scholarly journals Code-Switching (Russian – English) in the Discourse of IT-Specialists from Moscow

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1581-1591
Author(s):  
Margarita A. Burdygina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Special Interest ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Frame Model ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Digital Language ◽  
Linguistic Approach ◽  
The Impact

The paper proposes a linguistic approach to studying code-switching in IT discourse of Moscovian IT specialists. The topic is of special interest since nowadays code-switching dominates in a number of professional spheres such as informational technologies, marketing and telecommunications. It also becomes a new language for the modern generation and moreover, a necessary tool for establishing contacts and demonstrating community affiliation. This new code exists not only within workplaces but also beyond them, that is why the aim of the article is to present an in-depth research into how IT discourse shapes Russian digital language on the whole. The methodology used for research is the Matrix Language Frame Model by C. Myers-Scotton (1993). The language units, which are represented by code-switches, are also analyzed in terms of their syntactic, morphological features and pragmatic functions. The research carried among more than 200 IT‑specialists provided a thorough understanding of linguistic features and pragmatic functions of the collected code-switches and what is more, proved the impact of the sociolect on the Russian digital language

Sanzhi–Russian code switching and the Matrix Language Frame model

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1448-1468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Forker
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Uniform Structure ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Frame Model ◽  
Languages In Contact ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: The study represents the first attempt to analyze intrasentantial code switching in an indigenous language from the Caucasus (the Nakh- Daghestanian language Sanzhi Dargwa) in contact with Russian. It also tests borrowing/code switching hierarchies that target parts of speech. Methodology: The study applies the Matrix Language Frame model developed by Myers-Scotton to data from Sanzhi. Data and analysis: The analyzed data consist of around 6,000 tokens of natural texts (monologues) produced by six male speakers and recorded in the main settlement of the Sanzhi speech community in Daghestan (Russian Federation). The original data are compared to published data from other languages in contact with Russian. The Sanzhi data are analyzed by means of the Matrix Language Frame model, focusing on intraclausal code switching. Findings: The Sanzhi data can largely be analyzed within the Matrix Language Frame model, confirming thus the ‘Uniform Structure Principle’ posed by Myers-Scotton. However, there are also a few instances of code switching in which embedded language and matrix language cannot be identified, which prevents application of the model. Furthermore, the study replicated findings on borrowing/code switching hierarchies for parts of speech, that is, the preference for insertions of nouns and other parts of speech from the open classes in comparison with the relative scarcity of inserted pronouns or adpositions (closed classes). Originality: This is the first attempt to apply the Matrix Language Frame model to code switching between a Caucasian language and Russian and constitutes a new approach to the study of language contact in the Caucasus and, more generally, to the impact on Russian of minority languages in the Russian Federation. Implications: The results suggest that the Matrix Language Frame model could also be applied to other languages in contact with Russian and with a similar sociolinguistic profile, such as Sanzhi.

scholarly journals Evaluating the predictions of three syntactic frameworks for mixed determiner–noun constructions

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Duran Eppler ◽  
Adrian Luescher ◽  
Margaret Deuchar
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
The Other ◽  
Frame Model ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Language Membership

AbstractThis paper presents a comparative evaluation of three linguistic frameworks, the Minimalist Programme (MP), Word Grammar (WG) and the Matrix Language Frame Model (MLF), regarding their predictions of possible combinations in a corpus of 187 German–English code-switched (CS) determiner–noun constructions. The comparison revealed a significant difference in the accuracy of the predictions between the MP and WG, but not between the other frameworks. We draw attention to the fact that while WG and MP deal with the processes of feature agreement between determiner and noun, the MLF is concerned with a broader notion of agreement in language membership. We suggest that advances in our understanding of grammaticality in code-switching will be achieved by combining the insights of all three frameworks instead of considering them in isolation.

Determiner-noun code-switching in Spanish heritage speakers

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARAH FAIRCHILD ◽  
JANET G. VAN HELL
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Minimalist Program ◽  
Heritage Speakers ◽  
Frame Model ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Spanish Heritage Speakers ◽  
English Noun

Code-switching is prevalent in bilingual speech, and follows specific syntactic constraints. Several theories have been proposed to explain these constraints, and in this paper we focus on the Minimalist Program and the Matrix Language Frame model. Using a determiner-noun picture naming paradigm, we tested the ability of these theories to explain determiner-noun code-switches in Spanish–English bilinguals. The Minimalist Program predicts that speakers will use the determiner from the gendered language, whereas the Matrix Language Frame model predicts that the determiner will come from the language that dominates the syntactic structure in a code-switched utterance. We observed that the bilinguals had slowest naming times and decreased accuracy in Spanish determiner - English noun conditions (‘el dog’), and that adding a Matrix Language did not modulate this pattern. Although our results do not align with either theory, we conclude that they can be explained by the WEAVER++ model of speech production.

Welsh-English code-switching and the Matrix Language Frame model

Lingua ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 1986-2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Deuchar
Keyword(s):  
Code Switching ◽  
Frame Model ◽  
The Matrix

Methodological Considerations in Code-Switching Research

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kay González-Vilbazo ◽  
Laura Bartlett ◽  
Sarah Downey ◽  
Shane Ebert ◽  
Jeanne Heil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Participant Selection ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Linguistic Inquiry ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis article addresses methodological concerns in research on grammatical aspects of code-switching. Data from code-switching have the potential for a unique contribution to linguistics by giving us access to combinations of linguistic features that may be difficult (or impossible) to observe in monolingual data. Nonetheless, the use of code-switching data for linguistic inquiry is not without issues. In this paper, we focus on three methodological questions specific to code-switching research: (i) project design, (ii) experimental procedure and (iii) participant selection. Drawing on experimental data from both published works and in-progress projects, we highlight potential solutions to each methodological challenge, concluding that several solutions are often required to mitigate the impact of confounding variables. In line with previous work (e.g. Grosjean 1998, Gullberg, Indefrey & Muysken 2009), we suggest that researchers clearly report on their methodology. Our overall goal is to contribute to a dialogue on best practices in code-switching research.

scholarly journals Adjectives in Spanish/English code-switching

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osmer Balam ◽  
María del Carmen Parafita Couto
Keyword(s):  
Code Switching ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Distinguishing Characteristic ◽  
Determiner Phrases ◽  
Frame Model ◽  
Linguistic Resources ◽  
Minimalist Approach ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Attributive Adjectives

Abstract The current study investigates DP-internal adjectives in Spanish/English code-switching (CS). Specifically, we analyze two concomitant phenomena that have been previously investigated; namely, the distributional frequency and placement of adjectives in mixed determiner phrases (DPs). A total of 1680 DPs (477 monolingual Spanish and 1203 Spanish/English DPs), extracted from sociolinguistic interviews with 62 consultants from Northern Belize, were quantitatively examined. This paper is the first of its kind to examine adjectives in the innovative Spanish/English CS variety of Northern Belize, an understudied context where bilingual CS has thrived among younger generations. The distributional and statistical analyses revealed that the avoidance of Spanish attributive adjectives and overt gender marking is a distinguishing characteristic of mixed DPs but not monolingual Spanish DPs, a finding that supports Otheguy and Lapidus’ (2003) adaptive simplification hypothesis. In terms of adjective placement, both the Matrix Language Frame model and the Minimalist approach to CS were able to account for mixed noun-adjective DPs, with the exception of a few cases that could only be predicted by the former model. The present analysis highlights the pivotal role that simplification and convergence play in code-switchers’ optimization of linguistic resources in bi/multilingual discourse.

Structural convergence and language change: Evidence from Serbian/English code-switching

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena M. Savić
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Frame Model ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Switching Matrix ◽  
Bilingual Communities ◽  
Source Of Information

ABSTRACTThis study investigates how the process of structural convergence common in many bilingual communities (cf. Clyne 1987, 1994) interacts with the process of code-switching. Data on Serbian/English code-switching indicate that there the process of structural convergence is reshaping the Serbian variety spoken by bilingual speakers. This process is reflected in code-switching situations in the form of what Myers-Scotton 1993b calls “matrix language” (ML) turnover: the matrix language in code-switched utterances can only be assigned if one considers the process of structural convergence occurring in Serbian. These data indicate that code-switched utterances in which the diachronic ML turnover is under-way present a very useful source of information not only for the analysis of code-switching, but also for the analysis of language change under conditions of contact. The findings of this study strongly suggest that any theoretical model of code-switching which aims at achieving universality needs also to take into consideration the results of the structural convergence that affects linguistic varieties in many code-switching bilingual communities. (Structural convergence and language change, Serbian, code-switching, Matrix Language Frame model)

English single content morphemes in Persian structure: Applying the Matrix Language Frame Model (MLF) and 4M Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-453
Author(s):  
Marzieh Hadei ◽  
Rita AR Ramakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Public University ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Frame Model ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
English Bilingual ◽  
The Matrix

Aim and objective: The aim of this study is to show how different English single content morphemes, in particular nouns and adjectives, occur in the Persian structure by applying the Matrix Language Frame and 4M models. Methodology: The data collection in the present study includes tape-recordings of spontaneous conversations involving 12 Persian–English bilingual speakers at a public university in Malaysia. The IELTS participants’ scores were 6.0 or higher and they were between 20 and 40 years old. Data and analysis: Qualitatively, 8 hours of tape-recorded conversations were transcribed and coded carefully according to the Canonical Trilinear Representation. Quantitatively, the English content morphemes, especially nouns and adjectives, were analysed syntactically and morphosyntactically to show how they grammatically occur in the bilingual complementiser phrases. Findings and conclusions: The findings of this study reveal that code-switching was permissible even when it led to structural dissimilarity. Wherever it was required by a Persian principle, the inserted English elements, particularly nouns and adjectives, received different Persian markers. They may also appear without any Persian marker where required by the Persian grammar. Moreover, the data supported the Matrix Language Frame and 4M models’ principles, Morpheme order principle and System morpheme principle, and no counterexample appeared against the mentioned models. Originality/significance/implication: There are few studies on code-switching between Persian and English that focus on typological differences between the languages involved and the use of the Matrix Language Frame model and 4M model. Thus, the present study contributes knowledge in the field of code-switching between Persian and English and discusses how English single content morphemes, particularly nouns and adjectives, occur in the Persian structure by applying both the Matrix Language Frame model and 4M model as references.

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