scholarly journals Oncogramme, an Adapted Method for Individualized Tumour Response Testing of Ovary Cancer Treatments

Author(s):  
Stéphanie Giraud
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Emerens Wensink ◽  
Sjoerd G. Elias ◽  
Jasper Mullenders ◽  
Miriam Koopman ◽  
Sylvia F. Boj ◽  
...  

AbstractEffective predictive biomarkers are needed to enable personalized medicine and increase treatment efficacy and survival for cancer patients, thereby reducing toxic side effects and treatment costs. Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) enable individualized tumour response testing. Since 2018, 17 publications have examined PDOs as a potential predictive biomarker in the treatment of cancer patients. We review and provide a pooled analysis of the results regarding the use of PDOs in individualized tumour response testing, focusing on evidence for analytical validity, clinical validity and clinical utility. We identify future perspectives to accelerate the implementation of PDOs as a predictive biomarker in the treatment of cancer patients.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.D Rodriguez ◽  
L.F Horowitz ◽  
K. Castro ◽  
H. Kenerson ◽  
N. Bhattacharjee ◽  
...  

AbstractPresent approaches to assess cancer treatments are often inaccurate, costly, and/or cumbersome. Functional testing platforms that use live tumor cells are a promising tool both for drug development and for identifying the optimal therapy for a given patient, i.e. precision oncology. However, current methods that utilize patient-derived cells from dissociated tissue typically lack the microenvironment of the tumor tissue and/or cannot inform on a timescale rapid enough to guide decisions for patient-specific therapy. We have developed a microfluidic platform that allows for multiplexed drug testing of intact tumor slices cultured on a porous membrane. The device is digitally-manufactured in a biocompatible thermoplastic by laser-cutting and solvent bonding. Here we describe the fabrication process in detail, we characterize the fluidic performance of the device, and demonstrate on-device drug-response testing with tumor slices from xenografts and from a patient colorectal tumor.


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (38) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Lucia Stănculeanu ◽  
Carmen Ardeleanu ◽  
Daniela Zob ◽  
Raluca Ioana Mihăilă ◽  
Oana Cătălina Toma ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
German I. Todorov ◽  
Karthikeyan Mayilvahanan ◽  
David Ashurov ◽  
Catarina Cunha

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a pervasive developmental disorder, that is raising at a concerning rate. However, underlying mechanisms are still to be discovered. Obsessions and compulsions are the most debilitating aspect of these disorders (OCD), and they are the treatment priority for patients. SAPAP3 knock out mice present a reliable mouse model for repetitive compulsive behavior and are mechanistically closely related to the ASD mouse model Shank3 on a molecular level and AMPA receptor net effect. The phenotype of SAPAP3 knock out mice is obsessive grooming that leads to self-inflicted lesions by 4 months of age. Recent studies have accumulated evidence, that epigenetic mechanisms are important effectors in psychiatric conditions such as ASD and OCD. Methylation is the most studied mechanism, that recently lead to drug developments for more precise cancer treatments. We injected SAPAP3 mice with an epigenetic demethylation drug RG108 during pregnancy and delayed the onset of the phenotype in the offspring by 4 months. This result gives us clues about possible mechanism involved in OCD and ASD. Additionally, it shows that modulation of methylation mechanisms during development might be explored as a preventative treatment in the cases of high inherited risk of certain mental health conditions.


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