Stripe Rust: A Review of the Disease, Yr Genes and its Molecular Markers

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiormis Westend f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important foliar diseases of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. Stripe rust resistance genes Yr27, Yr31, YrSp, YrV23, and YrCN19 on chromosome 2BS confer resistance to some or all Chinese P. striiormis f. sp. tritici races CYR31, CYR32, SY11-4, and SY11-14 in the greenhouse. To screen microsatellite (SSR) markers linked with YrCN19, F1, F2, and F3 populations derived from cross Ch377/CN19 were screened with race CYR32 and 35 SSR primer pairs. Linkage analysis indicated that the single dominant gene YrCN19 in cultivar CN19 was linked with SSR markers Xgwm410, Xgwm374, Xwmc477, and Xgwm382 on chromosome 2BS with genetic distances of 0.3, 7.9, 12.3, and 21.2 cM, respectively. Crosses of CN19 with wheat lines carrying other genes on chromosome 2B showed that all were located at different loci. YrCN19 is thus different from the other reported Yr genes in chromosomal location and resistance response and was therefore named Yr41. Prospects and strategies of using Yr41 and other Yr genes in wheat improvement for stripe rust resistance are discussed.

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Evaluation of Pakistan wheat germplasms for stripe rust resistance using molecular markers

Science China Life Sciences ◽

10.1007/s11427-010-4052-y ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 53 (9) ◽

pp. 1123-1134 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Tabassum Sobia ◽

Ashraf Muhammad ◽

XianMing Chen

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Stripe Rust ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance

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High-temperature adult-plant resistance to stripe rust in facultative winter wheat

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp16073 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 67 (10) ◽

pp. 1064 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Beyhan Akin ◽

Xian Ming Chen ◽

Alex Morgunov ◽

Nusret Zencirci ◽

Anmin Wan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

High Temperature ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Stripe Rust ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Yellow Rust ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Improvement Program

Stripe (yellow) rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Erikss., is one of the most damaging diseases in wheat and is especially damaging for winter and facultative wheat. The objective of this study was to understand stripe rust resistance in 100 wheat and facultative wheat entries from the International Winter Wheat Improvement Program by conducting experiments in a greenhouse and in four field environments in Washington State, USA, and by genotyping molecular markers linked to Yr genes. Percentages of entries resistant to the rust races at the seedling stage were: PST-17, 44%; PST-37, 32%; PST-43, 45%; PST-45, 49%; PST-116, 18%; PST-100, 17%; and PST-127, 8%. Molecular markers were positive for genes Yr9, Yr17, and Yr18 and negative for Yr5, Yr10, and Yr15. Yr18 was present in 44 entries (44%). By using the highly virulent races PST-127 and PST-100 under controlled conditions, 16 entries were shown to have high-temperature adult-plant (HTAP) resistance and resistant–moderately resistant field reactions at all four field sites. Resistant entries, especially those with HTAP resistance, were also identified in the field experiments.

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Development of resistance gene analog polymorphism markers for the Yr9 gene resistance to wheat stripe rust

Genome ◽

10.1139/g01-028 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 509-516 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Z X Shi ◽

X M Chen ◽

R F Line ◽

H Leung ◽

C R Wellings

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Resistance Gene ◽

Stripe Rust ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Resistance Gene Analog ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance ◽

Isogenic Line ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Development Of Resistance ◽

Rye Translocations

The Yr9 gene, which confers resistance to stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici (P. s. tritici) and originated from rye, is present in many wheat cultivars. To develop molecular markers for Yr9, a Yr9 near-isogenic line, near-isogenic lines with nine other Yr genes, and the recurrent wheat parent 'Avocet Susceptible' were evaluated for resistance in the seedling stage to North American P. s. tritici races under controlled temperature in the greenhouse. The resistance gene analog polymorphism (RGAP) technique was used to identify molecular markers for Yr9. The BC7:F2 and BC7:F3 progeny, which were developed by backcrossing the Yr9 donor wheat cultivar Clement with 'Avocet Susceptible', were evaluated for resistance to stripe rust races. Genomic DNA was extracted from 203 BC7:F2 plants and used for cosegregation analysis. Of 16 RGAP markers confirmed by cosegregation analysis, 4 were coincident with Yr9 and 12 were closely linked to Yr9 with a genetic distance ranging from 1 to 18 cM. Analyses of nulli-tetrasomic 'Chinese Spring' lines with the codominant RGAP marker Xwgp13 confirmed that the markers and Yr9 were located on chromosome 1B. Six wheat cultivars reported to have 1B/1R wheat-rye translocations and, presumably, Yr9, and two rye cultivars were inoculated with four races of P. s. tritici and tested with 9 of the 16 RGAP markers. Results of these tests indicate that 'Clement', 'Aurora', 'Lovrin 10', 'Lovrin 13', and 'Riebesel 47/51' have Yr9 and that 'Weique' does not have Yr9. The genetic information and molecular markers obtained from this study should be useful in cloning Yr9, in identifying germplasm that may have Yr9, and in using marker-assisted selection for combining Yr9 with other stripe rust resistance genes.Key words: molecular markers, Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici, resistance gene analog polymorphism, Triticum aestivum.

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Characterization of a wheat–tetraploid Thinopyrum elongatum 1E(1D) substitution line K17–841-1 by cytological and phenotypic analysis and developed molecular markers

BMC Genomics ◽

10.1186/s12864-019-6359-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Daiyan Li ◽

Juwei Zhang ◽

Haijiao Liu ◽

Binwen Tan ◽

Wei Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Stripe Rust ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Substitution Line ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance ◽

Head Blight ◽

Phenotypic Analysis ◽

Complex Species ◽

Thinopyrum Elongatum ◽

Promising Source

Abstract Background Tetraploid Thinopyrum elongatum (2n = 4x = 28) is a promising source of useful genes, including those related to adaptability and resistance to diverse biotic (Fusarium head blight, rust, powdery mildew, and yellow dwarf virus) and abiotic (cold, drought, and salt) stresses. However, gene transfer rates are low for this species and relatively few species-specific molecular markers are available. Results The wheat-tetraploid Th. elongatum line K17–841-1 derived from a cross between a hexaploid Trititrigia and Sichuan wheat cultivars was characterized based on sequential genomic and fluorescence in situ hybridizations and simple sequence repeat markers. We revealed that K17–841-1 is a 1E (1D) chromosomal substitution line that is highly resistant to stripe rust pathogen strains prevalent in China. By comparing the sequences generated during genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS), we obtained 597 specific fragments on the 1E chromosome of tetraploid Th. elongatum. A total of 235 primers were designed and 165 new Th. elongatum-specific markers were developed, with an efficiency of up to 70%. Marker validation analyses indicated that 25 specific markers can discriminate between the tetraploid Th. elongatum chromosomes and the chromosomes of other wheat-related species. An evaluation of the utility of these markers in a F2 breeding population suggested these markers are linked to the stripe rust resistance gene on chromosome 1E. Furthermore, 28 markers are unique to diploid Th. elongatum, tetraploid Th. elongatum, or decaploid Thinopyrum ponticum, which carry the E genome. Finally, 48 and 74 markers revealed polymorphisms between Thinopyrum E-genome- containing species and Thinopyrum bessarabicum (Eb) and Pseudoroegneria libanotica (St), respectively. Conclusions This new substitution line provide appropriate bridge–breeding–materials for alien gene introgression to improve wheat stripe rust resistance. The markers developed using GBS technology in this study may be useful for the high-throughput and accurate detection of tetraploid Th. elongatum DNA in diverse materials. They may also be relevant for investigating the genetic differences and phylogenetic relationships among E, Eb, St, and other closely-related genomes and for further characterizing these complex species.

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Characterization of New Wheat-Dasypyrum breviaristatum Introgression Lines with Superior Gene(s) for Spike Length and Stripe Rust Resistance

Cytogenetic and Genome Research ◽

10.1159/000493562 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 156 (2) ◽

pp. 117-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hongjin Wang ◽

Zhihui Yu ◽

Bin Li ◽

Tao Lang ◽

Guangrong Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Stripe Rust ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Field Evaluation ◽

Spike Length ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance Gene ◽

Fraction Length ◽

Dasypyrum Breviaristatum

Dasypyrum breviaristatum (genome VbVb) contains potentially important traits for commercial wheat production. Chromosome 2Vb of D. breviaristatum carries several desirable agronomic characters, including long spike length as well as enhanced resistance to stripe rust, which are expressed in a common wheat background. In this study, wheat-D. breviaristatum 2Vb deletion lines were produced and identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and 74 molecular markers specific to D. breviaristatum chromosome 2Vb were physically localized in 4 distinct chromosomal regions. New wheat-D. breviaristatum 2Vb translocation lines were also characterized by FISH. The breakpoint of the translocation T3AS.3AL-2VbS was determined by physically mapped molecular markers. Field evaluation revealed that genes affecting plant height and spike length are located on fraction length (FL) 0.65-1.00 of 2VbS, while the stripe rust resistance gene(s) are located on FL 0.40-1.00 of D. breviaristatum chromosome 2VbL. The newly characterized wheat-Dasypyrum chromosomal introgressions are of potential value for the improvement of the yield and disease resistance of wheat.

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Development of Race-Specific SCAR Markers for Detection of Chinese Races CYR32 and CYR33 of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-94-2-0221 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 94 (2) ◽

pp. 221-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Baotong Wang ◽

Xiaoping Hu ◽

Qiang Li ◽

Baojun Hao ◽

Bo Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Stripe Rust ◽

Genomic Dna ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Scar Markers ◽

Wheat Stripe Rust ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽

Wheat Leaves

Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is a devastating disease in China. Races CYR32 and CYR33 have been predominant in the recent P. striiformis f. sp. tritici population. To develop molecular markers for these races, initially 86 isolates, most of which were collected in 2007 throughout China, were tested on the set of wheat genotypes for differentiating Chinese P. striiformis f. sp. tritici races, and their genomic DNA were amplified with 94 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers. Twelve isolates were identified as CYR33, 14 as CYR32, and 60 as 13 other races. A 320-bp band was identified to be associated with CYR32 with primer S1271 (5′-CTTCTCGGTC-3′), and a 550-bp band was identified to be specific to CYR33 with primer S1304 (5′-AGGAGCGACA-3′). The two bands were cloned and sequenced. Based on the sequences, sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers CYR32sp1/sp2 and CYR33sp1/sp2 were developed to differentiate CYR32 and CYR33, respectively, from other races. The SCAR markers were validated with DNA samples from wheat leaves inoculated with selected isolates from the 86 isolates and urediniospore DNA samples from an additional 63 isolates collected from 2006 to 2009. The detection of CYR32 and CYR33 with the SCAR markers was completely consistent with the results of the race identification with the set of differential wheat genotypes. Thus, the markers are highly reliable for identification of the two races.

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