Soil conditions and damage in the Mexico earthquake of July 28, 1957

1959 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-191
Author(s):  
C. Martin Duke ◽  
David J. Leeds
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Intensity Distribution ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Isoseismal Map ◽  
Mexico Earthquake ◽  
Local Geology

abstract A report is given of observations of the effects of soil conditions on damage in Mexico City and Guerrero State in the earthquake of July 28, 1957. An isoseismal map is presented which identifies anomalies in intensity distribution which appear to be closely related to local geology and soil conditions. Comparison is made between Mexico City, 170 miles from the epicenter and founded on the deep alluvium of Lake Texcoco, and several cities and villages 60 miles from the epicenter, founded on firmer deposits or granite. Mexico City suffered Modified Mercalli intensities of VII and IV, respectively, in that part of the lake-bed area where tall buildings stand, and on the more compact formations. Of the several cities 60 miles from the epicenter, all suffered intensity V or less except Chilpancingo, where the intensity was VII to VIII. Chilpancingo rests on deep unconsolidated deposits; the other places are on rock or shallower unconsolidated deposits.

Strong ground motions recorded during earthquakes of May the 11th and 19th, 1962 in Mexico City

1964 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-231
Author(s):  
Leonardo Zeevaert
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Ground Motions ◽  
Soft Clay ◽  
Response Spectra ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Strong Ground Motions ◽  
Multistory Building ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
Strong Ground

abstract The ground accelerations during the earthquakes of May 11 and 19, 1962 were recorded in Mexico City on a soft clay bed that was formerly the floor of an old lake. Records were obtained from two accelerometers, one instrument was located in the basement of a multistory building and the other was located in a nearby park. Response spectra of the ground motions are presented and analysis is made of the local soil conditions with the view to explaining the characteristics of the spectrums.

The Lima earthquake of October 3, 1974: Intensity distribution

1977 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1429-1439 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Espinosa ◽  
R. Husid ◽  
S. T. Algermissen ◽  
J. de las Casas
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Intensity Distribution ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Water ◽  
Differential Settlement ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
High Water Table ◽  
Isoseismal Map ◽  
Earthquake Effects

abstract The epicenter of the October 3, 1974, earthquake was 80 km west of Lima at 12.2°S and 77.67°W. This earthquake caused severe damage in Lima and vicinity, producing a maximum Modified Mercalli intensity of IX in a few small scattered areas in Lima. The Modified Mercalli intensity in Lima varied from V to IX; in towns south of Lima the intensity exceeded VIII. The areas of high intensity, both in Lima and along the coast, appear to be related to unfavorable soil conditions or to a high water table, as is evident in the areas where large damage and/or differential settlement took place. Slumping was also observed along the coastal road south of Lima. In Callao differential earth settlement was associated with liquefaction of the soil. Pockets of high intensities, such as in the districts of La Molina and Chorrillos, are correlated with possible local ground-amplification effects. Subsidence of up to 35 cm took place in some areas along the wave-cut terrace in Miraflores, and 15 cm of subsidence was observed in Chorrillos. The isoseismal map constructed for Lima can be used in a preliminary zonation of Lima for potential earthquake effects.

scholarly journals Realistic modelling of observed seismic motion in compIex sedimentary basins

1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Fah ◽  
G. F. Panza
Keyword(s):  
Ground Motion ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Sedimentary Basin ◽  
Numerical Technique ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Space Distribution ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Macroseismic Data ◽  
Resonance Effects ◽  
Local Soil

Three applications of a numerical technique are illustrated to model realistically the seismic ground motion for complex two-dimensional structures. First we consider a sedimentary basin in the Friuli region, and we model strong motion records from an aftershock of the 1976 earthquake. Then we simulate the ground motion caused in Rome by the 1915, Fucino (Italy) earthquake, and we compare our modelling with the damage distribution observed in the town. Finally we deal with the interpretation of ground motion recorded in Mexico City, as a consequence of earthquakes in the Mexican subduction zone. The synthetic signals explain the major characteristics (relative amplitudes, spectral amplification, frequency content) of the considered seismograms, and the space distribution of the available macroseismic data. For the sedimentary basin in the Friuli area, parametric studies demonstrate the relevant sensitivity of the computed ground motion to small changes in the subsurface topography of the sedimentary basin, and in the velocity and quality factor of the sediments. The relative Arias Intensity, determined from our numerical simulation in Rome, is in very good agreoment with the distribution of damage observed during the Fucino earthquake. For epicentral distances in the range 50 km-100 km, the source location and not only the local soil conditions control the local effects. For Mexico City, the observed ground motion can be explained as resonance effects and as excitation of local surface waves, and the theoretical and the observed maximum spectral amplifications are very similar. In general, our numerical simulations estimate the maximum and average spectral amplification for specific sites, i.e. they are a very powerful tool for accurate micro-zonation

scholarly journals Microclimates and Tree Growth in Three Urban Spaces

1992 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger K. Kjelgren ◽  
James R. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Evaporative Demand ◽  
Diameter Increment ◽  
Shade Acclimation ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Crown Size

Abstract Microclimates characteristic of urban park, plaza, and canyon spaces were related to physiology and growth of even-aged sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) street trees. Microclimates, tree growth, and physiological responses were characterized diurnally and seasonally. Park and plaza sites received unobstructed sunlight while the canyon was limited to four hours of direct solar radiation in midsummer. Potential seasonal insolation was 44% of the potential maximum at the canyon and over 90% at the park. Afternoon air temperatures and vapor pressure deficits were somewhat greater at the plaza than the other two sites, and potential pan evaporation was nearly 50% greater over the season. Tree growth at the plaza and canyon acclimated physiologically and developmentally to the prevailing environmental conditions. Thinner leaves and less trunk growth when compared with the park were indications of shade acclimation in the canyon trees. This did not, however, appear to affect crown size or shoot growth of canyon trees. In contrast, plaza trees were sparse and stunted, exhibiting diminished crown size and diameter increment when compared with tree at the other sites. Less favorable water relations suggested that chronically higher evaporative demand and limited soil resources restricted growth of the plaza trees. Park, plaza, and canyon designations of urban spaces can provide a useful framework for predicting microclimatic factors that can affect tree growth for an urban site. Long-term growth and development, however, with in any of these urban spaces will depend on interactions with existing soil conditions.

scholarly journals Experiencia urbana e imágenes colectivas de la Ciudad de México / Urban Experience and Collective Images in Mexico City

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 663
Author(s):  
Martha De Alba
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Functional Space ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urban Experience ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
Urban Imagination ◽  
The One ◽  
The City

En el presente artículo se estudia el imaginario urbano de la Ciudad de México valiéndose de la comparación de la perspectiva de una muestra de residentes del Distrito Federal con otra muestra de funcionarios encargados de la gestión de la metrópoli. Se parte del supuesto de que las imágenes que esta gran ciudad suscita corresponden a dos registros distintos: por un lado la experiencia urbana captada a través del discurso sobre la ciudad y por el otro las imágenes cartográficas que se materializan en mapas cognitivos del espacio. Se presentan aquí los resultados de estas dos perspectivas complementarias de análisis de las representaciones de la ciudad y se propone una metodología para su estudio. Asimismo se analiza si la vivencia y la representación de la ciudad corresponden a las propuestas teóricas que plantean que la metrópoli contemporánea ya no es más un lugar de convivencia, sociabilidad e identidad, sino que se ha convertido en un espacio únicamente funcional. AbstractThis article studies the urban imagination in Mexico City, using the comparison of the perspective of a sample of residents from the Federal District with another sample of functionaries in charge of managing the metropolis. It begins with the assumption that the images this great city evokes correspond to two different registers: on the one hand, the urban experience recorded through the discourse on the city and on the other, the cartographic images materialized in cognitive maps of space. This article presents the results of these two complementary methods of analyzing the representations of the city and proposes a methodology for studying them. It also analyzes whether the experience and the representation of the city correspond to the theoretical proposals suggesting that the contemporary metropolis is no longer a place of coexistence, sociability and identity but has become a purely functional space.

The Reckoning

2021 ◽  
pp. 483-520
Author(s):  
Eric Van Young
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Grand Jury ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Government ◽  
The U.S

Alamán’s internal self-exile in Mexico City, when he hid for nearly two years only to emerge in 1834, is discussed in as much detail as is possible for a largely undocumented episode. Having left the government along with the other ministers during 1832, he was being pursued by agents of the state and political enemies to stand trial before a congressional grand jury for his involvement in the judicial murder of Vicente Guerrero. The chapter also discusses his cordial relationship with the U.S. envoy who replaced the recalled Joel Poinsett, Anthony Butler. The fall of the Anastasio Bustamante government to an uprising led by Santa Anna is narrated, along with Alamán’s eventual trial, his spirited defense of himself, the intervention of Carlos María de Bustamante (not the president) on his behalf before the Supreme Court, and the ex-minister’s exoneration at the hands of President Santa Anna.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document