scholarly journals Behavioral interactions between harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) and gray seals (Halichoerus grypus) on Cape Cod, Massachusetts

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghann J. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Cape Cod ◽  
Harbor Seals ◽  
Behavioral Interactions ◽  
Gray Seals

scholarly journals EPIZOOTIOLOGY OF MORBILLIVIRUS INFECTION IN NORTH AMERICAN HARBOR SEALS (PHOCA VITULINA) AND GRAY SEALS (HALICHOERUS GRYPUS)

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pádraig J. Duignan ◽  
Jeremiah T. Saliki ◽  
David J. St. Aubin ◽  
Greg Early ◽  
Samuel Sadove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Harbor Seals ◽  
Gray Seals

NEW APPROACH TO STRESS RESEARCH IN PHOCIDS—POTENTIAL OF DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE AND CORTISOL/DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE RATIO AS MARKERS FOR STRESS IN HARBOR SEALS (PHOCA VITULINA) AND GRAY SEALS (HALICHOERUS GRYPUS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neele Hendrika Gundlach ◽  
Marion Schmicke ◽  
Eva Ludes-Wehrmeister ◽  
Sophia Arlena Ulrich ◽  
Marcelo Gil Araujo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Harbor Seals ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Stress Research ◽  
Gray Seals

Behavioral effects of environmental enrichment on harbor seals (Phoca vitulina concolor) and gray seals (Halichoerus grypus)

Zoo Biology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue A. Hunter ◽  
Monika S. Bay ◽  
Michele L. Martin ◽  
Jeff S. Hatfield
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Behavioral Effects ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Harbor Seals ◽  
Gray Seals

Long-Chain Monoethylenic and Other Fatty Acids in Heart, Liver, and Blubber Lipids of Two Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) and One Grey Seal (Halichoerus grypus)

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Ackman ◽  
S. N. Hooper
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Harbor Seals ◽  
Grey Seal ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

The fatty acids of triglycerides in the hearts from two harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) and one grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) differed quantitatively in some details from those in the blubber. The 22:1 found in the heart triglycerides was about half that in the blubber triglycerides. Isomer distributions differed within 20:1 acids in the two triglycerides for both species, the higher proportion of 20:1ω11 fatty acid deposited in the heart than in the blubber indicating more active chain shortening from 22:1. The fatty acids of phospholipids of all three hearts and livers also differed quantitatively in some fatty acid details indicating organ-specific compositions. These also differed from compositions of similar lipids in terrestrial animals in their generally marine fatty acid compositions which were established for the blubbers. The grey seal (age 3 mo) showed unusual percentages of linoleic types of acids in the organ lipids and also a curious enrichment in ω7 monoethylenic acids. Dietary factors are believed to be responsible for differences between this animal and the two harbor seals (ages 10 and 23 mo).

Susceptibility of Grey (Halichoerus grypus) and Harp (Phoca groenlandica) Seals to the Influenza Virus and Mycoplasma of Epizootic Pneumonia of Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina)

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Geraci ◽  
D. j. St. Aubin ◽  
I. K. Barker ◽  
V. S. Hinshaw ◽  
R. G. Webster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
New England ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Lung Homogenate ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Harbor Seals ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Cystophora Cristata ◽  
Phoca Groenlandica

Six grey, Halichoerus grypus, and 12 harp, Phoca groenlandica, seals were inoculated intratracheally with lung homogenate containing influenza virus A/seal/Mass/1/80 and mycoplasma from harbor seals, Phoca vitulina, which had died in an epizootic of pneumonia. The grey seals were refractory to infection, whereas some of the harp seals developed mild pneumonia. Virus was recovered from 4 of 10 harp seals necropsied, and antibodies were produced in 2 survivors. The mycoplasma given alone to 2 grey seals did not replicate or produce infection and was recovered from only 1 of 12 harp seals inoculated. We examined 99 grey, 102 harp, 14 harbor, and 7 hooded seals (Cystophora cristata) from eastern Canada and found antibodies to avian influenza A/seal/Mass/1/80 in 3 adult male grey seals from Sable Island, N.S.; this virus is apparently adaptable to other seal species. Related forms of the virus are highly suspect as the cause of past epizootics, and one is currently responsible for a new outbreak of pneumonia in New England harbor seals.

Flatfish may be underestimated in the diet of gray seals (Halichoerus grypus)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Michelle N. Dufault ◽  
Zachary H. Olson ◽  
Dominique M. Mellone ◽  
Kelly R. Flanders ◽  
Kathryn A. Ono
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diet Analysis ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Cape Cod ◽  
Gray Seal ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Gray Seals

The United States east coast population of the gray seal (Halichoerus grypus (Fabricius, 1791)) was once hunted to near extirpation, but the population has since rebounded due to protection by the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972. Although this population growth is seen as a success by conservationists, others are concerned about the economic and ecological impact of gray seals on New England fisheries. The study objective was to quantify flatfish presence in the diet of gray seals using an analysis of prey DNA in seal scat (molecular scatology). This may reduce a potential bias in other diet analysis methods since flatfish may not be swallowed whole, and therefore, their identifying otoliths may not be present. Scats were collected from Muskeget and Monomoy islands off Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA, in 2016, 2017, and 2018 and analyzed for flatfish presence using species-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and a hard parts analysis using otoliths. Frequency of occurrence for flatfish species from DNA was higher than estimated in previous literature on gray seal diet and a concurrent otolith analysis of the same samples, suggesting that previous analyses may have potentially underestimated the importance of flatfish in the diet.

scholarly journals Daily and seasonal movements of Cape Cod gray seals vary with predation risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 644 ◽  
pp. 215-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
JH Moxley ◽  
G Skomal ◽  
J Chisholm ◽  
P Halpin ◽  
DW Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Predation Risk ◽  
White Shark ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Cape Cod ◽  
Gray Seal ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Seasonal Movements ◽  
Nocturnal Foraging ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Gray Seals

White sharks Carcharodon carcharias and gray seals Halichoerus grypus are re-establishing their ecological roles within the Northwestern Atlantic Ocean, presenting an opportunity to understand gray seal movement and at-sea behavior under predation risk. As with other shark-seal hotspots, movements to and from terrestrial haul outs can be risky for gray seals, thereby eliciting antipredator strategies. We investigated the movement and coastal behavior of gray seals on Cape Cod (USA) in relation to seasonal and diel changes in white shark activity. Analyzing 412 trips to sea by 8 seals and more than 25000 acoustic detections from 23 individual white sharks, we observed seasonally homogeneous movements in seal behavior during months with greater shark presence. During riskier months, seal behavior manifested in near-exclusive nocturnal foraging, reduced offshore ranging, and limited at-sea activity. On these nocturnal trips to sea, seals returning to haul outs tended to avoid daybreak and traversed during diel minima in shark activity. However, seals tended to depart haul outs at dusk when shark presence was maximal. As conservation efforts succeed in rebuilding depleted populations of coastal predators, studying re-emerging predator-prey interactions can enhance our understanding about the drivers of movement and behavior.

scholarly journals BRUCELLA PINNIPEDIALIS IN GREY SEALS (HALICHOERUS GRYPUS) AND HARBOR SEALS (PHOCA VITULINA) IN THE NETHERLANDS

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel V. Kroese ◽  
Lisa Beckers ◽  
Yvette J. W. M. Bisselink ◽  
Sophie Brasseur ◽  
Peter W. van Tulden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Halichoerus Grypus ◽  
Harbor Seals

Hearing Thresholds of Two Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) for Helicopter Dipping Sonar Signals (1.3-1.4 kHz)

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-355
Author(s):  
Ronald A. Kastelein ◽  
Robin Gransier ◽  
Marloe Brouwers ◽  
Lean Helder-Hoek
Keyword(s):  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Harbor Seals ◽  
Hearing Thresholds
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