scholarly journals Long-term management of canine disseminated granulomatous meningoencephalitis with imatinib mesylate: a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 02) ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
JH Song ◽  
TS Hwang ◽  
HC Lee ◽  
DH Yu ◽  
BJ Seung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Imatinib Mesylate ◽  
Tyrosine Kinases ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
First Case

A seven-year-old Toy Poodle was presented for progressive ataxia and seizure episodes. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed inflammatory lesions in the cerebrum and brainstem. Management with imatinib mesylate, prednisolone and hydroxyurea were initiated and resulted in complete resolution of the clinical signs. In regular magnetic resonance imaging scans, the overall appearance of the lesions deteriorated but improved again after an increase in the imatinib mesylate dose. The patient had not shown any neurological signs until death and survived for 1052 days after initial presentation. On histopathological examination, the patient was diagnosed with disseminated granulomatous meningoencephalitis involving the cerebrum and brainstem. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on the five types of tyrosine kinase (PDGFR-α, PDGFR-ß, VEGFR-2, c-Kit and c-Abl proteins), which constitute therapeutic targets for conventional multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed that all these tyrosine kinases were expressed in the brain samples. The present report describes the first case of the use of imatinib mesylate therapy for granulomatous meningoencephalitis in the dog. Therapy with imatinib mesylate plus glucocorticoids appears promising as a new therapeutic intervention in meningoencephalitis of unknown aetiology.

MUCINOUS LOW-GRADE ADENOCARCINOMA ARISING IN AN INTRACRANIAL ENTEROGENOUS CYST

Neurosurgery ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. E972-E973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Gessi ◽  
Federico G. Legnani ◽  
Emanuela Maderna ◽  
Cecilia Casali ◽  
Carlo L. Solero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Abstract OBJECTIVE Enterogenous cysts (ECs) of the central nervous system are developmental malformations that occur in the spinal canal, posterior fossa, or cerebral hemispheres. They are usually benign lesions, and malignant transformation is rare. To date, only three cases of malignant transformation have been reported in the literature. We present a case of a cerebellopontine EC showing foci of epithelial dysplasia and malignant transformation into a low-grade papillary mucinous adenocarcinoma. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 25 year-old man with a 6-year history of hypoacusia presented to our department with facial nerve deficit, visual disturbances, and gait instability. A magnetic resonance imaging scan demonstrated a multiloculated cerebellopontine angle cyst with supratentorial hydrocephalus. INTERVENTION A retrosigmoidal approach was used to achieve cyst removal. This was followed several months later by ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. The cyst was adherent to the brainstem, cranial nerves, and vessels, and it resembled a thin encapsulated structure filled with mucinous-like substance. No solid component was identified. Histopathological examination revealed an EC with foci of malignant transformation in a mucinous papillary adenocarcinoma. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed 5 months postoperatively due to progressive clinical worsening; this scan revealed lesion recurrence with severe brainstem compression. Emergency surgery was performed, and a large decompression was achieved. Subsequent follow-up computed tomographic scans showed progression of the residual tumor. The patient's neurological condition rapidly worsened, ultimately resulting in death. CONCLUSION The present report suggests that a careful histological examination of all ECs after surgery should be made to exclude dysplastic foci or carcinomatous transformation. Although the clinical behavior of ECs with malignant trasformation is unpredictable, surgery remains the treatment of choice. The use of possible adjuvant chemo- or radiotherapy has not been established.

scholarly journals Changes of Dorsal Root Ganglion Volume in Dogs with Clinical Signs of Degenerative Myelopathy Detected by Water-Excitation Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1702
Author(s):  
Eiji Naito ◽  
Kohei Nakata ◽  
Yukiko Nakano ◽  
Yuta Nozue ◽  
Shintaro Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Herniation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Water Excitation ◽  
Spinal Cord Segment ◽  
Degenerative Myelopathy

Canine degenerative myelopathy (DM) is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease. However, a definitive diagnosis of DM can only be achieved by postmortem histopathological examination of the spinal cord. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the volumetry of DRG using the ability of water-excitation magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to visualize the DRG in dogs has premortem diagnostic value for DM. Eight dogs with DM, twenty-four dogs with intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH), and eight control dogs were scanned using a 3.0-tesla MRI system, and water-excitation images were obtained to visualize and measure the volume of DRG, normalized by body surface area. The normalized mean DRG volume between each spinal cord segment and mean volume of all DRG between T8 and L2 in the DM group was significantly lower than that in the control and the IVDH groups (P = 0.011, P = 0.002, respectively). There were no correlations within the normalized mean DRG volume between DM stage 1 and stage 4 (rs = 0.312, P = 0.128, respectively). In conclusion, DRG volumetry by the water-excitation MRI provides a non-invasive and quantitative assessment of neurodegeneration in DRG and may have diagnostic potential for DM.

Multiple myeloma manifesting as an intraventricular brain tumor

2009 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joo-Hun David Eum ◽  
Astrid Jeibmann ◽  
Werner Wiesmann ◽  
Werner Paulus ◽  
Heinrich Ebel
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Primary intracerebral manifestation of multiple myeloma is rare and usually arises from the meninges or brain parenchyma. The authors present a case of multiple myeloma primarily manifesting within the lateral ventricle. A 67-year-old man was admitted with headache accompanied by slowly progressing right hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a large homogeneous contrast-enhancing intraventricular midline mass and hydrocephalus. The tumor was completely resected, and histopathological examination revealed plasmacytoma. After postoperative radio- and chemotherapy, vertebral osteolysis was detected as a secondary manifestation of multiple myeloma.

Closed rhinoplasty approach for excision of nasal dermoids

2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 538-542
Author(s):  
R L Harris ◽  
H Daya
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Aesthetic Outcome ◽  
Cosmetic Results ◽  
Cutaneous Involvement

AbstractObjective:To assess the efficacy of excision of nasal dermoids through a closed rhinoplasty incision. This is the first description of the use of this approach for excision of superficial nasal dermoids.Methods:Three boys aged five, nine and 12 years presented with midline nasal dermoids with minimal cutaneous involvement. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated distinct, cystic, superficial nasal masses. The cysts were excised through a closed rhinoplasty approach. In each case, completeness of extirpation was judged by histopathological examination of the excised specimen. Aesthetic outcome was recorded photographically.Results:All three patients' cysts were completely excised, with excellent cosmetic results.Conclusions:The closed rhinoplasty incision is another approach in the surgeon's armamentarium for excision of small, superficial nasal dermoid cysts. In well selected cases, this approach gives optimal cosmetic results, provides adequate exposure with minimal dissection, and allows total extirpation.

scholarly journals Anterior cruciate ligament ganglion: case report

2002 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 195-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Pedrinelli ◽  
Fábio Bonini Castellana ◽  
Ricardo Bragança de Vasconcellos Fontes ◽  
Rafael Ferreira Coelho ◽  
Luiz Álvaro de Menezes F°.
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

CONTEXT: A ganglion is a cystic formation close to joints or tendinous sheaths, frequently found in the wrist, foot or knee. Intra-articular ganglia of the knee are rare, and most of them are located in the anterior cruciate ligament. The clinical picture for these ganglia comprises pain and movement restrictions in the knee, causing significant impairment to the patient. Symptoms are non-specific, and anterior cruciate ligament ganglia are usually diagnosed through magnetic resonance imaging or arthroscopy. Not all ganglia diagnosed through magnetic resonance imaging need to undergo surgical treatment: only those that cause clinical signs and symptoms do. Surgical results are considered good or excellent in the vast majority of cases. CASE REPORT: A 29-year-old male presented with pain in the left knee during a marathon race. Physical examination revealed limitation in the maximum range of knee extension and pain in the posterior aspect of the left knee. Radiographs of the left knee were normal, but magnetic resonance imaging revealed a multi-lobed cystic structure adjacent to the anterior cruciate ligament, which resembled a ganglion cyst. The mass was removed through arthroscopy, and pathological examination revealed a synovial cyst. Patient recovery was excellent, and he resumed his usual training routine five months later.

scholarly journals Negative MRI findings in a case of degenerative myelopathy in a dog : clinical communication

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Okada ◽  
M. Kitagawa ◽  
K. Kanayama ◽  
H. Yamamura ◽  
T. Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Clinical Communication ◽  
Bladder Control ◽  
Blood Tests ◽  
Degenerative Myelopathy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

An 11-year-old male Rough collie was submitted with paraparesis, but did not respond to medical treatment. Clinical signs worsened and the dog displayed paralysis, inability to stand and loss of voluntary bladder control, whereupon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed. No significant abnormalities were identified from MRI, blood tests, cerebrospinal fluid tests or radiography. After MRI, the dog developed dyspnoea and died. Autopsy and subsequent histopathological examination led to a diagnosis of degenerative myelopathy.

scholarly journals Vulvar Lipoma: A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 647-649
Author(s):  
Ahmed Reda ◽  
Ihab Gomaa
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Rare Site ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Vulvar Mass

AbstractThe present study is a case report of vulvar lipoma. The vulva is a rare site for the development of lipomas, and the aim of the study is to determine if the current imaging modalities can diagnose lipomas correctly. A 43-year-old patient presented with a painless, slowly progressive, oval, mobile and non-tender right vulvar mass compressing the vagina and totally covering the introitus. Both the ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams suggested the diagnosis of lipoma. Surgical excision was performed, and the histopathological examination of the mass confirmed a lipoma.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy and Validity of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Detection of Speci!c Type of Brain Tumour

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Swati Munshi ◽  
Farid Ahmed ◽  
Bibekananda Halder ◽  
Abdullah Yousuf ◽  
Md Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Brain Tumour ◽  
Brain Tumours ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Test Validity ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Grade Iii

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a widely accessible imaging technique for the detection of brain tumours and cancer, which are further confirmed by histopathological examination. Accurate detection of the tumours and its extent is very difficult. The present study attempted to evaluate the convenience of MRI in detection of different grades of astrocytomas, which are the most commonly occurring brain tumours. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Radiology and Imaging with the collaboration of Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Pathology at Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC & MH), Dhaka from January 2013 to December 2013 for a period of one year. The study population was all the diagnosed cases of intracranial astrocytoma patients regardless of their age and sex. The studied included 48 brain tumour (astrocytoma) patients, ages between 13 and 69 years old. All cases having no contraindication for MRI underwent MR examination followed by histopathological examination of the postoperative resected tissues. The findings of the MRI and histopathological examination were compared to find out the test validity of the MRI findings of the different grades of astrocytoma’s. The highest sensitivity was found in grade III astrocytoma (90.5%) followed by grade II (85.7%) grade IV (75.0%) and grade I (60.0%). The highest specificity was found in grade I astrocytoma (97.7%) followed by Grade III (96.3%), grade IV (92.5%) and grade II (91.5%). The highest accuracy was found in both grade I astrocytoma (93.7%) and grade III (93.7%) followed by grade II (92.5%) and grade IV (89.6%). As per the study findings it can be concluded that,MRI has a high diagnostic accuracy and validity for the detection of different grades of astrocytoma. Bangladesh Med J. 2017 Sep; 46 (3): 85-89

scholarly journals Intraparenchymal extravasation of gadolinium mimicking an enhancing brain tumor

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J Ritchie ◽  
Charles Q Li ◽  
Reid Hoshide ◽  
Daniel Vinocur
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Intracranial Neoplasms ◽  
Vascular Abnormalities ◽  
First Case

Gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging plays an essential role in the detection, characterization, and staging of intracranial neoplasms and vascular abnormalities. Although Gd is helpful in a majority of situations, it can lead to diagnostic misinterpretation in the setting of active vascular extravasation. Scarce reports of intracranial extravasation of Gd are present in the literature. Here, we report the first case of surgically proven spontaneous intraparenchymal extravasation of Gd mimicking an enhancing intra-axial neoplasm in a pediatric patient. Early and accurate recognition of Gd extravasation is critical in obtaining the accurate diagnosis and triaging patients expeditiously into proper avenues of care.

Radiotherapy in the Maxillary Hemangioma

1996 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 610-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeles Rovirosa ◽  
Joan Berenguer ◽  
Alberto Sánchez-Reyes ◽  
Carlos Arias ◽  
Jordi Ferre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Rare Tumor ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
First Case ◽  
Tumor Reduction

We present the case of a large maxillary hemangioma treated by radiotherapy. Only 4 cases managed by radiotherapy have been reported in the literature, and most authors negate the radiosensitivity of the tumor. In our patient, the outcome was excellent; by 6 months tumor reduction was more than 50%. This is the first case referred to in the literature whose radiotherapy response was evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging. We describe the clinical and imaging findings of this very rare tumor and its evolution. We also comment on the literature reviewed.

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