scholarly journals Role of age, comorbidity and renin- angiotensin-aldosterone system in COVID-19. Effects of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers

Kardiologiia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Mareev ◽  
V. Yu. Mareev
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Receptor Blockers ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The review addressed the relationship of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with functioning of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis and the causes for unfavorable prognosis depending on patients’ age and comorbidities. The authors discussed in detail potential effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists on the risk of infection and the course of COVID-2019 as well as the effect of SARS-COV2 virus on the cardiovascular system.

scholarly journals Angiotensin II and COVID-19. Secrets of interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 3861 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Konradi ◽  
A. O. Nedoshivin
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Angiotensin Ii Receptor ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Receptor Blockers ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article describes current data on the relationship of renin-angiotensin system and related drugs with the risk of COVID-19 infection and its outcomes. Analysis of the latest publications did not reveal association of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers with any risk of an unfavorable outcomes, and there was no data for withdrawal of these drugs.

scholarly journals Dual Blockade of the Renin-Angiotensin System: A Strategy that Should Be Reconsidered in Cardiorenal Diseases?

Nephron ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mei Mei ◽  
Zulian Zhou ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
Hongwen Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Individualized Therapy ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
System A ◽  
Receptor Blockers

Studies on pharmacological mechanisms demonstrated that a strategy of dual renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade may have a synergistic effect in the treatment of cardiorenal diseases and may reduce adverse reactions. However, some previous clinical studies reported that dual RAS blockade did not significantly benefit many patients with cardiorenal diseases and increased the risk of hyperkalemia, hypotension and renal function damage. Therefore, the current clinical guidelines suggest that the combined use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) should be used with caution in the clinic. However, these studies enrolled older patients with cardiovascular risk factors, and the results of these trials may not be generalized to the overall population. Some clinical evidence suggests that the combination of low-dose ACEIs and ARBs leads to more effective RAS blockade with few adverse effects. The advent of new RAS inhibitors with superior pharmacological effects provides a more suitable drug choice for individualized therapy for dual RAS blockade. Therefore, the choice of appropriate ARBs/ACEIs for individualized therapy based on patient condition may be a better way to improve the efficiency and safety of the dual RAS blockade strategy.

scholarly journals Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Blockers in Heart Failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khuraijam Dhanachandra Singh ◽  
Sadashiva S. Karnik
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Receptor Blockers ◽  
Angiotensin Type

Homeostasis in the cardiovascular system is maintained by physiological functions of the Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS). In pathophysiological conditions, over activation of RAAS leads to an increase in the concentration of Angiotensin II (AngII) and over activation of Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor (AT1R), resulting in vasoconstriction, sodium retention and change in myocyte growth. It causes cardiac remodeling in the heart which results in left ventricular hypertrophy, dilation and dysfunction, eventually leading to Heart Failure (HF). Inhibition of RAAS using angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) has shown to significantly reduce morbidity and mortality due to HF. ACEi have been shown to have higher drug withdrawal rates due to discomfort when compared to ARBs; therefore, ARBs are the preferred choice of physicians for the treatment of HF in combination with other anti-hypertensive agents. Currently, eight ARBs have been approved by FDA and are clinically used. Even though they bind to the same site of AT1R displacing AngII binding but clinical outcomes are significantly different. In this review, we described the clinical significance of each ARB in the treatment of HF and their clinical outcome.

scholarly journals The role of angiotensin receptor blockers in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Abramov ◽  
Peter E Carson
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Angiotensin Ii Receptor ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Receptor Blockers ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

New approaches to the definition and treatment of hypertension have increased emphasis on reducing overall cardiovascular risk and on targeting the underlying mechanisms of cardiovascular disease. During the past several decades, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) activation has emerged as an important factor in the pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) have well-established efficacy for treating CVD, but their use may be limited by intolerable side effects, such as cough and angioedema. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), a different class of RAAS inhibitors, are considered a viable alternative to ACEIs. Clinical trials have further elucidated the role of ARBs in CVD. This article reviews the mechanism of action of ARBs and selected clinical trials of ARBs in CVD.

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