scholarly journals Key points of etiopathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
I I Zhirkov ◽  
A V Gordienko ◽  
D Yu Serdyukov ◽  
G Yu Dorokhov
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Based on the analysis of Russian and foreign literature sources, the definition of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is given, modern data on the etiology, prevalence, risk factors for the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are presented. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease found in at least a quarter of the world’s population and the main target of this disease is the most able-bodied and economically active part of the population. These circumstances give this problem special medical, social and humanitarian significance. Two different pathomorphological states represent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: nonalcoholic fatty liver and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which, in turn, includes liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is determined not only on the basis of the results of histological studies in the presence of steatosis in more than 5% of hepatocytes, but also in excess of proton density of more than 5.6% during proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, or when performing selective magnetic resonance imaging with quantitative determination of fat and water. Modern data on the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are presented. Attention is focused on such key mechanisms in the development of the disease as insulin resistance, lipotoxicy, oxidative stress, systemic aseptic inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum, which served as the basis of the pathogenetic theory of «multi hit». The pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease plays an important role visceral adipose tissue, which also synthesized proinflammatory cytokines and adipokines, as well as the syndrome of excessive bacterial growth, due to the formation of endotoxemia and atherogenic dyslipidemia.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Serum Visfatin, Blood Glucose, Lipid Metabolism and Nonalcoholic Fatty liver Disease in Simple Obese Children

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
mostafa Ahmed EL Foly ◽  
lubna Anas Fawaz ◽  
Ashraf Mohammed Osman ◽  
Salwa Hussien Swelam ◽  
Noura Elbakry
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Abstract Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ranges from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)leading to fibrosis and potentially cirrhosis, and it is one of the most common causes of liver disease worldwide.NAFLD is associated with other medical conditions suchas metabolic syndrome, obesity, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Visfatin is an adipocytokine hormone, which exerts an insulin-like effect by binding to the insulin receptor-1, we aim to investigate the correlation between serum Visfatin and both glucose, lipid metabolism and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Simple obese children. Methods: This prospective study included 62 children clinically evaluated as obese and 35 apparently healthy children, age and sex matched as controls. Patients were recruited from the emergency department, in-patient wards and out-patient clinics of thepediatric department of EL-Mina University, children's hospital.While controls were collected from healthy school children during day time between September, 2016 and October, 2017. Fasting Visfatin, glucose, hemoglobinA1cand lipid levels were assayed and abdominal ultrasonography was done for detection of NAFLD. Results There was a statistically significant correlation between serum Visfatin level and BMI (p<0.01), cholesterol levels (p< 0.01), triglycerides levels (p< 0.01), LDL levels (p< 0.01), HDL levels (p< 0.01) in both overweight and obese groups. Conclusions: Visfatin plays an important role in regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, also in inflammation and insulin resistance, suggesting a role in pathogenesis of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Key words: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; metabolic syndrome; Visfatin

scholarly journals Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity and other illnesses

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Tarantino
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The estimated prevalence of NonAlcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the general population in western countries is about 30%, but it is higher among obese and diabetic people. It is likely that more sophisticated approaches are required to understand its pathogenesis and to develop drug targets. In the meantime, the range of associations between NAFLD and other illnesses broadens. Although association does not mean causation, the link between some diseases and NAFLD suggests a common mechanism.

scholarly journals Effects of Ademetionine on Liver Fibrosis, Level of Pentraxin-3 and Metabolic Indicators in Patients with Comorbid Course of Non-alcoholic Liver Disease and Arterial Hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
T. N. Alexandrova ◽  
◽  
O. Ya. Babak
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Pentraxin 3 ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common liver disease in the world, showing a variety of histopathological findings ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease have the potential to develop fibrosis and cirrhosis leading to portal hypertension, liver decompensation, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease can be differentiated from simple steatosis by liver biopsy and is diagnosed when all of the following three criteria are met: macrovesicular fatty change of hepatocytes, inflammatory cell infiltration, and ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes. Lipid accumulation in hepatocytes can lead to inflammation within them. Accordingly, significant fibrosis can cause cirrhosis over a period of 10-20 years, but the pathophysiology is not well understood yet. However, liver biopsy is invasive, has drawbacks such as sampling error and cost, and it is not applicable for all patients. Also, there was a greater interest in science and practical medicine in the use of non-invasive methods for diagnosing the stages of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Primed on clinical and scientific data, non-invasive markers of liver fibrosis have to be highly sensitive and specific in identifying the early stages of liver fibrosis. The purpose of the work was to determine the effect of S-adenosylmethionine (ademetionine) on the stage of liver fibrosis, the level of pentraxin-3, C-reactive protein and metabolic parameters in patients with comorbide course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and arterial hypertension. Results and discussion. On the 61st day from the start of ademetionine use, there was a tendency to a decrease in the number of patients with comorbid course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and arterial hypertension in the stage of liver fibrosis F1 and F2 and an increase in the F0 stage. In addition, a significant decrease in the indicators of systemic inflammation (pentraxin-3, C-reactive protein) was achieved (p <0.05). The patients with comorbid course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and arterial hypertension also had a statistically significant (p <0.05) positive dynamics of hepatocyte cytolysis indicators was achieved in comparison with those before treatment and with the control group (p <0.05), as well as the lipid profile (p <0.05). Conclusion. The study showed that using ademetionine in patients with comorbid course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and arterial hypertension promoted regression of the stage of liver fibrosis, a significant decrease in the level of pentraxin-3, C-reactive protein, and an improvement in metabolic parameters. Appointment of ademetionine is an expedient method of treating patients with comorbid course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and arterial hypertension as a pathogenetic medicine with a pronounced antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effect

HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION AND ITS ROLE IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Мария Владимировна Абрамян ◽  
Алина Викторовна Свиридова ◽  
Елена Николаевна Веселова
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Велика ли роль инфекции Helicobacter pylori на патогенез неалкогольной жировой болезни печени (НАЖБП)? Последние данные свидетельствуют о наличии их взаимосвязи [1, 2]. Однако до сих пор данная тема остается под вопросом. Цель данной работы - исследовать возможную связь и клиническое значение Helicobacter pylori в патогенезе неалкогольной жировой болезни печени. Is the role of Helicobacter pylori infection on the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) significant? Recent data indicate the presence of their relationship [1, 2]. However, until now, this topic remains in question. The aim of this work is to investigate the possible relationship and clinical significance of Helicobacter pylori in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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