The role of cytogenetic variation in Akodon cursor species complex speciation (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae)

Chromosome polymorphism in populations of Akodon cursor complex (124 specimens) and the karyotypes of other Akodon species (92 specimens) from Brazil were analyzed. Five species were analyzed: Akodon cursor with 2n = 14, and Akodon aff. cursor with 2n = 16, Akodon montensis with 2n = 24, Akodon paranaensis with 2n = 44 and Akodon serrensis with 2n = 46. Chromosome polymorphism was observed in A. cursor and A. aff. cursor showing pericentric inversions, and also in A. paranaensis and A. montensis presenting supernumerary chromosomes. Pericentric inversion polymorphism affecting two autosomes pairs in A. cursor karyotype was found in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Akodon with 2n = 16 occurred from Bahia to Rio Grande do Norte states and A. cursor with 2n = 14 from Bahia to Paraná states. Molecular analyses showed high genetic distance estimates between such set of samples, suggesting that karyomorphic type 2n = 16 is fixed in the northern part of the distribution of Akodon cursor complex. Captive hybrids males between Akodon [2n = 14] x [2n = 16] are apparently sterile, suggesting these populations may represent two full species.

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Deutsche Schule urbana - Collegio Allemão de Pelotas na rota da Verein Für das Deutschtum im Ausland (V.D.A.), 1921-1925, 1933 / Urban Deutsche Schule – German College of Pelotas on the Verein Für das Deutschtum im Ausland (V.D.A.) Route, 1921-1925, 1933

Revista de História e Historiografia da Educação ◽

10.5380/rhhe.v2i6.66034 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (6) ◽

pp. 80

Author(s):

Maria Angela Peter da Fonseca ◽

Elomar Antonio Callegaro Tambara

Keyword(s):

School Culture ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

The South ◽

Educational Project ◽

Cultura Escolar ◽

Didactic Material ◽

German College

Neste artigo enfoca-se o papel dos visitantes que chegavam à Deutsche Schule urbana, Collegio Allemão de Pelotas, no sul do Rio Grande do Sul, provenientes da Verein für das Deutschtum im Ausland (V.D.A.), (Sociedade de Apoio ao Deutschtum no Exterior), em 1921, 1923, 1924, 1925 e 1933, situada em Hamburgo e Berlim, na Alemanha. O objetivo desses visitantes era inspecionar o projeto educacional alemão e a manutenção do Deutschtum, que mesclava elementos do nacionalismo alemão, vigente, à cultura escolar deste educandário em tempos de Nacionalização do Ensino no Brasil. Consequência dessas visitas era o envio de livros, material didático e professores alemães, bem como a troca de correspondência entre os alunos do educandário de Pelotas e alunos alemães. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, bibliográfica e documental cujas fontes principais são os Relatórios Escolares da Deutsche Schule de Pelotas dos anos 1921, 1923, 1924, 1925 e 1933.* * *This paper focuses on the role of visitors arriving at the urban Deutsche Schule, German College of Pelotas, in the south of Rio Grande do Sul from the Verein für das Deutschtum im Ausland (VDA), a Society for Supporting Deutschtum Abroad, in 1921, 1923, 1924, 1925 and 1933, located in Hamburg and Berlin, Germany. The purpose of these visitors was to inspect the German educational project and the maintenance of the Deutschtum, which merged elements of German nationalism, in force, into the school culture of this educandário in times of Nationalization of Teaching in Brazil. The consequence of these visits was the sending of books, didactic material and German teachers, as well as the exchange of correspondence between the students of the educator of Pelotas and German students. It is a qualitative, bibliographical and documentary research whose main sources are the School Reports of the Deutsche Schule of Pelotas of years 1921, 1923, 1924, 1925 and 1933.

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Territorial males do not discriminate between local and novel plumage phenotypes in a tropical songbird species complex: implications for the role of social selection in trait evolution

Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology ◽

10.1007/s00265-021-02976-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Jorge Enrique Avendaño ◽

Carlos Daniel Cadena

Keyword(s):

Species Complex ◽

Social Selection ◽

Trait Evolution

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Evolutionary stoichiometry: The role of food quality for clonal differentiation and hybrid maintenance in a Daphnia species complex

Limnology and Oceanography ◽

10.4319/lo.2007.52.1.0385 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 385-394 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Bernd Seidendorf ◽

Maarten Boersma ◽

Klaus Schwenk

Keyword(s):

Food Quality ◽

Species Complex ◽

Daphnia Species

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Intra-regional transportation of a tugboat fouling community between the ports of recife and natal, northeast Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Oceanography ◽

10.1590/s1679-87592010000700002 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 58 (spe3) ◽

pp. 01-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Cristiane Maria Rocha Farrapeira ◽

Gledson Fabiano de Araujo Ferreira ◽

Deusinete de Oliveira Tenório

Keyword(s):

Rio Grande ◽

Nonindigenous Species ◽

Brazilian Coast ◽

Northeast Brazil ◽

Fouling Community

This study aimed to identify the incrusting and sedentary animals associated with the hull of a tugboat active in the ports of Pernambuco and later loaned to the port of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte. Thus, areas with dense biofouling were scraped and the species then classified in terms of their bioinvasive status for the Brazilian coast. Six were native to Brazil, two were cryptogenic and 16 nonindigenous; nine of the latter were classified as established (Musculus lateralis, Sphenia fragilis, Balanus trigonus, Biflustra savartii, Botrylloides nigrum, Didemnum psammatodes, Herdmania pallida, Microscosmus exasperatus, and Symplegma rubra) and three as invasive (Mytilopsis leucophaeta, Amphibalanus reticulatus, and Striatobalanus amaryllis). The presence of M. leucophaeata, Amphibalanus eburneus and A. reticulatus on the boat's hull propitiated their introduction onto the Natal coast. The occurrence of a great number of tunicate species in Natal reflected the port area's benthic diversity and facilitated the inclusion of two bivalves - Musculus lateralis and Sphenia fragilis - found in their siphons and in the interstices between colonies or individuals, respectively. The results show the role of biofouling on boat hulls in the introduction of nonindigenous species and that the port of Recife acts as a source of some species.

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Association of COMT Polymorphism and Academic Achievement among Female Undergraduate Students

Science Letters ◽

10.24191/sl.v15i2.13831 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 90-101

Author(s):

Norsuhaila Rosmimi Rosli ◽

◽

Tengku Shahrul Anuar engku Ahmad Basri ◽

Mohd Ilham Adenan ◽

Roziah Mohd Janor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Academic Achievement ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Cognitive Abilities ◽

Grade Point ◽

Dopaminergic Pathway ◽

Allele Specific ◽

Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽

Comt Polymorphism ◽

The One

Academic achievement may be influenced by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) polymorphism. A common functional polymorphism of COMT, the rs4680 is consistently being involved in the modulation of dopaminergic pathway and prefrontal cortex function which may predominantly affect cognitive functions. A total of 197 female participants were recruited in this study. The score of student’s grade point average (GPA) from the latest previous semester was used as the measurement of academic achievement. The COMT polymorphism was genotyped using tetra primer allele specific polymerase chain reaction. The findings indicated that there were 8 (4.1 %), 72 (36.5 %), and 117 (59.4 %) participants harbouring Met/Met, Met/Val, and Val/Val genotype for COMT polymorphism respectively. All the genotype distributions of COMT polymorphism were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (χ2 = 0.495, p > 0.05). The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) result demonstrated that participants bearing Met/Met genotype had a better achievement in GPA as compared to the other COMT genotypes (p = 0.001). These findings support evidence that the affective role of COMT polymorphism might overwhelm cognitive abilities in measures of academic achievement like GPA.

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Morphological and molecular characterisation of Xiphinema mazandaranense n. sp. (Dorylaimida: Longidoridae), a new member of the Xiphinema pyrenaicum species complex

Nematology ◽

10.1163/138855411x580768 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 109-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Majid Pedram ◽

Ebrahim Pourjam ◽

Robert T. Robbins ◽

Weimin Ye ◽

Mohammad Reza Atighi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Species Complex ◽

Small Subunit ◽

Molecular Characterisation ◽

Molecular Analyses ◽

Small Subunit Rdna ◽

Group 6 ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Juvenile Stages ◽

Female Genital

Xiphinema mazandaranense n. sp. is described and illustrated. The new species belongs to morphospecies group 6, which is characterised by having two equally developed female genital branches that have spines in the uteri and a short, rounded tail. The new species is characterised by having spines in the tubular portion of the uterus, body 3.7-5.2 mm long, odontostyle 163-173 μm long, odontophore 96-100 μm long, body 62-80 μm diam., rounded tail, four juvenile stages, males rare with three ventromedian supplements next to the adcloacal pair and spicules 85 μm long. The polytomous identification codes of the new species are: A4-B3-C7b-D6-E456-F45-G4-H2-I23-J7b-K2-L1. The new species appears closely related to the members of X. pyrenaicum group which are characterised by a rounded tail with or without an inconspicuous projecting bulge and a uterus devoid of Z-differentiation but showing spiniform structures. The new species differs from members of the X. pyrenaicum group, which includes the recently described X. iranicum, by a more rounded tail without any projection. Beside morphological and morphometric data, molecular analyses of the near-full-length small subunit rDNA gene (SSU) placed the new species in close relationship with some species belonging to Xiphinema morphospecies group 6 and further separated this species from the X. pyrenaicum complex.

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A Theologian Looks at Latin America

The Review of Politics ◽

10.1017/s003467050003415x ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 419-430

Author(s):

Gustave Weigel

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Latin America ◽

Rio Grande ◽

The United States ◽

Western Hemisphere ◽

The South ◽

World Power ◽

International Power ◽

The Way

One of the constant worries of the United States, since the role of a dominant world-power has been thrust on her, is the situation of Latin America. Relations with Canada require thought and preoccupation but they produce no deep concern. Canada and the United States understand each other and they form their policies in terms of friendly adjustment. Yet the same is not true when we consider the bloc of nations stretching to the south of the Rio Grande. They form two thirds of the geographic stretch of the western hemisphere, and they constitute a population equal to ours. The dependence on Latin America on the part of the United States in her capacity as an international power is evident. What is not evident is the way to make our friendship with our southern neighbors a more stable thing than the fragile arrangement which confronts us in the present.

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