Detecting nitric oxide in free-living symbiotic dinoflagellates exposed to nanoparticles v1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liza M Roger ◽  
Nastassja Lewinski
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Fluorescent Indicator ◽  
Symbiotic Dinoflagellates ◽  
Oxidation Of No

Diaminofuorescein-2 diacetate (DAF-2 DA) is a fluorescent indicator of nitric oxide (NO). The DAF reacts with the nitric anhydride (N2O3) which formed by oxidation of NO. Upon crossing the cell membrane, esterases hydrolyse DAF-2 DA to DAF-2, which remains trapped within cells. The DAF-2 reacts to the oxidation of intracellular NO (or more accurately the N2O3) to produce the highly fluorescent triazolofluorescein (DAF-2T) by nitrosation and dehydration (Kojima et al., 1999). Protocol adapted from Bouchard & Yamasaki (2009) and Kojima et al. (1999)

Detecting reactive oxygen species in free-living symbiotic dinoflagellates exposed to nanoparticles v1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liza M M Roger ◽  
Nastassja Lewinski
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Fluorescent Probe ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Fluorescent Compound ◽  
H2o2 Formation ◽  
Symbiotic Dinoflagellates

2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) is a popular fluorescent probe for the detection of oxidative stress in cells. Since the probe can be prone to auto-oxidation, carboxy-2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein-diacetate (carboxy-H2DCF-DA) which is more stable and easily penetrates cell membranes is often reported in the literature instead. Upon crossing the cell membrane, esterases hydrolyse DCFH-DA to DCFH, which remains trapped within cells. The oxidation of DCFH yields DCF, a fluorescent compound which can be measured using excitation/emission wavelengths of 485-495/520-530 nm. Due to several cases of interference when used in cellular systems, DCFH-DA is a general marker of the cellular oxidative stress rather than a specific indicator H2O2 formation or other ROS.

scholarly journals Schistosoma mansoni: Use of a fluorescent indicator to detect nitric oxide and related species in living parasites

2006 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea B. Kohn ◽  
Jeanne M. Lea ◽  
Leonid L. Moroz ◽  
Robert M. Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Fluorescent Indicator

An Electron Microscope study of a Small Free-living Amoeba (Hartmanella astronyxis)

1959 ◽  
Vol s3-100 (49) ◽  
pp. 13-15
Author(s):  
K. DEUTSCH ◽  
M. M. SWANN
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Nuclear Membrane ◽  
Layered Structure ◽  
Microscope Study ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Honeycomb Structure ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Free Living Amoeba

The fine structure of a species of small free-living amoeba, Hartmanella astronyxis, has been investigated. The mitochondria resemble those of other species of amoeba. Structureless bodies of about the same size as mitochondria are sometimes found in association with them. Double membranes are common in the cytoplasm, and may show granules along their outer borders. The nuclear membrane is a double-layered structure, with a honeycomb structure evident in tangential sections. The cell membrane is also double-layered, or occasionally multi-layered.

scholarly journals Development of a Fluorescent Indicator for the Bioimaging of Nitric Oxide.

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1229-1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotatsu KOJIMA ◽  
Kuniko SAKURAI ◽  
Kazuya KIKUCHI ◽  
Shigenori KAWAHARA ◽  
Yutaka KIRINO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Fluorescent Indicator

Nitric oxide generated by the compound RuBPY promotes the vascular smooth cell membrane hyperpolarization

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 604-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda C. Pereira ◽  
Claure N. Lunardi ◽  
Michele Paulo ◽  
Roberto S. da Silva ◽  
Lusiane M. Bendhack
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Membrane Hyperpolarization

Taming NO oxidation efficiency by γ-MnO2 morphology regulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5996-6005
Author(s):  
Lei Chen ◽  
Jinping Zhang ◽  
Yuxin Li ◽  
Xiaomei Wu ◽  
Zaoxiao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
No Oxidation ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Oxidation Efficiency ◽  
Oxidation Of No

Nitric oxide (NO) emitted from the combustion of fossil fuels has drawn global concern, and the oxidation of NO contributes greatly to the DeNOx process.

scholarly journals Polysulfide-triggered fluorescent indicator suitable for super-resolution microscopy and application in imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (30) ◽  
pp. 3735-3738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anila Hoskere A. ◽  
Sreejesh Sreedharan ◽  
Firoj Ali ◽  
Carl G. Smythe ◽  
Jim A. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Molecular Probe ◽  
Fluorescent Indicator ◽  
Super Resolution Microscopy

A new physiologically benign and cell membrane permeable BODIPY based molecular probe, MB-Sn, specifically senses intracellular hydrogen polysulfides (H2Sn, n > 1) localized in the endoplasmic reticulum.

scholarly journals Structural rearrangements drive extensive genome divergence between symbiotic and free-living Symbiodinium

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl A. González-Pech ◽  
Timothy G. Stephens ◽  
Yibi Chen ◽  
Amin R. Mohamed ◽  
Yuanyuan Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Homologous Gene ◽  
Structural Rearrangements ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Symbiotic Dinoflagellates ◽  
Genome Assemblies

AbstractSymbiodiniaceae are predominantly symbiotic dinoflagellates critical to corals and other reef organisms. Symbiodinium is a basal symbiodiniacean lineage and includes symbiotic and free-living taxa. However, the molecular mechanisms underpinning these distinct lifestyles remain little known. Here, we present high-quality de novo genome assemblies for the symbiotic Symbiodinium tridacnidorum CCMP2592 (genome size 1.3 Gbp) and the free-living Symbiodinium natans CCMP2548 (genome size 0.74 Gbp). These genomes display extensive sequence divergence, sharing only ~1.5% conserved regions (≥90% identity). We predicted 45,474 and 35,270 genes for S. tridacnidorum and S. natans, respectively; of the 58,541 homologous gene families, 28.5% are common to both genomes. We recovered a greater extent of gene duplication and higher abundance of repeats, transposable elements and pseudogenes in the genome of S. tridacnidorum than in that of S. natans. These findings demonstrate that genome structural rearrangements are pertinent to distinct lifestyles in Symbiodinium, and may contribute to the vast genetic diversity within the genus, and more broadly in Symbiodiniaceae. Moreover, the results from our whole-genome comparisons against a free-living outgroup support the notion that the symbiotic lifestyle is a derived trait in, and that the free-living lifestyle is ancestral to, Symbiodinium.

Sodium gradient-dependent transport of magnesium in rat ventricular myocytes

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (6) ◽  
pp. C1955-C1962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiko Tashiro ◽  
Masato Konishi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Ventricular Myocytes ◽  
Hill Coefficient ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Maximal Rate ◽  
Influx Rate ◽  
Fluorescent Indicator ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Sodium Gradient ◽  
Dependent Transport

Cytoplasmic concentration of Mg2+([Mg2+]i) was measured with a fluorescent indicator furaptra in ventricular myocytes enzymatically dissociated from rat hearts (25°C). To study Mg2+ transport across the cell membrane, cells were treated with ionomycin in Ca2+-free (0.1 mM EGTA) and high-Mg2+ (10 mM) conditions to facilitate passive Mg2+ influx. Rate of rise of [Mg2+]i due to the net Mg2+influx was significantly smaller in the presence of 130 mM extracellular Na+ than in its absence. We also tested the extracellular Na+ dependence of the net Mg2+efflux from cells loaded with Mg2+. After [Mg2+]i was raised by ionomycin and high Mg2+ to the level 0.5–0.6 mM above the basal value (∼0.7 mM), washout of ionomycin and lowering extracellular [Mg2+] to 1.2 mM caused rapid decline of [Mg2+]i in the presence of 140 mM Na+. This net efflux of Mg2+ was completely inhibited by withdrawal of extracellular Na+ and was largely attenuated by imipramine, a known inhibitor of Na+/Mg2+ exchange, with 50% inhibition at 79 μM. The relation between the rate of net Mg2+ efflux and extracellular Na+ concentration ([Na+]o) had a Hill coefficient of 2 and [Na+]o at half-maximal rate of 82 mM. These results demonstrate the presence of Na+ gradient-dependent Mg2+ transport, which is consistent with Na+/Mg2+ exchange, in cardiac myocytes.

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