scholarly journals Disaster Governance and Vulnerability: The Case of Chile

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Sandoval ◽  
Martin Voss
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Disaster Vulnerability ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
Shed Light

This exploratory work seeks to shed light on disaster governance by looking into potential linkages between the production of vulnerability and disaster governance in Chile. Our point of investigation is the case of post-disaster Chaitén and the Chilean model of Disaster Risk Management. The work begins by situating disaster governance and the production of vulnerability in a broader context of existing governance system that includes a multiplicity of actors and socio-economic, socio-ecological, and political processes. Coming from a multi-scalar perspective, we use the disaster Pressure and Release (PAR) model to enable a differentiated analysis of the multiplicity of actors, rules, and processes related to DRM that participate in the production of disaster vulnerability in the current Chaitén. With this we address the questions as to ‘why’ the Chilean model of DRM is prominently centralised and ‘what’ are the effects on the production of disaster vulnerability for the case of post-disaster Chaitén.

scholarly journals Preliminary assessment of the gender aspects of disaster vulnerability and loss of human life in South Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Tandlich ◽  
Tatenda G. Chirenda ◽  
Chandra S.S. Srinivas
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Disaster Vulnerability ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
Gender Aspects

South Africa has reached a medium level of human development and has a heterogeneous situation with respect to disaster risk management. In this article, a preliminary assessment of the gender aspects of disaster vulnerability and fatalities is presented. The United Nations, the Health Systems Trust and Statistics South Africa were used as data sources for the following gender-segregated values: the life expectancy at birth, unemployment rates, the human development index values, the maternal mortality rates and the number of deaths from unnatural and non-natural causes. The relevant inequality indices were then calculated and used to draw conclusions regarding the gender aspects of disaster risk management in South Africa. Results of the calculations indicate that between 1980 and 2011 men were 10% more vulnerable with respect to their health status. However, the gender differences have been decreasing in recent years. Access of women to healthcare is decreasing with time, potentially decreasing the recovery potential of whole families. Women are more economically vulnerable than men in South Africa, as they are 16.3% – 33% more likely to be unemployed than men. Educational status of both genders in South Africa is comparable based on literacy and enrolment rates at primary and secondary level. On the other hand, men are five times more likely to suffer fatal injuries during disasters.

Reconstruction of heritage in Bhaktapur, Nepal: examining tensions and negotiations between the “local” and the “global”

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanicka Arora
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Disaster Recovery ◽  
Local Politics ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
2015 Gorkha Earthquake ◽  
Post Disaster

PurposeCultural heritage, specifically built heritage – including monuments, urban ensembles, religious and palatial complexes – has emerged as a central focus of tensions and negotiations within the post-disaster recovery landscape in Nepal following the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake. This not only reflects a growing recognition of heritage within international disaster risk management frameworks, but also responds to the critical role played by heritage at national, regional and local levels. The paper aims to examine the entangled realities of “local” and “global” operating in ongoing reconstruction of built heritage in Bhaktapur, Nepal.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is an account of reconstruction practices observed in Bhaktapur between 2018 and 2020. It is based on data collected by layering ethnographic methods with textual and historical analysis. In seeking to analyse manifestations of global and local, the author presents reflections from fieldwork carried over seven months in Bhaktapur and describes the micro-politics enacted out between researcher, heritage custodians, translators, intermediaries and participants.FindingsReconstruction of built heritage in Bhaktapur negotiates between developmentalist-paradigms of post-disaster recovery, heritage conservation discourses as well as religious and quotidian practices of care. It is simultaneously informed by global institutions and policy and local politics and aspirations that operate in constant tension and negotiation.Originality/valueThe current study responds to the call for reframing research agendas and practices set out in the Disaster Studies Manifesto by critically engaging with ideas of local and global. The study builds on the growing body of research linking heritage with disaster risk management.

Community-based Mountain Disaster Risk Management during Emergency Evacuation Process: Evidence from China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Chen ◽  
Peng Cui ◽  
Shengnan Wu ◽  
Rongzhi Tan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Mountain Hazards ◽  
Post Disaster ◽  
Mountain Disasters

<p>The frequent occurrences of mountain disasters have posed a huge threat to the safety of life and property of settlement residents, which bring serious challenges to the post-disaster reconstruction and sustainable development of the affected area, especially in countryside resort areas. The countryside resort areas are populated with tourists whose risk perception and risk behaviours against mountain hazards are unpredictable, which has made the evacuation difficult or even worsened the situation when mountain hazards occur. How to evacuate evacuees to safety in mountain disasters is an important issue for disaster emergency management. By far, little attention has been given to emergency evacuation during mountain disasters in China. Based on mountain disaster events from 2008 to 2019, and 1385 households samples that obtained by stratified random sampling and questionnaire survey, this study has proved ‘Public Participation Monitoring and Warning System’ (PPMWS) is an essential tool to reduce related deaths. Furthermore, the roles and interfaces of different stakeholders in emergency evacuation process are discussed for the purpose to find out the unforeseen circumstances and vulnerable spots. The results show that the farmhouse owners and monitoring personnels play the key roles in emergency evacuation process. The evacuation model led by monitoring personnels is summarized and feasible measures to reduce risks and casualties of mountain disasters are proposed and applied in Longmenshan Town, Pengzhou, Sichuan. The results of this study will improve the efficiency of evacuation and provide scientific support for mountain disaster risk management in mountainous area.</p>

Disaster Risk Management and Reconstruction in Latin America

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bárbara Montoro ◽  
Pedro Ferradas ◽  
Miguel Muñoz ◽  
Douglas Azabache ◽  
Orlando Chuquisengo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management

Slopeland disaster risk management in tourism

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 759-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Hung Tsai ◽  
Shu-Chuan LinLiu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Management
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