scholarly journals Effectiveness of Psycho - Educational Intervention on the Rate of Attention of Preschool Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Mokhtar Malekpour ◽  
Mozhgan Shooshtari
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of this research was to investigating the effectiveness of psycho-educational interventions on the Rate of attention of preschool children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Statistical population included all Preschool boys with ADHD in Isfahan city, Iran during 2011-2012. The sample of this research was 30 children with ADHD Symptoms. To select this sample, multi-stage random sampling was employed. Then these 30 pre-schoolers were randomly assigned in two groups, (15 children in the experimental group and 15 children in the control group). Research method was experimental with pre and post test design. Research tool, was parent’s Conner’s questionnaire and clinical interview. Psycho-educational interventions as independent variable was performed on experimental group. Data was analyzed by analysis of Covariance. The results showed that the Psycho - Educational interventions is effective on the rate of attention of preschool children with ADHD (p < 0/001). Therefore, psycho-educational intervention is one of appropriate approach for improvement of attention in children with ADHD.

scholarly journals Individualised stepwise adaptive treatment for 3–6-year-old preschool children impaired by attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ESCApreschool): study protocol of an adaptive intervention study including two randomised controlled trials within the consortium ESCAlife

Trials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Becker ◽  
Tobias Banaschewski ◽  
Daniel Brandeis ◽  
Christina Dose ◽  
Christopher Hautmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Stepped Care ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Treatment Research ◽  
Individualised Treatment

Abstract Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a psychosocially impairing and cost-intensive mental disorder, with first symptoms occurring in early childhood. It can usually be diagnosed reliably at preschool age. Early detection of children with ADHD symptoms and an early, age-appropriate treatment are needed in order to reduce symptoms, prevent secondary problems and enable a better school start. Despite existing ADHD treatment research and guideline recommendations for the treatment of ADHD in preschool children, there is still a need to optimise individualised treatment strategies in order to improve outcomes. Therefore, the ESCApreschool study (Evidence-Based, Stepped Care of ADHD in Preschool Children aged 3 years and 0 months to 6 years and 11 months of age (3;0 to 6;11 years) addresses the treatment of 3–6-year-old preschool children with elevated ADHD symptoms within a large multicentre trial. The study aims to investigate the efficacy of an individualised stepwise-intensifying treatment programme. Methods The target sample size of ESCApreschool is 200 children (boys and girls) aged 3;0 to 6;11 years with an ADHD diagnosis according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) or a diagnosis of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) plus additional substantial ADHD symptoms. The first step of the adaptive, stepped care design used in ESCApreschool consists of a telephone-assisted self-help (TASH) intervention for parents. Participants are randomised to either the TASH group or a waiting control group. The treatment in step 2 depends on the outcome of step 1: TASH responders without significant residual ADHD/ODD symptoms receive booster sessions of TASH. Partial or non-responders of step 1 are randomised again to either parent management and preschool teacher training or treatment as usual. Discussion The ESCApreschool trial aims to improve knowledge about individualised treatment strategies for preschool children with ADHD following an adaptive stepped care approach, and to provide a scientific basis for individualised medicine for preschool children with ADHD in routine clinical care. Trial registration The trial was registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) as a Current Controlled Trial under DRKS00008971 on 1 October 2015. This manuscript is based on protocol version 3 (14 October 2016).

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Resilience Training on Positive and Negative Affect and Reduction of Psychological Distress in Mothers of Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-449
Author(s):  
Seyed Mahmoud Tabatabaei ◽  
◽  
Gholamreza Chalabainloo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Resiliency Training ◽  
Resilience Training

Background and Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of resiliency training on positive and negative affect and reduce the psychological distress in mothers of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Methods & Materials: The research method was semi-experimental with and pre-test, post-test design with the control group. The statistical population of this study included all mothers of children with ADHD in Tabriz in 2020, among which 30 were selected by convenience sampling method, were randomly assigned to experimental, and control groups. The research tools included the Positive and Negative Affect Scale and Anxiety, Depression, and Stress Questionnaires. Ethical Considerations: The Ethics Committee of the Islamic Azad University of Tabriz Branch approved this study (Code: IR.IAU.TABRIZ.REC.1398.062). Results: The results of 9 sessions with 90 minutes of group resilience training (taken from Henderson & Milstein, 2003) showed that resiliency training leads to an increase in positive affect and a decrease in negative affect, as well as a decrease in psychological distress in mothers of children with ADHD. Conclusion: These results suggest that resiliency education can be effective as an educational-therapeutic approach to increase positive emotions and decrease negative emotions and mental disorders in mothers of children with childhood disorders.

scholarly journals Serum Galectin-3 Levels in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-261
Author(s):  
Ümit Is¸ ık ◽  
Faruk Kılıç ◽  
Arif Demirdas¸ ◽  
Evrim Aktepe ◽  
Pınar Aydog˘ an Avs¸ ar
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Galectin 3

Objective Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with underlying pathogenesis and etiological factors not fully understood. We assumed that galectin-3, which is also linked with inflammatory responses, may play an important role in the ethiopathogenesis of ADHD. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether serum galectin-3 levels are related to ADHD in childhood.Methods The current study consisted of 35 treatment-naive children with ADHD and 35 control subjects. The severities of ADHD and conduct disorder symptoms were assessed via parent- and teacher-rated questionnaires. The severity of anxiety and depression symptoms of the children were determined by the self-report scale. Venous blood samples were collected and serum galectin-3 levels were measured.Results The ADHD group had significantly higher serum Galectin-3 levels than the control group. To control confounding factors, including age, sex, and BMI percentile, one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test was also performed. Analyses revealed a significantly higher serum log- Galectin-3 levels in children with ADHD compared to controls. No association was found between the mean serum galectin-3 levels and sociodemographic characteristics and clinical test scores, except the oppositional defiant behavior scores.Conclusion Our research supports the hypothesis that serum levels of galectin-3 might be related to ADHD.

scholarly journals Task-Related Brain Oscillation and Coherence Analysis Between High and Low Cognitive Proficiencies in Preschoolers With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Chun Chen ◽  
Chia-Ling Chen ◽  
Chih-Hao Chang ◽  
Zuo-Cian Fan ◽  
Yang Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Task Conditions ◽  
Wireless Eeg

Abstract BackgroundEarly diagnosis and intervention is essential for children at risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). For preschool-age children with ADHD, who have heterogeneous neurobehavioral deficits, the continuous performance test and quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) can facilitate clinical diagnosis. This study investigated EEG dynamics and task-based EEG coherence in preschoolers with ADHD, who exhibited varying cognitive proficiencies.MethodsThe participants comprised 54 preschoolers (aged 5–7 years), 18 and 16 of whom exhibited high and low cognitive proficiency (ADHD-H and ADHD-L, respectively). The remaining 20 children had typical development (TD). All the children underwent the Conners’ Kiddie Continuous Performance Test and wireless EEG recording under different task conditions (rest, fast, and slow). ResultsIn the slow-rate task condition, the task-related parietal delta power of preschoolers with ADHD-L was significantly higher than that of their peers with TD. In the fast-rate condition, the preschoolers with ADHD-L exhibited higher parietal delta and theta/beta ratio as well as lower parietal beta power than those with ADHD-H. Unlike those in the TD group, the alpha power values of the participants in both the ADHD groups declined from rest to the task conditions. Task- related EEG beta coherence was decreased in both ADHD groups, which were distinct with TD groups. ConclusionThe aforementioned findings suggest that task-related brain oscillations were related to cognitive proficiency in preschool children with ADHD. The novel wireless EEG system used was demonstrated to be convenient and highly suitable for clinical use in preschool children. The EEG profiles in the present study may contain specific neural biomarkers that can assist early detection, diagnosis, and clinical planning for the treatment of ADHD in preschool children.

scholarly journals Effects of Balance Training on Postural Control of Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalil Moradi ◽  
Shamsi Jalali ◽  
Maria Pia Bucci
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Balance System ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have shown deficiencies in many physical activities in comparison with normally developing children. One of the problems of these children is the balance and postural control. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of balance training on postural control of children with ADHD. Methods: Thirty children with ADHD participated in this study and were divided randomly into experimental and control groups. The experimental group performed balance training three times per week for seven weeks. During this period, the control group did not experience any exercises but continued their normal activities. The Biodex balance system (BBS) was used to evaluate static and dynamic balance. Results: The balance training significantly increased static and dynamic balance in the experimental group (P < 0.001), while the balance scores of children with ADHD in the control group did not change. Participants in the experimental group also performed static and dynamic balance tests significantly better than members of the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The results showed that specific balance training improves postural control of children with ADHD. These balance trainings probably lead to an adaptive mechanism in the sensory process and cerebellar integration of children with ADHD.

Physical Fitness and Resting EEG in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Wen Huang ◽  
Chung-Ju Huang ◽  
Chiao-Ling Hung ◽  
Chia-Hao Shih ◽  
Tsung-Min Hung
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Relationship

Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are characterized by a deviant pattern of brain oscillations during resting state, particularly elevated theta power and increased theta/alpha and theta/beta ratios that are related to cognitive functioning. Physical fitness has been found beneficial to cognitive performance in a wide age population. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between physical fitness and resting-state electroencephalographic (EEG) oscillations in children with ADHD. EEG was recorded during eyes-open resting for 28 children (23 boys and 5 girls, 8.66 ± 1.10 years) with ADHD, and a battery of physical fitness assessments including flexibility, muscular endurance, power, and agility tests were administered. The results indicated that ADHD children with higher power fitness exhibited a smaller theta/alpha ratio than those with lower power fitness. These findings suggest that power fitness may be associated with improved attentional self-control in children with ADHD.

The Impact of Copper in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-283
Author(s):  
Mihail Silviu Tudosie ◽  
Elena Truta ◽  
Ana Maria Davitoiu ◽  
Luminita Stanciulescu ◽  
George Jinescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Health State ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The Impact

During one year (september 2013 � september 2014), 50 children from the residential institution for children SOS Satele Copiilor Bucharest, where included in our research. The children were distributed in two groups: Group A which consisted of 25 children (12 girls, 13 boys) who were not diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Group B which consisted of 25 children (14 boys, 11 girls) who were diagnosed with ADHD. Initially, the two groups were subjected at a psycho-diagnostic battery of tests, one of them being the Evaluating the Health State of children with ADHD questionnaire elaborated by us, particularly for this research, with the purpose of highlighting the direct link between the children health state and their ADHD symptoms. This study sought to determine the concentration of copper in urine samples from a group of children with ADHD and a group of normal children, to highlight the role of copper in the development of ADHD symptoms. Levels of copper concentration in urine samples from the two groups were processed by Student�s t-Test. Statistical analysis showed that the arithmetic averages of copper concentration in urine samples, of the two groups do not differ significantly, so copper may be causing ADHD symptoms occur. The copper content in urine samples has been determined using atomic absorption spectrometry with graphite furnace.

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