scholarly journals Mediastinal tuberculosis in adult: case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 2246
Author(s):  
Gurminder Singh ◽  
Neeraj Joshi ◽  
Robin Garg ◽  
Sudhanshu Garg
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Node ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Adult Case ◽  
Lymph Node Enlargement

Mediastinal lymph node enlargement commonly seen in sarcoidosis, lung cancer, lymphoma and tuberculosis in children’s. Tuberculosis in adult mostly involve parenchyma of lung and very rarely involve mediastinal lymph nodes, here we report a 27-year-old male, non-diabetic, non-hypertensive, non-alcoholic and non-smoker who present with low grade fever and dry cough. Search for the cause of morbidity revealed him to be suffering from mediastinal tuberculosis. He was treated for tuberculosis with ATT.

scholarly journals From Raw Pixels to Recurrence Image for Deep Learning of Benign and Malignant Mediastinal Lymph Nodes on Computed Tomography

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuan Pham
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Node ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Primary Lung Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node Status ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes

<div>Lung cancer causes the most cancer deaths worldwide and has one of the lowest five-year survival rates of all cancer types. It is reported that more than half of patients with lung cancer die within one year of being diagnosed. Because mediastinal lymph node status is the most important factor for the treatment and prognosis of lung cancer, the aim of this study is to improve the predictive value in assessing the computed tomography (CT) of mediastinal lymph-node malignancy in patients with primary lung cancer. This paper introduces a new method for creating pseudo-labeled images of CT regions of mediastinal lymph nodes by using the concept of recurrence analysis in nonlinear dynamics for the transfer learning. Pseudo-labeled images of original CT images are used as input into deep-learning models. Three popular pretrained convolutional neural networks (AlexNet, SqueezeNet, and DenseNet-201) were used for the implementation of the proposed concept for the classification of benign and malignant mediastinal lymph nodes using a public CT database. In comparison with the use of the original CT data, the results show the high performance of the transformed images for the task of classification. The proposed method has the potential for differentiating benign from malignant mediastinal lymph nodes on CT, and may provide a new way for studying lung cancer using radiology imaging. </div><div><br></div>

scholarly journals Mediastinal lymph node enlargement in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: relationships with disease progression and pulmonary function trends

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Sgalla ◽  
Anna Rita Larici ◽  
Nicoletta Golfi ◽  
Mariarosaria Calvello ◽  
Alessandra Farchione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Node ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymph Node Enlargement

Abstract Background and objectives Evidence of mediastinal Lymph Node Enlargement (LNE) on CT scan is a common finding in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We sought to investigate whether the involvement of mediastinal lymph nodes is associated with accelerated disease progression, and explored the changes occurring in mediastinal lymph nodes during the radiological follow up of these patients. Methods This retrospective study included IPF patients referred to a single ILD centre in Italy. A consensus-based assessment of mediastinal LNE on chest CT scan was performed by two thoracic radiologists. Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression were used to assess hazard ratios for mortality and disease progression (defined as categorical FVC decline ≥10%). The annualized rates of change in functional parameters for each patient were calculated using mixed linear models. Results The study population consisted of 152 IPF patients, of whom 135 (89%) received antifibrotic treatment for IPF during the study follow up. Patients having evidence of 3 or more enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes on baseline CT scan showed increased rates of mortality (HR 5.03, 95% CI 1.86–13.62, p ≤ 0.001) and significant disease progression (HR 2.99, 95% CI 1.22–7.33, p = 0.17) as compared to patients without LNE, after adjusting for GAP stage. Among 62 patients with LNE who underwent a follow up CT scan of the chest and received antifibrotic treatment, 57 (92%) maintained evidence mediastinal LNE over time. Conclusions Diffuse mediastinal lymph node involvement predicts clinically meaningful functional deterioration in patients with IPF.

scholarly journals Endoscopic ultrasound in the diagnosis of mediastinal diseases

Open Medicine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiguo Wang ◽  
Chunmeng Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Endoscopic Ultrasound ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Node Status ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mediastinal Diseases ◽  
Mediastinal Lymphoma ◽  
Tissue Acquisition

AbstractEUS is a useful tool for diagnosis of mediastinal diseases. EUS-FNA plays an important role in staging of lung cancer and in tissue acquisition in patients with mediastinal masses. In this review, the following issues will be addressed: EUS-FNA and EBUS-TBNA, metastatic mediastinal lymph nodes diagnosed by EUS, EUS in assessment of mediastinal lymph node status for staging of lung cancer, mediastinal lymphoma diagnosed by EUS, sarcoidosis and tuberculosis diagnosed by EUS.

scholarly journals Mediastinal lymph node enlargement in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: relationships with disease progression and pulmonary function trends.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Sgalla ◽  
Anna Rita Larici ◽  
Nicoletta Golfi ◽  
Mariarosaria Calvello ◽  
Alessandra Farchione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Node ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymph Node Enlargement

Abstract Background and objectivesEvidence of mediastinal Lymph Node Enlargement (LNE) on CT scan is a common finding in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We sought to investigate whether the involvement of mediastinal lymph nodes is associated with accelerated disease progression, and explored the changes occurring in mediastinal lymph nodes during the radiological follow up of these patients.MethodsThis retrospective study included IPF patients referred to a single ILD centre in Italy. A consensus-based assessment of mediastinal LNE on chest CT scan was performed by two thoracic radiologists. Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression were used to assess hazard ratios for mortality and disease progression (defined as categorical FVC decline ≥10%). The annualized rates of change in functional parameters for each patient were calculated using mixed linear models.Results152 IPF patients were included in the analysis, of whom 135 (89%) received antifibrotic treatment for IPF during the study follow up. Patients having evidence of 3 or more enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes on baseline CT scan showed increased rates of mortality (HR 5.03, 95% CI 1.86-13.62, p≤0.001) and significant disease progression (HR 2.99, 95% CI 1.22-7.33, p=0.17) as compared to patients without LNE, after adjusting for GAP stage. Among 62 patients with LNE who underwent a follow up CT scan of the chest and received antifibrotic treatment, 57 (92%) maintained evidence mediastinal LNE over time.ConclusionsDiffuse mediastinal lymph node involvement predicts clinically meaningful functional deterioration in patients with IPF.

scholarly journals Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis and sarcoid-like reaction mimicking lymph node metastases in a patient with lung cancer: A case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (21) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Chad Duncan ◽  
Lukman Tijani ◽  
Suzanne Graham ◽  
Ruc Tran ◽  
Cynthia Jumper
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Node ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Node Dissection ◽  
Coal Miner ◽  
Node Metastases

Sarcoid-like reactions occur in a small percentage of cancer patients. This reaction causeslymph nodes to appear hypermetabolic when viewed with Fludeoxyglucose-Positron EmissionTomography (FDG-PET). This is clinically important, because it could be confused with tumormetastasis and could affect the staging and treatment of the cancer. In addition to sarcoid-likereactions and metastasis, several other disease processes can cause lymph nodes to appearhypermetabolic with FDG-PET, including coal worker’s pneumoconiosis. We present the caseof a 61-year-old coal miner who was diagnosed with lung cancer. FDG-PET showed increaseduptake in ipsilateral and contralateral mediastinal lymph. The patient had bronchoscopy withendobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) guided biopsy of the mass and needle aspiration of bilaterallymph nodes of the mediastinum. All the biopsies were negative. The patient then had a leftupper lobectomy and left mediastinal lymph node dissection. The PET findings were originallyattributed to metastasis of the tumor, but pathology of the ipsilateral nodes showed silicoticchanges due to pneumoconiosis and non-caseating granulomas from a sarcoid-like reaction.Because the ipsilateral lymph nodes had no evidence of metastasis and EBUS biopsy ofthe contralateral nodes was negative, it was unlikely that the changes in the contralateralnodes were due to metastasis, and no adjuvant treatment was offered. At more than oneyear after surgery, the patient remains stable with no evidence of recurrence, and we haveclinical assurance that the changes in the lymph nodes were due to the sarcoid-like reactionand pneumoconiosis and not metastasis. FDG-PET is useful for detection of lung cancer, butpathology is necessary for staging and determining treatment for the patient.

Reactive Mediastinal Lympadenopathy in Bronchiectasis Assessed by CT

1993 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 489-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Thomas ◽  
R. M. Blaquiere
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Node ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Lymph Node Enlargement ◽  
Specific Finding

Mediastinal lymphadenopathy is commonly detected on CT. It is a non-specific finding, but because of its significance in the treatment in lung carcinoma it is important to know with which other disease states it is associated. We present a series of 42 patients in whom CT of the chest was used to confirm a clinical diagnosis of bronchiectasis. The size, number and distribution of mediastinal lymph nodes is documented. Lymph nodes were visible in 81% of patients. Nodes larger than 10 mm, the recognised maximum size for normal nodes in the U. K., were detected in 29%. In the absence of other recognised causes of lymphadenopathy in these patients, these findings confirm “reactive” mediastinal lymph node enlargement in bronchiectasis.

scholarly journals Mediastinal lymph node enlargement in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: relationships with disease progression and pulmonary function trends

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Sgalla ◽  
Anna Rita Larici ◽  
Nicoletta Golfi ◽  
Mariarosaria Calvello ◽  
Alessandra Farchione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Node ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymph Node Enlargement

Abstract Background and objectives: Evidence of mediastinal Lymph Node Enlargement (LNE) on CT scan is a common finding in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We sought to investigate whether the involvement of mediastinal lymph nodes is associated with accelerated disease progression, and explored the changes occurring in mediastinal lymph nodes during the radiological follow up of these patients. Methods: This retrospective study included IPF patients referred to a single ILD centre in Italy. A consensus-based assessment of mediastinal LNE on chest CT scan was performed by two thoracic radiologists. Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression were used to assess hazard ratios for mortality and disease progression (defined as categorical FVC decline ≥10%). The annualized rates of change in functional parameters for each patient were calculated using mixed linear models. Results: 152 IPF patients were included in the analysis, of whom 135 (89%) received antifibrotic treatment for IPF during the study follow up. Patients having evidence of 3 or more enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes on baseline CT scan showed increased rates of mortality (HR 5.03, 95% CI 1.86-13.62, p≤0.001) and significant disease progression (HR 2.99, 95% CI 1.22-7.33, p=0.17) as compared to patients without LNE, after adjusting for GAP stage. Among 62 patients with LNE who underwent a follow up CT scan of the chest and received antifibrotic treatment, 57 (92%) maintained evidence mediastinal LNE over time. Conclusions: Diffuse mediastinal lymph node involvement predicts clinically meaningful functional deterioration in patients with IPF.

scholarly journals From Raw Pixels to Recurrence Image for Deep Learning of Benign and Malignant Mediastinal Lymph Nodes on Computed Tomography

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuan Pham
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Node ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Primary Lung Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node Status ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes

<div>Lung cancer causes the most cancer deaths worldwide and has one of the lowest five-year survival rates of all cancer types. It is reported that more than half of patients with lung cancer die within one year of being diagnosed. Because mediastinal lymph node status is the most important factor for the treatment and prognosis of lung cancer, the aim of this study is to improve the predictive value in assessing the computed tomography (CT) of mediastinal lymph-node malignancy in patients with primary lung cancer. This paper introduces a new method for creating pseudo-labeled images of CT regions of mediastinal lymph nodes by using the concept of recurrence analysis in nonlinear dynamics for the transfer learning. Pseudo-labeled images of original CT images are used as input into deep-learning models. Three popular pretrained convolutional neural networks (AlexNet, SqueezeNet, and DenseNet-201) were used for the implementation of the proposed concept for the classification of benign and malignant mediastinal lymph nodes using a public CT database. In comparison with the use of the original CT data, the results show the high performance of the transformed images for the task of classification. The proposed method has the potential for differentiating benign from malignant mediastinal lymph nodes on CT, and may provide a new way for studying lung cancer using radiology imaging. </div><div><br></div>

scholarly journals Mediastinal lymph node enlargement in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: relationships with disease progression and pulmonary function trends

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Sgalla ◽  
Anna Rita Larici ◽  
Nicoletta Golfi ◽  
Mariarosaria Calvello ◽  
Alessandra Farchione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Node ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymph Node Enlargement

Abstract Background and objectives Evidence of mediastinal Lymph Node Enlargement (LNE) on CT scan is a common finding in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We sought to investigate whether the involvement of mediastinal lymph nodes is associated with accelerated disease progression, and explored the changes occurring in mediastinal lymph nodes during the radiological follow up of these patients. Methods This retrospective study included IPF patients referred to a single ILD centre in Italy. A consensus-based assessment of mediastinal LNE on chest CT scan was performed by two thoracic radiologists. Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression were used to assess hazard ratios for mortality and disease progression (defined as categorical FVC decline ≥10%). The annualized rates of change in functional parameters for each patient were calculated using mixed linear models. Results 152 IPF patients were included in the analysis, of whom 135 (89%) received antifibrotic treatment for IPF during the study follow up. Patients having evidence of 3 or more enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes on baseline CT scan showed increased rates of mortality (HR 5.03, 95% CI 1.86-13.62, p≤0.001) and significant disease progression (HR 2.99, 95% CI 1.22-7.33, p=0.17) as compared to patients without LNE, after adjusting for GAP stage. Among 62 patients with LNE who underwent a follow up CT scan of the chest and received antifibrotic treatment, 57 (92%) maintained evidence mediastinal LNE over time. Conclusions Diffuse mediastinal lymph node involvement predicts clinically meaningful functional deterioration in patients with IPF.

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