scholarly journals Resistance of triticale to wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina)

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hanzalová ◽  
P. Bartoš
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

Reactions of winter triticale cultivars mostly from central Europe to recent and old leaf rust isolates were tested in the greenhouse. In one trial 20 cultivars were tested with 8 leaf rust isolates, collected recently from official wheat and triticale trials in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. In another trial 15 cultivars were tested with 6 old leaf rust isolates, used to identify leaf rust resistance genes in wheat. The cultivars Cando, Hortenso and Tricolor, registered in the Czech Republic, were resistant to the majority of the recent isolates. The Hungarian cultivar Tatra was resistant to all the recent isolates. The old leaf rust isolates were virulent only to a few of the triticale cultivars. Randomly selected isolates from wheat and triticale were tested on triticale cultivars and on Thatcher near isogenic lines with different Lr genes. On average, leaf rust isolates from triticale were virulent to a higher number of triticale cultivars than isolates collected from wheat and vice versa.

scholarly journals Presence of a Translocation from Aegilops ventricosa in Wheat Cultivars Registered in the Czech Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bartoš ◽  
J. Ovesná ◽  
A. Hanzalová ◽  
J. Chrpová ◽  
V. Dumalasová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Pcr Marker ◽  
Aegilops Ventricosa ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

The presence of a translocation from Aegilops ventricosa carrying the genes for rust resistance Yr17, Lr37 and Sr38 was analysed in recently registered, mostly western European wheat cultivars in the Czech Republic. By means of a PCR marker the presence of the translocation was determined in cvs. Bill, Clarus, Clever, Corsaire, Rapsodia, and in the Czech cv. Rheia. Novel are the data for cvs. Rapsodia, Clarus and Rheia. Infection tests indicated the presence of additional leaf rust resistance genes in cultivars with the translocation, except in cv. Rheia. Segregating progenies of six crosses between cv. Renan possessing Lr37and different cultivars susceptible to leaf rust were tested for the presence of the translocation with Yr17, Lr37 and Sr38 by an infection test as well as by a molecular marker. High coincidence between the results from infection tests and those by the marker has been proved.  

scholarly journals Virulence Phenotypes of Puccinia triticina in the South Atlantic States in 1999

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Kolmer
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
The South ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

Collections of Puccinia triticina were made from rust-infected wheat leaves in Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia in 1999 to examine if these states can be considered as a single epidemiological unit for virulence phenotypes of the wheat leaf rust pathogen. Singleuredinial isolates derived from the leaf rust collections were processed for identification of virulence phenotypes on seedling plants in greenhouse tests. Twenty-one virulence phenotypes from 253 isolates were described based on infection type to 16 Thatcher wheat lines near-isogenic for leaf rust resistance genes. Virulence phenotype MBRK (virulent to leaf rust resistance genes Lr1, Lr3, Lr3ka, Lr11, Lr30, Lr10, Lr14a, and Lr18) was the most common phenotype in the region, at 38.7% of all isolates. Phenotype TLGF (virulent to Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2c, Lr3, Lr9, Lr11, Lr14a, and Lr18) was the second most common phenotype overall, at 33.8% of isolates. Twenty-nine isolates selected on the basis of seedling virulence phenotypes also were tested for virulence to adult wheat plants with the resistance genes Lr12, Lr13, Lr22b, and Lr34. In all, 23 isolates were avirulent to Lr12 and 26 isolates were virulent to Lr13. All isolates had fewer and smaller uredinia on the Thatcher line with Lr34 compared with Thatcher. The widespread occurrence of the predominant P. triticina virulence phenotypes throughout the region indicated that the South Atlantic states should be considered as a single epidemiological area for wheat leaf rust. Some virulence phenotypes which occurred at lower frequencies were found primarily in the Coastal Plain and mountains of North Carolina or in breeding plots in southern Georgia. Localized populations of P. triticina may develop in the South Atlantic region due to overwintering of leaf rust infections or specific selection by leaf rust resistance genes in wheat cultivars.

scholarly journals Pathotypes of wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) and resistance of registered cultivars in the Czech Republic in 2012–2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 122-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hanzalová ◽  
P. Bartoš ◽  
T. Sumíková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Wheat Leaf Rust ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Different Parts

In 2012–2015 the virulence of the wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) population was studied on Thatcher near-isogenic lines with Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3a, Lr9, Lr10, Lr11, Lr13, Lr15, Lr17, Lr19, Lr21, Lr23, Lr24, Lr26 and Lr28. Samples of leaf rust were obtained from different parts of the Czech Republic. A total of 163 wheat leaf rust isolates were analysed. No virulence for the resistance gene Lr9 was found. Virulence for Lr19 was found only in one isolate in 2015. A lower frequency of virulence to Lr24, Lr2a, 2b, 2c and Lr28 was also observed. The presence of Lr10, Lr24, Lr26, Lr28 and Lr37 in registered cultivars was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) molecular markers.

scholarly journals Race and Virulence Dynamics of Puccinia triticina in China During 2000–2006

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 1601-1607 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Liu ◽  
W. Q. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Code System ◽  
Wheat Leaf Rust ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

Wheat leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina, is an important foliar disease of wheat in China. The dynamics of races and virulence in P. triticina populations in China during 2000 to 2006 were studied. Leaf rust samples were collected during surveys of wheat fields and trap nurseries in 16 provinces, and provided by coworkers throughout China. The virulence of single-pustule isolates was determined on near-isogenic Thatcher lines for leaf rust resistance genes Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2c, Lr3, Lr9, Lr16, Lr24, Lr26, Lr3ka, Lr11, Lr17, and Lr30, and races were denominated using the Prt code system. During 2000 to 2006, 79 races were identified from a total of 613 isolates. Races PHT (23.7%), THT (14.7%), PHJ (11.4%), and THJ (4.2%) were the four common races, all avirulent to Lr9 and Lr24. The frequency of isolates with virulence to Lr1, Lr2c, Lr3, Lr11, Lr16, Lr17, and Lr26 was over 80%, and these isolates were widely distributed in China, whereas the frequencies of virulence to Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, Lr25, Lr28, and Lr29 were 0.2 to 2.5%. The diversity of virulence phenotypes of Chinese P. triticina populations appeared to increase from 2000 to 2006. P. triticina races and virulences in China appear to be isolated from those in other countries.

scholarly journals Physiologic Specialization of Wheat Leaf Rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) in theCzech Republic in 2001–2004

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 126-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hanzalová ◽  
P. Bartoš
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Wheat Leaf Rust ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Physiologic Races ◽  
Different Parts

In 2001–2004 virulence of the wheat leaf rust population in the Czech Republic was studied on Thatcher near-isogenic lines with Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3a, Lr9, Lr10, Lr11, Lr15, Lr17, Lr19, Lr21, Lr23, Lr24, Lr26 and Lr28. Samples of leaf rust (180 in total) were obtained from different parts of the Czech Republic. Resistance genes Lr9 and Lr19 were effective to all tested isolates like in the previous years. Unlike the previous years virulence on Lr24 and Lr28 was observed. Relatively effective were also Lr1, Lr2a, Lr24, Lr28 and Lr2b. Other Lr genes were defeated by the majority of the tested samples. Our results transformed to the numbers of physiologic races indicate that race 61SaBa prevailed like in the previous years, followed by races 61, 2, 12SaBa, 2SaBa, 14, 77SaBa, 12, 57, 6, 53, 53SaBa, 77, and 14SaBa. Twenty-one winter wheat cultivars registered in 2001–2004 were tested with 8 leaf rust isolates. Out of them 15 showed resistance at least to one rust isolate. High resistance recorded in field trials for cvs Batis and Ilias, which were susceptible to all tested rust isolates at the seedling stage, demonstrates the importance of field (partial) resistance.  

scholarly journals Performance of Four New Leaf Rust Resistance Genes Transferred to Common Wheat from Aegilops tauschii and Triticum monococcum

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 582-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hussien ◽  
R. L. Bowden ◽  
B. S. Gill ◽  
T. S. Cox ◽  
D. S. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Aegilops Tauschii ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Leaf Rust ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

The objective of this study was to test the performance of four new wheat leaf rust resistance genes previously transferred from wild relatives of common wheat. Leaf rust resistance gene Lr43, in wheat germplasm line KS92WGRC16, was originally from Aegilops tauschii. A second resistance gene, in line KS92WGRC23, was transferred from Triticum monococcum var. monococcum. Two other genes, in lines KS93U3 and KS96WGRC34, were obtained from T. monococcum var. boeoticum. In greenhouse tests, the typical low infection types produced by these lines were fleck (;), immune (0), fleck with chlorosis (;C), and heterogeneous (X-) for KS92WGRC16, KS92WGRC23, KS96WGRC34, and KS93U3, respectively. In field tests in Kansas and Texas, KS92WGRC23 and KS92WGRC16 were highly resistant. KS93U3 was moderately resistant in Kansas but moderately resistant to moderately susceptible in Texas. KS96WGRC34 was moderately resistant in Kansas but moderately resistant to susceptible in Texas. Greenhouse adult-plant tests with race PBJL of Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici indicated that KS92WGRC16, KS92WGRC23, and KS96WGRC34 were highly resistant, but KS93U3 gave a moderately resistant reaction. Growth-chamber studies in different environments (12, 16, 20, and 24°C) showed slight temperature effects on the expression of resistance in KS96WGRC34 but not in the other lines. Tests with nine races of P. recondita f. sp. tritici indicated that only KS92WGRC16 was resistant to all the races. Races PNML and PNMQ were virulent on KS92WGRC23, and race TFGL was virulent on both KS93U3 and KS96WGRC34. The genes in the four germplasm lines should be used in combination with other resistance genes to prolong their usefulness.

scholarly journals Seedling and Slow Rusting Resistance to Leaf Rust in Chinese Wheat Cultivars

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. F. Li ◽  
X. C. Xia ◽  
Z. H. He ◽  
X. Li ◽  
L. J. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Slow Rusting ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

Identification of resistance genes is important for developing leaf rust resistant wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars. A total of 102 Chinese winter wheat cultivars and advanced lines were inoculated with 24 pathotypes of Puccinia triticina for postulation of leaf rust resistance genes effective at the seedling stage. These genotypes were also planted in the field for characterization of slow rusting responses to leaf rust in the 2006–07 and 2007–08 cropping seasons. Fourteen leaf rust resistance genes—Lr1, Lr2a, Lr3bg, Lr3ka, Lr14a, Lr16, Lr17a, Lr18, Lr20, Lr23, Lr24, Lr26, Lr34, and LrZH84—either singly or in combinations, were postulated in 65 genotypes, whereas known resistance genes were not identified in the other 37 accessions. Resistance gene Lr26 was present in 44 accessions. Genes Lr14a and Lr34 were each detected in seven entries. Lr1 and Lr3ka were each found in six cultivars, and five lines possessed Lr16. Lr17a and Lr18 were each identified in four lines. Three cultivars were postulated to possess Lr3bg. Genes Lr20, Lr24, and LrZH84 were each present in two cultivars. Each of the genes Lr2a and Lr23 may exist in one line. Fourteen genotypes showed slow leaf rusting resistance in two cropping seasons.

scholarly journals Differentiation of Molecular Genotypes and Virulence Phenotypes of Puccinia triticina from Common Wheat in North America

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 750-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Ordoñez ◽  
J. A. Kolmer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

Wheat leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina is widely distributed in the wheat growing regions of the United States and Canada, and is subject to selection for virulence phenotype by leaf rust resistance genes in wheat cultivars. The objective of this study was to determine the number of genetically differentiated groups of P. triticina that are currently present in North America. In total, 148 isolates of P. triticina from the 1980s to 2005 were collected from wheat-growing regions of the United States and Canada and tested for virulence on 20 lines of wheat with single genes for leaf rust resistance and for molecular genotype with 23 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. In total, 91 virulence phenotypes and 65 SSR genotypes were found. After removal of isolates with identical virulence and SSR genotypes, 125 isolates were included for further analysis. Bayesian cluster analysis indicated five different groups of isolates based on SSR genotypes that also differed for virulence to leaf rust resistance genes Lr2a, Lr2c, Lr3bg, Lr17, and Lr28. Isolates avirulent to Lr14a and Lr20 that have increased since 2003 had SSR genotypes identical or similar to older isolates in one of the five groups, indicating that these isolates were derived by mutation from the previously existing population of P. triticina. The representative collection of P. triticina isolates had characteristics consistent with an asexual dikaryotic population of genetically differentiated groups of SSR genotypes with high levels of heterozygosity and disequilibrium within which stepwise mutation at avirulence or virulence loci regularly occurs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Wheat Germplasm for Resistance to Leaf Rust (Puccinia triticina) and Identification of the Sources of Lr Resistance Genes Using Molecular Markers

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1484
Author(s):  
Alma Kokhmetova ◽  
Shynbolat Rsaliyev ◽  
Makpal Atishova ◽  
Madina Kumarbayeva ◽  
Angelina Malysheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Puccinia Triticina ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina (Ptr), is a significant disease of spring wheat spread in Kazakhstan. The development of resistant cultivars importantly requires the effective use of leaf rust resistance genes. This study aims to: (i) determine variation in Ptr population using races from the East Kazakhstan, Akmola, and Almaty regions of Kazakhstan; (ii) examine resistance during seedling and adult plant stages; and (iii) identify the sources of Lr resistance genes among the spring wheat collection using molecular markers. Analysis of a mixed population of Ptr identified 25 distinct pathotypes. Analysis of these pathotypes using 16 Thatcher lines that are near-isogenic for leaf rust resistance genes (Lr) showed different virulence patterns, ranging from least virulent “CJF/B” and “JCL/G” to highly virulent “TKT/Q”. Most of the pathotypes were avirulent to Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, and Lr25 and virulent to Lr1, Lr2a, Lr3ka, Lr11, and Lr30. The Ptr population in Kazakhstan is diverse, as indicated by the range of virulence observed in five different races analyzed in this study. The number of genotypes showed high levels of seedling resistance to each of the five Ptr races, thus confirming genotypic diversity. Two genotypes, Stepnaya 62 and Omskaya 37, were highly resistant to almost all five tested Ptr pathotypes. Stepnaya 62, Omskaya 37, Avangard, Kazakhstanskaya rannespelaya, and Kazakhstanskaya 25 were identified as the most stable genotypes for seedling resistance. However, most of the varieties from Kazakhstan were susceptible in the seedling stage. Molecular screening of these genotypes showed contrasting differences in the genes frequencies. Among the 30 entries, 22 carried leaf rust resistance gene Lr1, and two had Lr9 and Lr68. Lr10 and Lr28 were found in three and four cultivars, respectively. Lr19 was detected in Omskaya 37. Two single cultivars separately carried Lr26 and Lr34, while Lr37 was not detected in any genotypes within this study. Field evaluation demonstrated that the most frequent Lr1 gene is ineffective. Kazakhstanskaya 19 and Omskaya 37 had the highest number of resistance genes: three and four Lr genes, respectively. Two gene combinations (Lr1, Lr68) were detected in Erythrospermum 35 and Astana. The result obtained may assist breeders in incorporating effective Lr genes into new cultivars and developing cultivars resistant to leaf rust.

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