scholarly journals Hepatitis C in pregnancy: an observational study highlighting its association with maternal parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Bushra . ◽  
Ambreen Ghori ◽  
Azra Ahmed ◽  
Najma Dalwani ◽  
Mushtaque Ali Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Background: Pregnancy is a very crucial time in a woman’s life. In this period of time, not only multiple physiological alterations effect the usual health status but also makes women more vulnerable to contract infection and face negative sequalae. Hepatitis C, a blood borne viral infection serve the similar fate when encountered by pregnant ladies. This study is based on exploring the prevalence of the Hepatitis C virus seropositivity among pregnant population. Moreover, we also evaluated the major risk factors leading to the infection in these mothers. Besides this, infected mothers were studied for their pregnancy outcomes.Methods: In this study 114 pregnant females were observed for this cross-sectional study. It was conducted in Gynecology Unit- 1, Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad, for the period of January 2017 to July 2017. Chi square test was applied for statistical analysis on SPSS version 16. The criteria for enrollment in the study was set to be a pregnant lady belonging to age group 20-35 years; having singleton pregnancy; was a booked case at the hospital with compliant to antenatal follow ups; admitted to the labor room for delivery. All the non-pregnant ladies, whom had co morbid conditions such as hypertension or diabetes or had infected with hepatitis B or D were excluded from the study. Furthermore, pregnant ladies with multiple gestion or those who were either diagnosed of hepatitis C prior to conceive or had a previous history of hepatitis C were also excluded.Results: Present study revealed that out of 114, 10(8.8%) pregnant ladies were found seropositive for Hepatitis C virus. Prior history for transfusion of blood was the Foremost risk factor discovered, with 60.5% women reported this. History of surgery was the 2nd commonest factor and 43.9% had this in their medical records. On the other hand, only 8.8% women gave the history for previous evacuation. While observing pregnancy outcomes, we found 48.2% neonates had low birth weight, 41.2% were born preterm and 21.1% had low APGAR score.Conclusions: In a nutshell hepatitis c is prevalent in the pregnant population of this region and showing its effects in the form of compromised pregnancies. History of blood transfusion and previous surgery were found to be chief risk factors in the study.

Malaria among migrants in a university hospital in Colombia during 2018: A case series

2020 ◽  
pp. 004947552098130
Author(s):  
Fabián R Carreño-Almánzar ◽  
Adán Coronado-Galán ◽  
Sonia A Cala-Gómez ◽  
Agustín Vega-Vera
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Imported Malaria ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinical Profiles

Imported malaria has increased in Colombia since 2015 and has been attributed to migrants coming from Venezuela. We present a series of malaria cases, nested in a retrospective cross-sectional study between 2017 and 2018, aimed at calculating the prevalence of medical diseases among immigrants in a University Hospital in Colombia. Among 154 immigrants admitted for medical causes between 2017 and 2018, 8 were diagnosed with malaria, all due to Plasmodium vivax. Of these, seven had uncomplicated malaria, five had a previous history of malaria, one was critically ill, but none died. We highlight that, similar to other case series of imported malaria, Latin American migrants were young, with similar clinical profiles, having a low proportion of severe cases, and P. vivax was the most frequent cause.

scholarly journals High Anti-HCV Seroprevalence and Low Performance of ICT Strip in Diagnosing Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Children in Enugu Metropolis

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
Maryann C. Ezeilo ◽  
Godwill A. Engwa ◽  
Romanus I. Iroha ◽  
Damian N. Odimegwu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background:The lack of a vaccine for Hepatitis C virus (HCV) places children at a high risk of contracting the infection. It becomes necessary to accurately diagnose this infection for proper treatment as well as identifying potential risk factors for effective management.Aim:This study was conceived to assess the test performance of the commonly used Immunochromatographic test (ICT) strip and identify the associated clinical manifestations and risk factors of HCV in children in Enugu Metropolis.Method:A cross-sectional study involving randomly selected 270 children below six years of age was conducted in Enugu Nigeria. The subjects were screened for anti-HCV by ICT and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and the demographic, signs and symptoms and risk factors were collected.Results:A total of 50 out of 270 children were positive for anti-HCV with a seropositivity of 18.5%. ICT strip had a very low sensitivity of 38.00% with an accuracy of 88.52% in detecting anti-HCV. The presence of dark urine was associated (p= 0.01) with HCV infection.Conclusion:A seroprevalence of 18.5% of Anti-HCV was found in children below six years old in Enugu metropolis and the performance of ICT in diagnosing HCV infection was poor compared to ELISA.

Comparison of Three Different Tests for Assessment of Hepatitis C Virus in Dialysis Patients

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Castelnovo ◽  
Giovanna Lunghi ◽  
Amedeo De Vecchi ◽  
Anna Grancini ◽  
Giovanna Como ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dialysis Unit ◽  
Recombinant Immunoblot Assay ◽  
Virus C

Objective To evaluate the relationship between hepatitis C virus antibodies (HCV-Ab) and viremia and to compare the prevalence of HCV-Ab and HCV viremia in hemodialysis (HD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Dialysis unit of a nephrology division in a public university hospital. Patients All dialysis patients who came for routine clinic visits during the study period. None denied informed consent. Forty-eight patients on HD and 79 on CAPD were examined. Intervention Blood samples were tested by second generation enzyme-Iinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA II) and recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA II) to look for HCV-Ab and by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to look for HCV viremia. Results ELISA II was positive in 52% of HD patients and in 14% of CAPD patients. RIBA II was positive in 48% of HD patients and in 11% of CAPD patients. HCV viremia was positive by PCR in 41.6% of HD patients and in 12% of CAPD patients. Two of these PCR-positive patients did not show HCV-Ab by ELISA II and RIBA II. The sensitivity and specificity of ELISA II were 93% and 92%, the sensitivity and specificity of RIBA II were 86% and 94%. Conclusions Our data confirm a higher prevalence of HCV viremia in HD than in CAPD patients. The absence of Ab against virus C in 2 patients positive with PCR might be due to recent HCV infection or to weak virus replication or to a poor immune response.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C virus risk factors in blood donors from Sohag governorate, Egypt

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Abdelaziz ◽  
Mohamed Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infection Control Program ◽  
Hbs Ag

Egypt has the highest prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) worldwide. Most of data came from lower Egypt regions (Cairo and northern to it). So, we decided to study risk factors and prevalence of HCV transmission in our governorate. In this cross sectional study, we recruited 631 blood donors from April, 2011 to March 2012 who were tested for anti-HCV, HBs Ag, anti- HBc and anti-HIV. Fifty seven donors were excluded as they are HBs Ag and anti-HBc positive. We found 138 (24%) HCV seropositive participants. Logistic regression final model demonstrated that endoscopy, hospital admission, socioeconomic status, IV drug use and age made a significant contribution to prediction (P=0.0001). The level of education also made significant contribution to prediction (P=0.014). In conclusion, it is wise to determine high HCV prevalence areas and risk factors for its seropositivity then build up a governorate suitable infection control program concentrating upon prevention more than treatment of HCV patients. Also, the introduction of pre-test and post-test counseling in blood banks will help in better donor selection and early detection of patients.

Prevalence of Hepatitis ‘B’ and ‘C’ in Orthopaedics Patients Admitted In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Hospitals

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1208-1210
Author(s):  
A. Khan ◽  
M. S. Zardad ◽  
Abdussaboor awan ◽  
M. Tahir ◽  
M. A. E. Bhattani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Prior History ◽  
History Of Surgery ◽  
History Of ◽  
Orthopedic Patients

Background and Aim: Hepatitis B and C are widespread global health issues that are rapidly spreading in developing countries due to ineffective preventive measures.Undiagnosed hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) viral infections in hospitalized patients and outdoor attendees must be addressed in order to obtain a more accurate picture of HBV and HCV prevalence.The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV in patients admitted to the orthopedic department. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of 1080 patients admitted to the department of orthopedics at Ayub Medical Teaching Institute Abbottabad and Orthopaedics department of DHQ Hospital Thimergara Dir lower for duration of six months fromSeptember 2019 to February 2020.The study included patients of both sex and all ages who were undergoing surgery. Venous blood was drawn from 1080 people and tested for infection using ELISA.All patients were screened for Hepatitis B and C, and positive patients were confirmed using the Elisa method. Results:Out of 1080 patients, 756 (70%) were male and 324 (30%) were female. Hepatitis B and C were found in 86 (8%) of the patients. Out of 86 infected patients, 49 (4.53 %t) had hepatitis C and 37 (3.42 %) had hepatitis B. The prevalence of both hepatitis B and C infections were 4 (0.37 %) of the patients. Of the 49 hepatitis C patients, 32 (65.3%) were male and 17 (34.7%) were female. Thirty-one (83.8 %) of the 37 hepatitis B patients were male, while six (16.21 %) were female.The prevalence of risk factors were history of blood transfusion 14 (16.27 %) patients, Previous history of surgery 17 (19.8 %), dental procedure 6 (7.00 %), and abroad visit in 5 (5.81 %) patients. Conclusion:Hepatitis B and C are common in orthopedic patients, with the following risk factors: prior history of surgery or blood transfusion. To prevent the transmission of HBV and HCV to others, a routinely screened procedure should be followed on a regular basis. Keywords:Prevalence, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Orthopedic patients.

Acute Mountain Sickness in the Pyrenees: an observational cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Weisweiler ◽  
Marc Ayala ◽  
Iñigo Soteras ◽  
Enric Subirats ◽  
Joan Carles Trullàs
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Condition ◽  
Acute Mountain Sickness ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Mountain Sickness

Abstract Background The prevalence of acute mountain sickness (AMS) ranges between 15% and 80% depending on the absolute altitude reached, speed of ascent, and individual susceptibility. However, there is a lack of information regarding AMS at moderate to high altitudes (2,500-3,500 m) and, even less, in the Pyrenees. Our aim is to determine the prevalence and risk factor of AMS in the Pyrenees. Methods A cross-sectional study including mountaineers who climbed a mountain with a height greater than 2,500 m in the Pyrenees region during July and August 2019. Sociodemographic data, medical history and activity information were collected using a questionnaire. The diagnosis of AMS was based on the 2018 modified Lake Louise Score. A logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association of different variables (risk factors) and AMS. Results From 437 participants, 117 met diagnostic criteria of AMS, establishing a prevalence of 26.7% (95% confidence interval: 22.6%-30.9%). Individuals affected by AMS had mild (88%) or moderate (12%) affection. The most common symptoms (in addition to headache which is mandatory for AMS diagnosis) were fatigue or weakness, gastrointestinal symptoms and dizziness. In an adjusted multivariate analysis, heavy perceived exertion, bad physical condition, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use and previous history of altitude illness were independent risk factors for developing AMS. Conclusions One fourth of climbers in the Pyrenees experienced mild or moderate AMS. Previous history of AMS, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use and other modifiable risk factors such as physical exertion and physical condition were strong and independent predictors of AMS. These findings suggest that educational/informational programs for individuals planning to climb to moderate-high altitudes in the Pyrenees may contribute to prevent AMS.

scholarly journals CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY OF PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF HEPATITIS B AND HEPATITIS C INFECTION IN A RURAL VILLAGE OF INDIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasad BHATE ◽  
Naimish SARAF ◽  
Pathik PARIKH ◽  
Meghraj INGLE ◽  
Aniruddha PHADKE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Product Transfusion ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hbsag Positivity

Background - Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus are among the principal causes of severe liver disease. There is limited data of epidemiology of Hepatitis B in community, more so in rural population. Objective - To find the prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection in community and study the risk factors for their transmission. Methods - This was a community based cross sectional study. A total of 1833 randomly selected subjects from a rural area were interviewed for risk factors for transmission and tested for markers of hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection. All the positive card tests were confirmed by ELISA. Results - Out of 2400 subjects, rate for participation was 76.38%. None of the subjects was positive for anti hepatitis C virus antibody. Point prevalence for HBsAg positivity was 0.92. Being healthcare worker and having tattoo were significantly associated with HBsAg positive results. Nose and ear piercing was reported by almost. History of blood or blood product transfusion, I/V drug abuse, multiple sexual partners, unsafe Injections, hemodialysis and any h/o surgery was not associated with HBsAg positivity. Conclusion - Health care workers are at high risk for transmission of hepatitis B. Educating common people regarding mode of transmission of Hepatitis B and C will help to reduce their transmission.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of Hepatitis C virus infection in Brazil, 2005 through 2009: a cross-sectional study

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila MMB Pereira ◽  
Celina MT Martelli ◽  
Regina C Moreira ◽  
Edgar Merchan-Hamman ◽  
Airton T Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Comparison of Three Different Tests for Assessment of Hepatitis C Virus in Dialysis Patients

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Castelnovo ◽  
Giovanna Lunghi ◽  
Amedeo De Vecchi ◽  
Anna Grancini ◽  
Giovanna Como ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dialysis Unit ◽  
Virus C

Objective To evaluate the relationship between hepatitis C virus antibodies (HCV-Ab) and viremia and to compare the prevalence of HCV-Ab and HCV viremia in hemodialysis (HD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Dialysis unit of a nephrology division in a public university hospital. Patients All dialysis patients who came for routine clinic visits during the study period. None denied informed consent. Forty-eight patients on HD and 79 on CAPD were examined. Intervention Blood samples were tested by secondgeneration enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA II) and recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA II) to look for HCV-Ab and by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to look for HCV viremia. Results ELISA II was positive in 52% of HD patients and in 14% of CAPD patients. RIBA II was positive in 48% of HD patients and in 11% of CAPD patients. HCV viremia was positive by PCR in 41.6% of HD patients and in 12% of CAPD patients. Two of these PCR-positive patients did not show HCV-Ab by ELISA II and RIBA II. The sensitivity and specificity of ELISA II were 93% and 92%, the sensitivity and specificity of RIBA II were 86% and 94%. Conclusions Our data confirm a higher prevalence of HCV viremia in HD than in CAPD patients. The absence of Ab against virus C in 2 patients positive with PCR might be due to recent HCV infection or to weak virus replication or to a poor immune response.

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