scholarly journals Use of dredged sediments on agricultural soils from viewpoint of potentially toxic substances

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 388-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Vácha ◽  
J. Čechmánková ◽  
J. Skála ◽  
J. Hofman ◽  
P. Čermák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Pond Sediments ◽  
The Village

A set of 29 pond sediments samples was collected. The sediments were separated into three groups, field, village, and forest pond sediments. The sediment samples were taken from pond bottoms and sediment heaps. The sediment characteristics (pH, CEC, Al-exchangeable, C<sub>ox</sub>, humus substances), the content of potentially toxic elements and persistent organic pollutants were analysed in the sediments and compared between sediment groups. The comparison of sediment contamination with Czech legislation for sediment use in agriculture was conducted. The village sediments were more loaded by potentially toxic elements and persistent organic pollutants than the others. The pH value of sediments was considered as the properties regulating the retention of potentially toxic elements and their mobility (Al, Cd, Zn). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were the most problematic POPs group in the sediments. The correlation showed poor dependency of POPs (especially PAHs) content on the content and quality of sediment organic matter.

scholarly journals Immobilisation of As, Cd, Pb and Zn in agricultural soils by the use of organic and inorganic additives

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Vácha ◽  
E. Podlešáková ◽  
J. Němeček ◽  
O. Poláček
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Synthetic Zeolite ◽  
Organic Additives ◽  
Fodder Plants ◽  
Cubic Structure

The efficiency of the application of organic and inorganic additives on the reduction of mobility and transfer of As, Cd, Pb and Zn from the soil into the plants was observed. The dung, compost, acid peat and muck presented organic additives. Synthetic zeolite &ndash; type Pc&nbsp;of cubic structure, loamy shale and dolomite limestone presented inorganic additives. Five soil types were used during the testing (arenic regosol, typic cambisol, dystric cambisol, typic chernozem and typic fluvisol). The changeover of the mobility of As, Cd, Pb a&nbsp;Zn in the soil (the ratio of mobile and total contents, sequential analysis) and the transfer of the elements from the soil into the plants (the vegetables, cereals and fodder plants) were investigated. The results showed the primary importance of the soil pH value on the behaviour of potentially toxic elements and their intake by the plants. The efficiency of the use of organic additives strongly depended on the quality of the organic matter. Inorganic additives on the base of the sorbents worked in the case of mobile hazardous elements (Cd, Zn). The efficiency of the soil additives was strongly influenced by the soil type.

scholarly journals Recommended maximum contents of persistent organic pollutants in sewage sludge for application on agricultural soils

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 362-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Vácha ◽  
M. Vysloužilová ◽  
V. Horváthová ◽  
J. Čechmánková
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Sludge Application

The recommended maximum contents of the substances from the group of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in sludge for the application on agricultural soils were proposed. The list of the substances follows Czech legislative norms for soil protection (Directive of the Ministry of Environment No. 13/1994 Sb.). The list includes the groups of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs), the amount of six congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB<sub>6</sub>), DDT and residues, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofuranes (PCDDs/Fs). Recommended maximum contents were proposed on the basis of the determination of background values of POPs in the set of 45 sludge samples from the wastewater factories in the territory of the Czech Republic. The results of vegetation experiments focused on the POPs in soil and plants after sludge application were used and the proposal of EU legislation Working Document on Sludge was investigated.

Sources of potentially toxic elements and organic pollutants in an urban area subjected to an industrial impact

2011 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anabela Cachada ◽  
Maria Eduarda Pereira ◽  
Eduardo Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Armando Costa Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Industrial Impact

scholarly journals In Situ Miniaturised Solid Phase Extraction (m-SPE) for Organic Pollutants in Seawater Samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Abaroa-Pérez ◽  
G. Sánchez-Almeida ◽  
J. J. Hernández-Brito ◽  
D. Vega-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Seawater Samples

Solid phase extraction (SPE) is a consolidated technique for determining pollutants in seawater samples. The current tendency is to miniaturise systems that extract and determine pollutants in the environment, reducing the use of organic solvents, while maintaining the quality in the extraction and preconcentration. On the other hand, there is a need to develop new extraction systems that can be fitted to in situ continual monitoring buoys, especially for the marine environment. This work has developed a first model of a low-pressure micro-SPE (m-SPE) for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that can be simply applied to in situ monitoring in the marine environment. This system reduces the volumes of sample and solvents required in the laboratory in comparison with conventional SPE. In the future, it could be used in automated or robotic systems in marine technologies such as marine gliders and oceanographic buoys. This system has been optimised and validated to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in seawater samples, but it could also be applied to other kinds of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and emerging pollutants.

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