scholarly journals Mesenteric paraganglioma a rare mesenteric tumor

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 2842
Author(s):  
Prabhat Bhaskarrao Nichkaode ◽  
Sachin Kumar Patel
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Sympathetic Ganglia ◽  
Gastrointestinal System ◽  
Mesenteric Tumor ◽  
Chromaffin Tissue

Paragangliomas arise from chromaffin tissue, most commonly found in the Zuckerkandl body, the sympathetic plexus of the urinary bladder, the kidneys, the heart or in the sympathetic ganglia of the head or neck. Some paragangliomas have been described in the Gastrointestinal System, the majority of which were associated with the duodenum. Only a very select few were described to arise from the mesentery. 

The Autonomic Nervous System of the Chimaeroid Fish Hydrolagus colliei

1950 ◽  
Vol s3-91 (16) ◽  
pp. 379-399
Author(s):  
J.A. COLIN NICOL
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Sympathetic Ganglia ◽  
Vagus Nerves ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Autonomic Systems ◽  
Bony Fishes ◽  
Rami Communicantes ◽  
Chromaffin Tissue

The autonomic nervous system of the chimaeroid fish Hydrolagus colliei has been investigated by dissections and histological methods. It consists of a cranial parasympathetic portion and a sympathetic portion confined to the trunk. The latter extends from the level of the heart to the anus and consists of segmentally arranged ganglia on each side of the dorsal aorta. These ganglia are closely associated with small accumulations of suprarenal tissue. Two axillary bodies are the largest of the sympathetic and suprarenal structures. They lie about the subclavian arteries and are made up of a gastric ganglion and a relatively large mass of chromaffin tissue. The sympathetic ganglia lie in an irregular plexus of longitudinal and crossing sympathetic strands but there is no regular sympathetic chain or commissure between ganglia. There are white rami communicantes which connect the sympathetic ganglia with spinal nerves. A small pregastric ganglion lies on the rami communicantes to the gastric ganglion. The visceral nerves arising from the sympathetic ganglia proceed to blood-vessels, genital ducts, chromaffin tissue, and gut. The latter is supplied by large splanchnic nerves which originate in the gastric ganglia and proceed along the coeliac axis to the intestine, pancreas, and liver. Prevertebral ganglia are absent. A mucosal and a submucosal plexus are present in the intestine. The cranial component of the autonomic system comprises a midbrain and a hindbrain outflow. In the former there is a ciliary ganglion on the inferior oblique branch of the oculomotor nerve. Short ciliary nerves proceed from this branch to the eyeball. A radix longa is absent. Sensory fibres go directly to the eyeball from the profundus nerve as anterior and posterior long ciliary nerves. The hindbrain outflow comprises scattered nerve-cells and ganglia on post-trematic branches of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves. These autonomic fibres in the branchial nerves innervate smooth muscle in the pharyngeal region. A visceral branch of the vagus innervates the heart, oesophagus, and intestine; it also establishes a connexion with the pregastric ganglion. In general, the autonomic nervous system of Hydrolagus is very similar to that of selachians. It appears that the autonomic systems of these two groups have undergone little alteration since their origin in the Palaeozoic from some common form. Their autonomic systems reflect a simple and primitive level of organization from which more complex systems of the bony fishes and amphibians have evolved.

scholarly journals Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas: From Genetic Diversity to Targeted Therapies

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Pang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Karel Pacak ◽  
Chunzhang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Molecular Subtypes ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Therapy Resistance ◽  
Sympathetic Ganglia ◽  
Catecholamine Level ◽  
Oncogenic Pathways ◽  
Translational Studies ◽  
Novel Therapeutic ◽  
Chromaffin Tissue

Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PCPGs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors that arise from the chromaffin tissue of adrenal medulla and sympathetic ganglia. Although metastatic PCPGs account for only 10% of clinical cases, morbidity and mortality are high because of the uncontrollable mass effect and catecholamine level generated by these tumors. Despite our expanding knowledge of PCPG genetics, the clinical options to effectively suppress PCPG progression remain limited. Several recent translational studies revealed that PCPGs with different molecular subtypes exhibit distinctive oncogenic pathways and spectrum of therapy resistance. This suggests that therapeutics can be adjusted based on the signature molecular and metabolic pathways of PCPGs. In this review, we summarized the latest findings on PCPG genetics, novel therapeutic targets, and perspectives for future personalized medicine.

Subclassification of muscarinic receptors in the heart, urinary bladder and sympathetic ganglia in the pithed rat

1985 ◽  
Vol 331 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. van Charldorp ◽  
A. de Jonge ◽  
M. J. M. C. Thoolen ◽  
P. A. van Zwieten
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Muscarinic Receptors ◽  
Sympathetic Ganglia ◽  
Pithed Rat

scholarly journals Laparoscopic Excision of Functional Ganglioneuroma Near Renal Hilum

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-65
Author(s):  
Bhargav PRK ◽  
V Amar ◽  
SK Uday
Keyword(s):  
Sympathetic Ganglia ◽  
Laparoscopic Excision ◽  
Retroperitoneal Tumors ◽  
Renal Hilum ◽  
Chromaffin Tissue

ABSTRACT Ganglioneuromas are one of the frequent retroperitoneal tumors arising from extraadrenal sympathetic ganglia or chromaffin tissue. The commonest extraadrenal site is periadrenal region near renal hilum. We present a case of ganglioneuroma in a narrow quadrangular space near right renal hilum, treated laparoscopically. How to cite this article Bhargav PRK, Amar V, Uday SK. Laparoscopic Excision of Functional Ganglioneuroma Near Renal Hilum. World J Endocr Surg 2012;4(2):63-65.

Chromaffin tissue of the sympathetic ganglia and heart

1950 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Carl Truex
Keyword(s):  
Sympathetic Ganglia ◽  
Chromaffin Tissue

Unusual Intranuclear Structures in Chick Sympathetic Neurons

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
E. B. Masurovsky ◽  
H. H. Benitez ◽  
M. R. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Sympathetic Neurons ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Sympathetic Ganglia ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Cns Neurons ◽  
Mammalian Cns

Recent light- and electron microscope studies concerned with the effects of D2O on the development of chick sympathetic ganglia in long-term, organized culture revealed the presence of rod-like fibrillar formations, and associated granulofibrillar bodies, in the nuclei of control and deuterated neurons. Similar fibrillar formations have been reported in the nuclei of certain mammalian CNS neurons; however, related granulofibrillar bodies have not been previously described. Both kinds of intranuclear structures are observed in cultures fixed either in veronal acetate-buffered 2%OsO4 (pH 7. 4), or in 3.5% glutaraldehyde followed by post-osmication. Thin sections from such Epon-embedded cultures were stained with ethanolic uranyl acetate and basic lead citrate for viewing in the electron microscope.

Effect of verapamil on cytoplasmic distribution of granules and microfilaments in amphibian urinary bladder

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 324-325
Author(s):  
A.J. Mia ◽  
L.X. Oakford ◽  
T. Yorio
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Cytosolic Calcium ◽  
Calcium Storage ◽  
Amphibian Urinary Bladder ◽  
Vesicular Membrane ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Cytoskeletal System

The amphibian urinary bladder has been used as a ‘model’ system for studies of the mechanism of action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in stimulating transepithelial water flow. The increase in water permeability is accompanied by morphological changes that include the stimulation of apical microvilli, mobilization of microtubules and microfilaments and vesicular membrane fusion events . It has been shown that alterations in the cytosolic calcium concentrations can inhibit ADH transmembrane water flow and induce alterations in the epithelial cell cytomorphology, including the cytoskeletal system . Recently, the subapical granules of the granular cell in the amphibian urinary bladder have been shown to contain high concentrations of calcium, and it was suggested that these cytoplasmic constituents may act as calcium storage sites for intracellular calcium homeostasis. The present study utilizes the calcium antagonist, verapamil, to examine the effect of calcium deprivation on the cytomorphological features of epithelial cells from amphibian urinary bladder, with particular emphasis on subapical granule and microfilament distribution.

Role of PKC isozymes in water transport in toad urinary bladder

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 302-303
Author(s):  
A.J. Mia ◽  
L.X. Oakford ◽  
T. Yorio
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Apical Membrane ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Toad Urinary Bladder ◽  
Pkc Isozymes ◽  
Antibody Labeling

Protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes, when activated, are translocated to particulate membrane fractions for transport to the apical membrane surface in a variety of cell types. Evidence of PKC translocation was demonstrated in human megakaryoblastic leukemic cells, and in cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts, using FTTC immunofluorescent antibody labeling techniques. Recently, we reported immunogold localizations of PKC subtypes I and II in toad urinary bladder epithelia, following 60 min stimulation with Mezerein (MZ), a PKC activator, or antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Localization of isozyme subtypes I and n was carried out in separate grids using specific monoclonal antibodies with subsequent labeling with 20nm protein A-gold probes. Each PKC subtype was found to be distributed singularly and in discrete isolated patches in the cytosol as well as in the apical membrane domains. To determine if the PKC isozymes co-localized within the cell, a double immunogold labeling technique using single grids was utilized.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document