scholarly journals Speech features in autism spectrum disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
U.A. Mamokhina

The article describes the features of speech development and functioning of people with autism spectrum disorders on the basis of foreign and Russian research in this field. The characteristic features of expressive speech in autism, uniqueness of communicative use and speech perception in connection with the peculiarities of perception of sensory stimuli are considered.

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-132
Author(s):  
Krykunenko Yu.O.

The effectiveness of the process of socialization of a child with autism spectrum disorders depends on a number of complex unresolved issues, as well as on the theoretical and methodological development of correctional programs. Despite the large number of works devoted to the study of various aspects of the development of children with ASD, it should be noted that in the domestic and foreign literature has not formed an established, full definition of this issue.The purpose of the article is to review the theoretical aspect of the study of speech features in autistic disorders in preschool children. The analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the problem of RAS, its essence, speech features and communicative interaction of children with others. Manifestations of speech development in preschool children with autism spectrum disorders that affect the process of socialization are characterized. The variety of behavioural features of children with ASD and personality traits are considered.It is established that autism spectrum disorders in children have a number of characterological features of development and behaviour that are not inherent in other nosologies, namely: stereotyped movements and manifestations, communication disorders (verbal and nonverbal), regression of interests, lack of interest in interacting with others. Most scientists have come to the conclusion, that RAS is a specific state of a child’s development, which manifests itself in sensory-perceptual disorders and deficits, and therefore requires detailed study and development of corrective techniques that will allow to correct personality development. It was found that preschoolers with autism spectrum disorders have a number of difficulties in establishing social interaction, which is associated with the characteristics of development, and significantly affects the process of socialization of the child in society. The researchers noted that the inclusive education of children with ASD should be based on two areas: behaviour correction and the formation of skills and abilities. Correction methods should be developed individually through a comprehensive approach to the individual.Key words: autistic disorders, ASD, speech development, communicative activity, socialization. Ефективність процесу соціалізації дитини з розладами аутистичного спектра залежить від низки складних невирішених питань, а також від теоретико-методологічного розроблення корекційних програм. Незважаючи на велику кількість праць, які присвячені дослідженню різних аспектів розвитку дітей з РАС, необхідно констатувати, що у вітчизняній та зарубіжній літературі так і не сформовано усталеної, повноцінної дефініції з цього питання.Мета статті – огляд теоретичного аспекту дослідження мовленнєвих особливостей у разі аутистичних порушень у дітей дошкільного віку. Проведений аналіз вітчизняної та зарубіжної літератури щодо проблеми виникнення РАС, його сутності, мовленнєвих особливостей і комунікативної взаємодії дітей з оточуючими. Охарактеризовані прояви мовленнєвого розвитку у дітей дошкільного віку з розладами аутистичного спектра, які впливають на процес соціалізації. Розглянуто різноманіття особливостей поведінки дітей з РАС та характерні риси особистості.Встановлено, що розлади аутистичного спектра у дітей мають низку характерологічних особливос-тей розвитку та поведінки, які не притаманні іншим нозологіям, а саме: стереотипність рухів та проявів, порушення комунікації (вербальної та невербальної), регідність інтересів, відсутність зацікавленості у взаємодії з оточуючими. Більшість науковців прийшли до думки, що РАС – це специфічний стан розвитку дитини, який проявляється у сенсорно-перцептивних розладах та дефіциті, а тому потребує детального вивчення та розроблення корекційних методик, які дадуть можливість корегувати розвиток особисто-сті. Виявлено, що дошкільники з розладами аутистичного спектра мають низку труднощів у встановленні соціальної взаємодії, що пов’язано з характерологічними особливостями розвитку, суттєво впли-ває на процес соціалізації дитини у суспільство. Дослідники зазначали, що інклюзивна освіта дітей з РАС повинна базуватися на двох напрямах: корекції поведінки та формування навичок та умінь. Мето-ди корекції повинні розроблятися індивідуально шляхом комплексного підходу до стану особистості.Ключові слова: аутистичні порушення, РАС, мовленнєвий розвиток, комунікативна діяльність, соціалізація.


2021 ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Oksana Vasilievna Stepkova ◽  
◽  
Natalia Vasilievna Kushnareva ◽  

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problem of the communicative skills development of primary school children with autism spectrum disorders using the information site. The purpose of the article is to highlight the possibilities of using the information site by teachers in the process of communication skills development in children with autism spectrum disorders. Research methodology and methods. The research is based on the methodology of a differentiated approach taking into account the age and individual capabilities of the schoolchildren, as well as the severity of the disorder. Various classifications of autism spectrum disorders have been analyzed, and special attention has been paid to the consideration of the peculiarities of speech development, namely, its communicative function. The stages of the research carried out in order to identify the level of communication skills development of children with autism spectrum disorders and the search for ways of corrective work are reflected. Research results. The results of experimental work with the use of an information site aimed to communication skills development of primary schoolchildren with autism spectrum disorders have been presented. Conclusion. In conclusion we should underline that the communicative skills are one of the main manifestations of autism spectrum disorders and teachers can use information technology (for example, an information site) to develop these skills.


2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 2891-2902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany G. Woynaroski ◽  
Leslie D. Kwakye ◽  
Jennifer H. Foss-Feig ◽  
Ryan A. Stevenson ◽  
Wendy L. Stone ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Gajić ◽  
Bojana Arsić ◽  
Aleksandra Bašić ◽  
Dragana Maćešić-Petrović ◽  
Ružica Zdravković Parezanović

The diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) itself can include problems with hyper responsiveness to different sensory stimuli. These difficulties can lead to different maladaptive behavioral manifestations and prevent children diagnosed with ASD from participating in certain activities. The aim of the present case study was to examine the effectiveness of shaping procedure application in order to increase compliance with haircutting with a six year old boy diagnosed with ASD. The procedure used for increasing compliance while getting a haircut was shaping and we divided the intervention into two phases. Phase one involved teaching the participant to tolerate the presence of the hair clipper on his head, while phase two consisted of increasing participant’s toleration of the sound emitted by the hair clipper. Generalization probe involved taking the participant into a hair salon, where he would receive hair grooming performed by a professional hair stylist. The child mastered phase one in 54 trials that were conducted during five sessions and mastered the goal time in phase two in 89 trials that were conducted during four sessions. In conclusion, shaping procedure appears to be an effective and efficient training procedure for teaching skills that are important for future everyday functioning in society of children with ASD, as well as basic hygiene skills, such as hair cutting. Study limitations and future research implications are discussed. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0758/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-79
Author(s):  
Kristina Kharatyan

Nowadays autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are on the list of most frequent childish disorders. It is characterized by communicational, behavioural, and emotional difficulties, unique manifestations of cognitive processes, lack of communicational initiative. ASD is a developmental disorder that occurs in early childhood, persists into adulthood, and affects three areas of development: communication, social partnership, and behavior. So, when the means of communication are incomplete or absent, the normal course of the child's development is being disrupted, social adaptation becomes impossible. For the effective organization of speech therapy intervention of children, it is necessary to start child`s rehabilitation work as   possible of the child's development: The author's long time professional experience (15 years) in working with these children indicates that one of the keys to the best effectiveness of communication and speech development is early intervention, which can be organized only after the early detection and diagnosis of children with ASD. One of the prerequisites for early diagnosis is to ensure the continuity of the awareness process among parents, which is the main goal of our article.


2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 1158-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shulamite A. Green ◽  
Jeffrey D. Rudie ◽  
Natalie L. Colich ◽  
Jeffrey J. Wood ◽  
David Shirinyan ◽  
...  

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