was conducted in the plant tissue culture Lab. College of Agriculture / University of Baghdad from February to October 2015. The aim of the study was investigating the influences of combinations of Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) , Thidiazuron (TDZ) Spermidine (Spd. ) and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) , Benzyl adenine (BA) on callus induction and adventitous shoot regeneration originated from cotyledon of Citrus volkameriana seeds. Seeds were disinfested with 0.1 % of HgCl2 for 15 minutes. The MS medium supplemented with (0.0,1.5 , 3.0 ) mg L-1 NAA in combination with (0.0, 0.05, 0.1) mg L-1 TDZ and (0.0, 0.5 ,1.0) mg L-1 Spd. and MS medium supplemented with (0.0, 1.5 , 3.0) mg L-1 2,4-D in combination with (0.0 ,1.0 , 2.0 ) mg L-1 BA and (0.0 ,0.5 , 1.0) mg L-1 Spd. the interaction between 1.5 mg L-1 NAA and (0.05 , 0.1) mg L-1 TDZ and the interaction between 3.0 mg L-1 NAA and (0.05 ,0.1) mg L-1 TDZ with all concentrations of Spd. gave the highest percentage of callus induction 100 % . While the MS medium supplemented with 3 mg L-1 of 2,4-D in combination with all concentrations of BA and spd. gave the highest percentage 100 % of callus induction. Results showed that MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L-1 NAA in combination with 0.1 mg L-1 TDZ and 1.0 mg L-1 spd. gave the highest values of fresh and dry weight of callus (668.8, 44.59 ) mg respectively . While the MS medium supplemented with 3 mg L-1 2,4-D in combination with 1.0 mg L-1 spd. And 0.0 mg L-1 BA gave the highest values of fresh and dry weight of callus (709.2 , 47.28 ) mg respectively.

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An Effective Protocol for Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) cv. 'Geolei' Explants Sterilization for Successful Callusing and Shoot Regeneration

International Journal of Environment and Climate Change ◽

10.9734/ijecc/2021/v11i1130538 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 230-238

Author(s):

Ujjwal Sirohi ◽

Swati Sharma ◽

Mukesh Kumar ◽

R. S. Sengar ◽

L. K. Gangwar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Shoot Regeneration ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Mercuric Chloride ◽

Dianthus Caryophyllus ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Nodal Segments ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Root Induction

Carnation is a popular floricultural crop grown widely for its attractive cut flowers. Micro-propagation can be used to create large-scale carnation output. For growth and development, plants require some necessary nutrients as well as growth regulators. Due to the importance of carnation, the present work is carried out using leaf and nodal segments to examine the potential of several plant growth regulators for in vitro callus formation and adventitious shoot regeneration. Explants were sterilized properly with bavistin, sodium hypochlorite and mercuric chloride. The minor contaminated cultures were created by consecutively treating the explants with 0.25% bavistin, 0.50% sodium hypochlorite, and 0.1% mercuric chloride for ten, fifteen, and two minutes. MS media with 2.5 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) in combination with 0.75 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) resulted in the maximum callus induction (90.47%) from leaf explants. Maximum shoots (76.47%) were produced in MS media supplemented with 2.0 mg/l Thidiazuron (TDZ) + 0.25 mg/l NAA. NAA at 1.25 mg/l was most efficient for maximum root induction (83.32%). In the present study, an effective protocol of carnation explants sterilization was optimized for successful callusing and shoot regeneration.

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Role of Growth Regulators on In Vitro Callus Induction and Direct Regeneration in Physalis minima Linn

International Letters of Natural Sciences ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.44.38 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 38-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. Sandhya ◽

Rao Srinath

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Callus Induction ◽

Basal Medium ◽

Direct Regeneration ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Stem Explants ◽

Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽

Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Suitable protocol for induction of callus and regeneration was developed from different explants viz., node, stem and leaves in Physalis minima. MS basal medium supplemented with various concentrations (1.0-4.0mg/l) of auxins like 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins (0.5-1.5mg/l) like BAP or Kn were used. All the three explants responded for induction of callus, however stem explants were found superior, followed by node and leaf. Callus induction was observed in all the auxins and combination of growth regulators used with varied mass (2010±1.10) and highest percentage of callus induction was observed from stem at 2.0mg/l 2,4-D (90%) followed by NAA (70%) and IAA (50%). Organogenesis was induced when nodal explants were transferred on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D and Kn at various concentrations, maximum being on 2.0mg/l 2,4-D + 1.0mg/l Kn (90%). Regenerated shoots were elongated on 0.5mg/l GA3. The shoots were subsequently rooted on MS + 1.0mg/l IBA (95%) medium. Rooted shoots were hardened and acclimatized, later they were transferred to polycups containing soil, cocopeat and sand in the ratio 1:2:1.Keywords:Physalis minima, Node, Stem, Leaf, callus and growth regulators.

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