The Analyses of Possible Indicators of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders Early Diagnosis

Nowadays autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are on the list of most frequent childish disorders. It is characterized by communicational, behavioural, and emotional difficulties, unique manifestations of cognitive processes, lack of communicational initiative. ASD is a developmental disorder that occurs in early childhood, persists into adulthood, and affects three areas of development: communication, social partnership, and behavior. So, when the means of communication are incomplete or absent, the normal course of the child's development is being disrupted, social adaptation becomes impossible. For the effective organization of speech therapy intervention of children, it is necessary to start child`s rehabilitation work as possible of the child's development: The author's long time professional experience (15 years) in working with these children indicates that one of the keys to the best effectiveness of communication and speech development is early intervention, which can be organized only after the early detection and diagnosis of children with ASD. One of the prerequisites for early diagnosis is to ensure the continuity of the awareness process among parents, which is the main goal of our article.

Analysis of Communication of People With Laryngectomies Speech Therapy Examination

People with voice disorders and their problems are always at the centre of attention of several sciences, in particular medicine, pedagogy, psychology, and sociology. The use of quantitative procedures in this paper is mainly ready to lend a hand in sorting out some of the significant issues surrounding speech therapy intervention in both clinical and research contexts. After the removal of the throat, the patient, having the means of communication - the word, but losing one of the components of expressive speech - the voice, has pronounced difficulties in the process of communication. Some patients, realizing their inadequacy due to absence of voice, try to take various measures to overcome the problem, while others become discouraged, frustrated, lose optimism, the desire to overcome the problem and return to a full life. Patients, within the frame of this study, had certain prerequisites for vocal cords, such as verbal breathing and expressive mobility problems.

The Importance of Self-Care Skills Development for Children With Autistic Spectrum Disorder From the Parents’ Perspective

This research aims to explore the awareness of parents of children with autistic spectrum disorder about rehabilitation services developing self-care skills. A quantitative research method was used in this work, which allows to form knowledge based on precise logic, mathematical-statistical calculations. The study included an online and paper-based questionnaire survey where 35 parents of children with autistic spectrum disorder have participated. The use of the quantitative method for data collection and analysis made it possible to rigorously adhere to the aim and the objectives of the study as well as to obtain objective results, test the accuracy of the hypothesis, and establish causation. The summary of the results showed that the majority of parents of children with autistic spectrum disorder (81.8%) have a clear idea of ​​the services aimed at improving self-care activities and realize the importance of performing them independently. For 6.7% of parents, it was important that their children can perform self-care activities independently, but they did not take steps in that direction, and only 26.7% wanted to seek professional help. However, as parents of children with autistic spectrum disorder, select rehabilitation services for enhancing their children’s skills, being aware of appropriate services, and suitable intervention approaches were considered to be important points for approving children’s future independent life.

Peculiarities of Organizing the Education of Children With Speech Disorders from the Perspective of Speech Therapy Assessment and Intervention

Early diagnosis of various speech disorders and the process of timely organization of speech therapy intervention has remained in the limelight․ Using the sensitive areas of child development for effective speech therapy intervention period, taking into consideration the fact that each stage of development creates a basis for further development was highly recommended. It is known that the diagnosis or assessment is based on the examination of the child, detailed anamnestic data collected, which presents the features of the child’s early development, starting from prenatal, natal, and postnatal development. In this case, it is very important to pay attention to the existence of harmful effects that occurred during pregnancy, traumas occurred, asphyxia, etc. It is a fact that early diagnosis of various speech disorders in children, as well as the organization of appropriate speech therapy intervention, allows avoiding more complex problems that may arise already at school age. Based on this the main aim of this paper is to review the existing literature in regards to organization education of children with speech disorders and speech therapy assessment and intervention within this frame and analyze the standpoint of different authors and sources.

Speech Therapy Intervention as a Way for Making Differential Diagnoses of Communication Skills for Preschool Children With Shy Behaviour and Children With Autism

The aim of this study is to categorize the differential diagnostic criteria of communication skills for preschool children with shy behaviour and children with autism within the speech therapy intervention process. For the current study during the speech therapy intervention process 23 preschool children from 3-5 years old were studied who had communication problems and no speech. To establish the differential diagnostic criteria of communication skills for preschool children with shy behaviour and children with autism observation and complex speech therapy methods were used while combining practical and verbal/non-verbal approaches. The quantitative research methodology was used to generalize and conduct a comparative analysis of the results, in order to emphasize the behavioural characteristics and to outline the existing differences between the means of communication of these children. The analysis of the research results made it possible to compile a comparative description of communication features and indicators of the quality of communication of children with shy behaviour and children with autism. Communication and behavioural problems which are typical for children with shy behaviour and children with autism were clarified and differentiated, as well as the criteria for differential diagnosis of speech and communication features of children with shy behaviour has been established, and speech therapy intervention rules have been developed to overcome those problems.

Attitudes Analyses of Mobility Disorders Adolescents’ Parents in Regards of Improvement Social and Household Skills

The purpose of this study is to analyse the attitudes of parents of adolescents with mobility disorders regarding the need to improve their children's social and household skills. The methodology of data collection, processing and analysis of the research is based on the approach of quantitative methods, which allows combining the collection of quantitative data, using quantitative methods, later having the opportunity to conclude the data obtained through certain numerical patterns. The specially designed questionnaire was administered to 125 parents of adolescents with mobility disorders. The survey showed that the vast majority of parents consider their children's independent life as a priority. The need to teach their children social and household skills such as shopping, cooking, cleaning kitchen utensils and the area, helping with household chores is also mentioned as quite important. At the same time, the insufficient awareness of parents about the idea of living an independent life, the inconsistency of adolescents' ability to carry out household activities, the inconsistency between their subjective perceptions, as well as the overprotection possibility of one of the traditional Armenian cultural features should be mentioned too.

Role of Occupational Therapy While Working with Cerebral Palsy Children Using Orthopedic Assistive Devices

The main aim of the following research paper is to identify and interpret the preconditions and instructions for the implementation of effective Occupational Therapy intervention during the use of orthopedic assistive devices. In trying to highlight the role, professional skills, and perspectives of the occupational therapist, it will be possible to identify the key provisions that, if applied, will encourage the maximum participation of a child with Cerebral Palsy in several activities that are meaningful to him/her, thereby improving his/her quality of life and well-being. The methodology of data collection, processing, and analysis of the research is based on a combined method approach, which allows combining quantitative data collection and use of quantitative methods to later conclude the data obtained through certain numerical patterns. Structural interviews and designed questionnaires were used with 50 children having Cerebral Palsy and their parents or caregivers. The results showed that today in Armenia, due to the problems of obtaining and using orthopedic assistive devices, as well as the lack of professional supervision and monitoring, it is limited or does not ensure the maximum independent participation of children with Cerebral Palsy in community life, self-care, and professional activities.

Factors Affecting the Efficacy of Aphasia Rehabilitation

This paper aims to test the influence of premorbid verbal intelligence on the nature of aphasia and spontaneous speech recovery and to study the role of a micro-social environment on the effectiveness of speech rehabilitation. The quantitative and qualitative methods of analyses as well as special parameters to determine characteristics of the communicative-speech environment and the degree of its influence on the process of speech recovery were selected. A total of 65 patients with aphasia have been selected to study the effect of multilingualism on the efficacy of speech therapy. Family members of 150 patients with aphasia were interviewed to find out the micro-social environment effects on the process of aphasia rehabilitation and to inquire about a correlation between the degrees of involvement of the patient's environment in the process of speech therapy. The factor of multilingualism and factor of the communicative-speech environment are interrelated with each other and the choice and appropriate use of language by the patients with aphasia need to be controlled from the outside.

Special Educational Support for University Students in the Czech Republic

The education of school children and university students with special educational needs is enabled mainly due to the creation of an inclusive educational environment. In the Czech Republic, inclusive educational environment support is being carried out from an early age within the framework of social services. Within this scope, this analytical paper describes the inclusive environment of the university and the disability support services provided. At the same time, the article focuses mainly on the issues of the inclusive environment within university education and describes the situation at the University of Pardubice in the Czech Republic. Results of the situation analyses are showing that providing the students with special educational needs with access to university studies leads to an equality of their educational opportunities

Inclusive Education from a Very Beginning: Yerevan School N20 Principal's Narrative

There are more than one billion “disabled persons” worldwide, 10% of whom are children mostly living in developing countries. Within the United Nations (UN) the term “disability” is defined as “any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the way or within the range considered normal for a human being” (Sharma, 2015). The UN and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) endeavor for all children to have equitable access to education as a basic human right. Education is critical for children to develop their human capital and enhance their upcoming economic and social prospects (Sharma, 2015). The “Salamanca Statement” adopted at the “World Conference on Special Educational Needs: Access and Quality” called upon all governments and urged them to: adopt as a matter of law or policy the principles of inclusive education, enrolling all children in regular schools, unless there are compelling reasons for doing otherwise (UNESCO, 1994). In developing countries understanding of inclusive education is closely related to the special education needs of students and their participation in regular school classes. From this perspective, this paper aims to tell a story of one school in Yerevan, the capital of Armenia from the very beginning till nowadays.