AN ANALYSIS OF EXPRESSIVE SPEECH ACTS OF THE MAIN CHARACTER IN JOKER MOVIE

This research was aimed to find out the types of expressive speech acts and the context of the expressive speech acts uttered by the main character in Joker movie. The design of the research was a descriptive qualitative research. The data source was Joker Movie directed by Todd Phillips The movie was released in 2019 and its duration was about 1 hour 55 minutes. The data of this research were utterances that included as expressive speech acts. The data were collected by watching, observing, and writing down the utterances indicated as expressive speech acts found in the movie. The data were analyzed by using formal and informal methods. The data were presented by using table (Formal method) and description (Informal method). The contexts of the utterances were analyzed by using SPEAKING model. The results of the analysis show that there are six classifications of expressive speech acts uttered by the main character in Joker Movie. The total number of expressive speech acts found in the movie was 27 utterances covering 7 utterances of greeting, 6 utterances of agreeing, 5 utterances of thanking, 4 utterances of apologizing, 3 utterances of wishing, and 2 utterances of exclamation. The researcher found out that the expressive speeech act of greeting is the most frequently used by the main character. It shows that the main character likes to express his salutation when he meets someone.

EXPRESSIVE SPEECH ACTS ON NETIZENS’ COMMENTS IN JOE BIDEN’S INSTAGRAM ACCOUNT

United States presidential election 2020 is the most awaited event for the citizens of the United States. People usually want to get to know how good the presidential candidates are by searching for information about the presidential candidates. Checking the presidential candidates’ social media is one way to find outtheirprofiles.Joe Biden as one of the presidential candidates uses the growing popularity of Instagram to gain public attention by posting some of his responses to current issues and promoting himself as the next President of the United States. It made Joe Biden’s Instagram account is filled with netizens’ comments. This research aims to identify the expressive speech acts that appear in Joe Biden's comments published on September 13, 2020, to January 20, 2021, and to describe the reasons for their use of these expressive speech acts. The instrument of this research is a document. The data were collected by browsing the comments on Joe Biden’s Instagram post, then the data were selected, and identified the expressive speech acts used by netizens, then the research showed the findings of the research by presenting data and analysis. There are 26 data contained an expressive speech act, in which 10 data as expressive of thanking, 3data as expressive of congratulating, 5 data as expressive of wishing, 8 data as expressive of attitude. The expressive speech act of thanking is the most dominant type of expressive speech act found on the netizens’ comments of Joe Biden Instagram post. In conclusion, netizens’ comments contained the expressive speech act of thanking since netizens appreciated the good things that Joe Biden had planned when he ran for President of the United States. Joe Biden frequently posts his thoughts on various issues and promises a good solution in the future. Netizens expressed their gratitude for Joe Biden because they felt they had found a leader who cared about society.

Expressive Speech Acts of Politeness in The Counselling Process

This study discusses the expressive speech acts of politeness in the counseling process. The study attempts to 1) identify the sub-types of expressive speech acts and their functions in the counseling process and (2) explain the realization of expressive speech act of politeness strategies in the counseling process. Data for the study were collected using passive participation observation and recording with closed-circuit television (CCTV). Data in this study were analyzed following the goal, heuristic method, and contextual methods. The findings of this study are associated with the stages of the counseling process. First, Building Relationships consists of sub-speech acts; Second, the Problem Identification Stage consists of sub-speech acts; Third, Facilitating Therapeutic Change consists of sub-actions speech act. Based on the findings of the study, praising is the most dominant utterance that always appears in every stage of the counseling process. It shows that the communication that happened in the counseling process is in a close, familial, warm, and comfortable atmosphere. This study demonstrates that language plays a critical role in the process of resolving human problems.

TINDAK TUTUR EKSPRESIF DALAM FILM ANIMASI UPIN DAN IPIN SIARAN TELEVISI SWASTA MNCTV (KAJIAN PRAGMATIK)

The problem to be discussed in this research is how the expressive speech acts in the animated film Upin and Ipin are broadcast on MNCTV private television. Pragmatics is the study of all aspects of meaning that have been covered in semantic theory, or in other words: discussing all aspects of the meaning of speech that cannot be explained completely by direct reference to the conditions of truth of the sentence spoken. Speech acts are actions that are displayed through utterances to convey one's intentions and goals to others in life situations. Expressive is a type of speech act that states something the speaker feels. Animated films are films that are the result of processing hand drawings, so that they become moving images. Animated films are basically based on fantasy stories. While the source of data in the research is the animated film Upin and Ipin. This type of research is a qualitative research with descriptive method. After the researchers conducted research and grouped the results of the research data based on expressive speech acts, the researchers obtained 27 data. The speech act of thanking found 5 data, apologizing found 4 data, congratulating found 3 data, praising found 5 data, complaining found 6 data, and blaming found 4 data. The conclusion in this study is that expressive speech acts in the form of complaining are the most commonly found in the animated film Upin and Ipin.

Tindak Tutur Ilokusi Mama Dedeh (pada Program dari Hati ke Hati Bersama Mamah Dedeh di Stasiun Televisi Anteve)

This study aims to analyze which illocutionary speech acts of Mama Dedeh are more prominent in the question-and-answer activity with the audience in the Dari Hati To Hati program with Mama Dedeh on Anteve television station in the Nikah Muda episode. This research has contained the dialogues in the session of questions and answers between the ustazah and the audience from the program Dari Hati To Hati Bersama Mama Dedeh. The results showed that Mama Dedeh only used three illocutionary speech acts out of Searle's five speech act classifications: representative, directive, and expressive. Of the three speech acts, the most dominant one used by Mama Dedeh is the representative speech act, which is 66.7%. Meanwhile, directive speech acts are only 22.2%, and expressive speech acts are only 11.1%.

Acts of Illocutionary Speech by Ganjar Pranowo in the "One Hour Closer" Talkshow

An illocutionary speech act is doing something related to other functions and purposes of the speech. Speech acts are a reaction by an interaction involving two parties, namely the speaker and the speech partner. One-hour closer, which TV One broadcasted, was a talk show presenting essential people not far from the government and community leaders who had significant roles for the nation. One of the characters is Ganjar Pranowo. Ganjar Pranowo has been the Governor of Central Java for two terms who have served since August 23, 2013. This study aims to describe the forms of illocutionary speech acts and the functions of illocutionary speech acts contained in Ganjar Pranowo's speech in the talkshow "One Hour Closer." This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a sample of conversational quotations. The data collection technique used is the listening method using note-taking techniques and free-involved-talk listening techniques. The results showed that: 1) the forms of illocutionary speech acts contained in Ganjar Pranowo's speech, include assertive speech acts, directive speech acts, commissive speech acts, expressive speech acts, and declarative speech acts and 2) the functions of illocutionary speech acts that found in Ganjar Pranowo's speech, including four assertive speech acts with the function of stating, one speech act of assertive function of claiming, one speech act of advising function, two commissive speech acts of offering something, two expressive speech acts of praising function, and one declarative speech act of dismissing function. This situation shows that this study contains illocutionary speech acts and 11 different functions of illocutionary speech acts.

Development, Feasibility, Acceptability, and Utility of an Expressive Speech-Enabled Digital Health Agent to Deliver Online, Brief Motivational Interviewing for Alcohol Misuse: Descriptive Study

Background Digital health agents — embodied conversational agents designed specifically for health interventions — provide a promising alternative or supplement to behavioral health services by reducing barriers to access to care. Objective Our goals were to (1) develop an expressive, speech-enabled digital health agent operating in a 3-dimensional virtual environment to deliver a brief behavioral health intervention over the internet to reduce alcohol use and to (2) understand its acceptability, feasibility, and utility with its end users. Methods We developed an expressive, speech-enabled digital health agent with facial expressions and body gestures operating in a 3-dimensional virtual office and able to deliver a brief behavioral health intervention over the internet to reduce alcohol use. We then asked 51 alcohol users to report on the digital health agent acceptability, feasibility, and utility. Results The developed digital health agent uses speech recognition and a model of empathetic verbal and nonverbal behaviors to engage the user, and its performance enabled it to successfully deliver a brief behavioral health intervention over the internet to reduce alcohol use. Descriptive statistics indicated that participants had overwhelmingly positive experiences with the digital health agent, including engagement with the technology, acceptance, perceived utility, and intent to use the technology. Illustrative qualitative quotes provided further insight about the potential reach and impact of digital health agents in behavioral health care. Conclusions Web-delivered interventions delivered by expressive, speech-enabled digital health agents may provide an exciting complement or alternative to traditional one-on-one treatment. They may be especially helpful for hard-to-reach communities with behavioral workforce shortages.

An Iterated Two-Step Sinusoidal Pitch Contour Formulation for Expressive Speech Synthesis

Intonation generation in expressive speech such as storytelling is essential to produce high quality Malay language expressive speech synthesizer. Intonation generation, for instance explicit control, has shown good performance in terms of intelligibility with reasonably natural speech; thus, it was selected in this research. This approach modifies the prosodic features, such as pitch contour, intensity, and duration, to generate the intonation. However, modification of pitch contour remains a problem because the desired pitch contour is not achieved. This paper formulated an improved pitch contour algorithm to develop a modified pitch contour resembling the natural pitch contour. In this work, the syllable pitch contours of nine storytellers were extracted from their storytelling speeches to create an expressive speech syllable dataset called STORY_DATA. All the shapes of pitch contours from STORY_DATA were analyzed and clustered into the standard six main pitch contour clusters for storytelling. The clustering was performed using one minus the Pearson product moment correlation. Then, an improved iterative two-step sinusoidal pitch contour formulation was introduced to modify the pitch contours of a neutral speech into an expressive pitch contour of natural speeches. Overall, the improved pitch contour formulation was able to achieve 93 percent high correlated matches, indicating the high resemblance as compared to the previous pitch contour formulation at 15 percent. Therefore, the improved formula can be used in a text-to-speech (TTS) synthesizer to produce a more natural expressive speech. The paper also discovered unique expressive pitch contours in the Malay language that need further investigations in the future.