Efficiency of nitrogen fertilization based on the fertilizer application method and type of maize cultivar (Zea mays L.)

Drought and low nitrogen are major stresses for maize (Zea mays L.), and maize populations from the Sahara Desert are potential sources of stress tolerance. The objectives were to assess the tolerance and varietal and heterosis effects of Algerian populations under no-nitrogen fertilization and water stress. A diallel among six Algerian maize population was evaluated under drought (300 mm irrigation) vs. control (600 mm) and no-nitrogen fertilization vs. 120 kh ha−1 N fertilization. Genotypes showed significant differences and genetic effects for water- and nitrogen-stress tolerance. We propose a reciprocal recurrent selection to take advantage of additive and non-additive effects, using AOR and IGS, since they showed good performance in optimum and stress conditions, for improving yield heterosis for AOR × IGS. Negative effects are not expected on plant height, anthesis–silking interval or early vigor. These populations and BAH could be sources of inbred lines tolerant to drought and no-nitrogen fertilization. There was no relationship between origin and genetic group and stress tolerance per se or as parents of tolerant crosses. These populations and crosses could be used as base material among Algerian populations, for breeding programs focusing on tolerance to water or nitrogen stress.

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Effects of NP Fertilizer Placement Depth by Year Interaction on the Number of Maize (Zea mays L.) Plants after Emergence Using the Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction Model

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11081543 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1543

Author(s):

Piotr Szulc ◽

Jan Bocianowski ◽

Kamila Nowosad ◽

Henryk Bujak ◽

Waldemar Zielewicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Interaction Model ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Fertilizer Placement ◽

Multiplicative Interaction ◽

Maize Cultivation ◽

Main Effects ◽

Placement Depth ◽

Np Fertilizer

Field experiments were carried out at the Department of Agronomy of the Poznań University of Life Sciences to determine the effect of the depth of NP fertilization placement in maize cultivation on the number of plants after emergence. The adopted assumptions were verified based on a six-year field experiment involving four depths of NP fertilizer application (A1—0 cm (broadcast), A2—5 cm (in rows), A3—10 cm (in rows), A4—15 cm (in rows)). The objective of this study was to assess NP fertilizer placement depth, in conjunction with the year, on the number of maize (Zea mays L.) plants after emergence using the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction model. The number of plants after emergence decreased with the depth of NP fertilization in the soil profile, confirming the high dependence of maize on phosphorus and nitrogen availability, as well as greater subsoil loosening during placement. The number of plants after emergence for the experimental NP fertilizer placement depths varied from 7.237 to 8.201 plant m−2 during six years, with an average of 7.687 plant m−2. The 61.51% of variation in the total number of plants after emergence was explained by years differences, 23.21% by differences between NP fertilizer placement depths and 4.68% by NP fertilizer placement depths by years interaction. NP fertilizer placement depth 10 cm (A3) was the most stable (ASV = 1.361) in terms of the number of plants after emergence among the studied NP fertilizer placement depths. Assuming that the maize kernels are placed in the soil at a depth of approx. 5 cm, the fertilizer during starter fertilization should be placed 5 cm to the side and below the kernel. Deeper NP fertilizer application in maize cultivation is not recommended. The condition for the use of agriculture progress, represented by localized fertilization, is the simultaneous recognition of the aspects of yielding physiology of new maize varieties and the assessment of their reaction to deeper seed placement during sowing.

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Impact of Nitrogen Fertilization Levels on Morphophysiological Characters and Yield Quality of Some Maize Hybrids (Zea mays L.)

Egyptian Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.21608/agro.2015.62 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 35-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Yield Quality

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Yield and quality of forage corn (Zea mays L.) cultivar Single Cross 704 in response to nitrogen fertilization and plant density

International Journal of Biosciences (IJB) ◽

10.12692/ijb/4.10.146-153 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 146-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Plant Density ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Single Cross

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Assessment of nitrification and urease inhibitors on nitrate leaching in corn (Zea mays L.)

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.1139/cjss-2018-0110 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 99 (1) ◽

pp. 80-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Amy A. Pawlick ◽

Claudia Wagner-Riddle ◽

Gary W. Parkin ◽

Aaron A. Berg

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Soil Water ◽

Management Practices ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Root Zone ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Large Field ◽

N Leaching ◽

Urease Inhibitors ◽

Eddy Covariance Method

Agricultural ecosystems are one of the largest global contributors to nitrate (NO3−) contamination of surface- and groundwater through fertilizer application. Improved fertilizer practices are needed to manage crop nutrient supply in corn (Zea mays L.) while minimizing impacts to clean water reserves. The goal of this study was to compare current nitrogen (N) fertilizer practices (urea at planting) with “packages” of improved management practices (a combination of right timing and product) that farmers potentially use. We conducted measurements in a continuous corn system from November 2015 to May 2017 at a large field scale (four 4 ha plots). Nitrate concentration was measured below the root zone and drainage estimated using a soil water budget approach in which evapotranspiration was measured using the eddy covariance method. The objective was to compare NO3−-N leaching from fields receiving urea vs. urea + combination of nitrification and urease inhibitors (NUI) fertilizer applications at planting, urea–ammonium nitrate (UAN) vs. UAN + NUI applied at sidedress, and a combination of these practices: urea + NUI at planting vs. UAN at sidedress. Drainage was only significant in the non-growing season. Neither fertilizer products applied with NUI at planting or sidedress proved to significantly reduce NO3−-N leaching. The combination of delaying fertilization to sidedress and applying UAN significantly reduced the soil water NO3−-N concentration compared with urea + NUI at planting (mean of 5.2 vs. 6.7 mg L−1) but only in 2015–2016. Based on these results, applying UAN at sidedress is recommended, although additional study years are needed to confirm those results.

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