scholarly journals Successional dynamics of Cynosurus pasture after abandonment in Podkrkonoší

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 364-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stránská
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Plant Species Composition ◽  
Herb Layer ◽  
Weedy Species ◽  
Calamagrostis Epigejos ◽  
Vicia Cracca ◽  
Myosotis Arvensis

Between 1996&ndash;2002, successional dynamics on an abandoned pasture in Předn&iacute; Žd&iacute;rnice (lat. 50&deg;32&rsquo;N, long. 15&deg;40&rsquo;E) was examined. A 7-year study was performed on the abandoned mesotrophic pasture classified as Cynosurion T&uuml;xen 1947 at the start of the study. Two permanent plots (100 m<sup>2</sup>) were established and sampled three times a year; changes in plant species composition (species cover) and plant species diversity (species number) were studied. Species assemblages of the Cynosurus pasture were described, E1 (herb layer) and E2 (shrub layer) covers were calculated and a secondary succession in the plant community was evaluated. Abandonment caused the decrease in the cover of the species sensitive to shading &ndash; e.g. Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia, Trifolium repens, Lathyrus pratensis, Plantago major, Stellaria graminea, Vicia cracca. Contrary to this, the cover of Calamagrostis epigejos, Rubus sp., Galium album, Galium verum, Knautia arvensis, Veronica chamaedrys increased, probably due to their ability to spread by clonal growth and as a&nbsp;result of the competitive relationships in the plant community. A big production of Calamagrostis epigejos litter may be the outcome of a significant decrease (by 9%) in E1 cover (P = 0.04). Although the grassland was invaded by ruderal and weedy species (Apera spica-venti, Myosotis arvensis, Veronica arvensis) and by shrubs Crataegus sp. and Rosa sp. (an&nbsp;increase by 16%), an increase in species number was not significant. Phytosociologically, the Cynosurion T&uuml;xen 1947 community came closer to the Arrhenatherion Koch 1926 alliance.

scholarly journals The Effect of Herb Layer on Nocturnal Macrolepidoptera (Lepidoptera: Macroheterocera) Communities

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
Bálint Horváth ◽  
Viktória Tóth ◽  
Gyula Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Herb Layer ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Forest Diversity ◽  
Sessile Oak ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Vegetation beneath the canopy might be an important factor for macromoth community composition in forest ecosystems, strongly determined by forest management practices. Herein, we compared nocturnal macrolepidoptera communities and herb layers in young and old sessile oak (Quercus petraea) dominated forest stands in the Sopron Mountains (Western Hungary). The investigation of Lepidoptera species was performed 15 times from the end of March to the end of October in 2011. Portable light traps were used, and a total of 257 species and 5503 individuals were identified. The Geometridae family was the most abundant, followed by Noctuidae and Notodontidae. To investigate vascular plant species in the herb layer, circular plots with a 10-m radius around the moth traps were used. In each plot, we estimated the abundance of plant species in 20 sub-plots with a 1-m radius from May to July of 2011. The abundance of macromoth species was higher in the old forest stand, which might be influenced by the trees’ higher foliar biomass. However, the mean abundance of herbs was lower in the old forest. Diversity of both the herb layer and the moth community were significantly higher in the young forest. However we found higher species richness of moths in the old forest. For additional analyses, moths feeding on plants in the herb layer were selected, but neither the difference in species number, neither mean abundance between the young and old forest were significant. Our results suggest that the herb layer is not a key factor for macrolepidoptera communities in Hungarian sessile oak forest stands.

scholarly journals Short communication: The dissimilarity in plant species composition of savanna ecosystem along the elevation gradient on Flores Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutomo Sutomo ◽  
I Dewa Putu Darma ◽  
Rajif Iryadi
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Elevation Gradient ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Plant Species Composition ◽  
Melastoma Malabathricum

Abstract. Sutomo, Darma IDP, Iryadi R. 2020. Short communication: The dissimilarity in plant species composition of savanna ecosystem along the elevation gradient on Flores Island, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 492-496. Savannas in Indonesia are located from west to the east across the archipelago. The objective of this research was to investigate the dissimilarity of floristic composition among savannas at different elevations in Flores. Sixteen sampling plots, each measuring 20 x 20 m were spread over the lowland, midland, and upland savannas. We analyzed the differences in plant community composition among the savannas using NMDS ordination and SIMPER analyses available in PRIMER V.6. As many as 41 species of plants were found in all of the sampling plots. The lowland savanna plant community consisted of Themeda arguens, Zoesya sp., Chromolaena odorata, Crotalaria sp., Adenanthera pavonina, Ocimum sp., Lantana camara in the groundcover layer, and Ziziphus jujube, and Borassus flabellifer at the tree layer. The midland savanna had almost similar composition, except the occurrence of Imperata cylindrica and Leucaena leucocephala, and the upland savanna plant species were Cyperus sp., Polygala paniculata, I. cylindrica, Melastoma malabathricum, C. odorata, Centella asiatica, Vaccinium sp., and Cymbopogon sp. The savannas in Flores were invaded by invasive exotic species, namely L. camara and C. Odorata which may pose serious threat to the existence of savannas.

scholarly journals Utilization of the invasive plant Impatiens parviflora DC. by the snail Columella edentula Draparnaud in oak-hornbeam forests

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Piskorz ◽  
Maria Urbańska
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Attachment Site ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Herb Layer ◽  
Direct Sunlight ◽  
Impatiens Parviflora

This study investigated the extend to which the snail <em>Columella edentula</em> is more strongly associated with the small balsam <em>Impatiens parviflora</em> than with other plants in the herb layer of an oak-hornbeam forest, and to interpret the character of the interaction <em>Impatiens parviflora</em> - <em>Columella edentula</em>. Numbers of <em>C. edentula</em> and rates of colonization were compared on various plant species under natural and laboratory conditions. Seasonal variation in snail abundance on <em>I. parviflora</em> was observed on permanent plots. The leaf injuries caused by <em>C. edentula</em> were localized in respect of the morphological and anatomical structure of leaves. The results show that <em>I. parviflora</em> is one of the plant species of the herb layer that are most abundantly colonized by this snail in oak-hornbeam forest. Snail finds a plant particularly suitable as a place for resting. The most favoured attachment site is on the underside of the leaf, along the midrib, which provides the highest and relatively stable humidity, as well as protection from direct sunlight and predators. <em>I. parviflora</em> is also a food for the snails, but they do not eat these fragments of leaves where calcium carbonate is accumulated.

Genetic Diversity of Solidago canadensis Correlates Negatively with the Number of Buds and Positively with Species Number of Plant Community

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 720-727
Author(s):  
Jing Jing Pan ◽  
Qian Qian Hu ◽  
Lin Yue Xiong ◽  
Ying Liang Wu ◽  
Zhi Ru Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Solidago Canadensis ◽  
Generative Organs

The genetic diversities of 5 populations of Solidago canadensis were studied using intersimple sequence repeat markers method (ISSR). Genomic DNA was extracted by a modified NaOH method from samples collected in Zejiang province, China. Meanwhile, the generative organs (buds and rhizomes) of S. canadensis and plant species number in its grown site were investigated. Our results indicated that among 5 populations, the polymorphic percentages ranged from 78.08 to 91.03. Neis gene diversity index and Shannon diversity index were more than 0.25 and 0.38 respectively. The 5 populations displayed some genetic differentiations (Gst=0.3208), showing Jiaxing population and Zhoushan population in one group, while Hangzhou population, Wenzhou population and Quzhou population in another group. We found that the number of buds varied greatly among the 5 populations, genetic diversity of S. canadensis displayed significant negative correlation with the number of buds and significant positive correlation with plant species number in its grown site. S. canadensis population has higher genetic diversity index and less buds, when grown with more other species, than with less other species. The result implied that increased competition from other species of plant community could reduce fecundity of S. canadensis.

scholarly journals Organic, integrated and conventional management in apple orchards: effect on plant species composition, richness and diversity

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdeňka Lososová ◽  
Michaela Kolářová ◽  
Luděk Tyšer ◽  
Samuel Lvončík
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Plant Species Composition ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Organic Management ◽  
Spontaneous Vegetation

The study was conducted to assess the effect of conventional, integrated and organic management on differences in plant species composition, richness and diversity. The plants were studied in triads of orchards situated in three regions of the Czech Republic. Data about species occurrences were collected on 15 permanent plots in the tree rows and 15 plots between tree rows in each of the apple orchards during 2009. A total of 201 vascular plant species (127 native species, 65 archaeophytes, and 9 neophytes) were found. Management type and also different regional conditions had a significant effect on plant species composition and on diversity parameters of orchard spontaneous vegetation. Species richness and species pool was significantly higher in the organic orchards than in the differently managed orchards. Management type had significant effect on proportions of archaeophytes, and also neophytes in apple orchards. The results showed that a change from conventional to integrated and organic management in apple orchards lead to higher plant species diversity and to changes in plant species composition.

scholarly journals Herbivory and dominance shifts among exotic and congeneric native plant species during plant community establishment

Oecologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 180 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Engelkes ◽  
Annelein Meisner ◽  
Elly Morriën ◽  
Olga Kostenko ◽  
Wim H. Van der Putten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Native Plant Species

Drivers of plant species composition of ecotonal vegetation in two fishpond management types

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kateřina Francová ◽  
Kateřina Šumberová ◽  
Andrea Kučerová ◽  
Michal Šorf ◽  
Stanislav Grill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Species Composition ◽  
Fishpond Management

PLANT SPECIES COMPOSITION OF BOREAL SPRUCE SWAMP FORESTS: CLOSED DOORS AND WINDOWS OF OPPORTUNITY

Ecology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 1909-1919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rune Halvorsen Økland ◽  
Knut Rydgren ◽  
Tonje Økland
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Species Composition ◽  
Windows Of Opportunity

Rangeland responses to pastoralists' grazing management on a Tibetan steppe grassland, Qinghai Province, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Harris ◽  
Leah H. Samberg ◽  
Emily T. Yeh ◽  
Andrew T. Smith ◽  
Wang Wenying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Grazing Pressure ◽  
Livestock Grazing ◽  
Western China ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Qinghai Province ◽  
Preferred Species

Livestock grazing is the principal land use in arid central Asia, and range degradation is considered a serious problem within much of the high-elevation region of western China termed the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). Rangeland degradation on the QTP is variously attributed to poor livestock management, historical-cultural factors, changing land tenure arrangements or socioeconomic systems, climate change, and damage from small mammals. Few studies have examined currently managed pastures using detailed data capable of isolating fine-scale livestock–vegetation interactions. The aim of the study was to understand how differences among livestock (primarily sheep) management strategies of pastoralists during winter affected subsequent rangeland condition and productivity. Plant species composition, annual herbage mass, and indicators of erosion were quantified during four summers (2009–2012) on winter pastures managed by 11 different pastoralists on QTP steppe rangeland in Qinghai Province, China. Data came from repeated-measurements on 317 systematically located permanent plots, as well as pastoralist interviews and the use of GPS-equipped livestock. Relationships between annual weather variation and herbage mass were modelled using an independent set of vegetation measurements obtained from livestock exclosures. Account was taken of inherent site differences among pastures. Annual variation in herbage mass was found to be best fitted by a model containing a negative function of winter-season temperature and a positive function of spring-season temperature. Accounting for annual and site effects, significant differences among pastoralists were found for most response variables, suggesting that individual heterogeneity among management approaches had consequences, even among neighbouring pastoralists. Annual herbage mass of preferred plant species was positively associated, whereas that of unpreferred species was negatively associated, with mean sheep density and intensity of use. However, the proportion of bare soil, an index of erosion, and annual herbage mass of unpreferred forbs were found to have positive relationships with sheep grazing pressure during the preceding winter, whereas live vegetation cover and annual herbage mass of preferred grasses were negatively related. Thus, on a spatial scale, pastoralists responded adaptively to the cover of preferred plant species while not responding to total annual herbage mass. Pastoralists stocked pastures more heavily, and livestock used regions within pastures more intensively, where preferred species had a higher cover. However, where sheep grazing pressure was high, downward temporal trends in the herbage mass of preferred species were exacerbated. Pastures that were stocked at a lower density did not experience the negative trends seen in those with a higher density.

The vascular plant diversity of Dzungarian Gobi in western Mongolia, with an annotated checklist

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 501 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-55
Author(s):  
SHUKHERDORJ BAASANMUNKH ◽  
BATLAI OYUNTSETSEG ◽  
CHULUUNKHUYAG OYUNDARI ◽  
KHURELPUREV OYUNDELGER ◽  
MAGSAR URGAMAL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Endemic Plants ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Western Mongolia ◽  
Comprehensive Survey

The Dzungarian Gobi (DzG), one of 16 phytogeographical regions in the country, is located in the southwestern part of Khovd province in western Mongolia. It comprises some of Mongolia’s largest reserves, namely the Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area and the National Park Bulgan gol-Ikh Ongog. We conducted a comprehensive survey of the area’s floristic diversity between 2009 and 2019 by collecting vascular plants from different vegetation types in various seasons. In addition, we critically checked relevant published literature and material from the herbaria ALTB, GLM, GWF, HAL, KHU, LE, MW, NS, OSBU, UBA, and UBU to determine the occurrence of vascular plant species in the DzG region. Based on our collection data, a comprehensive checklist of DzG’s flora was compiled, representing 913 vascular plant taxa (including 34 subspecies and one variety) belonging to 329 genera and 70 families. Twenty-one taxa were newly found in the DzG region. We also investigated the conservation status of all species noted, and 19 endemic plants and 96 threatened species, including six critically endangered, 26 endangered, 57 vulnerable, and seven near threatened plants were recognized in this region. Eight rare species were newly assessed according to regional conservation status based on GeoCat and IUCN. The richest plant families found were Asteraceae (153 species), Fabaceae (77 species), Amaranthaceae (69 species), and Poaceae (68 species). Several uncertain endemic and non-endemic plants remain still discussion, such as Papaver baitagense and Rosa baitagensis; thus, further studies are needed on their taxonomic and conservation status. For each taxon, we provide its distribution in the region, elevation range, voucher number, and additional references. Finally, we analyzed species hotspots of DzG, based on three different plant species richness criteria: i. all recorded species, ii. endemic species, and iii. threatened species using our georeferenced records. The most diverse hotspot area in DzG is the Baitag Bogd Mountain area, which comprises the highest species number of all three richness criteria.

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