scholarly journals Profile and outcome of childhood tuberculosis treated with DOTS at a tertiary care hospital in central India: an observational study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Anjali Bharani ◽  
Mohini Harshey ◽  
Swati Raipurkar
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Mantoux Test ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Background: Children contribute a significant proportion of the tuberculosis (TB) burden in India and suffer severe TB related morbidity and mortality, particularly in endemic areas. Diagnosis and management of pediatric TB especially Extra pulmonary (EPTB) is challenging. The present study was designed to study clinical, laboratory characteristics and outcome of childhood tuberculosis.Methods: A retrospective analysis of 90 cases of TB in children within 2 year period was conducted at Pediatric Department and DOTS center at a tertiary care hospital from January 2015 to December 2016.Results: In the present study 20% of the total TB patients attending DOTS OPD were Children. Most common symptoms were Fever (53.3 %), Cough (46.6%), abdominal pain (18.8%), lymphadenopathy (13.3%), osteo-articular symptoms (13.3%), weight loss (10%), CNS related complaints like convulsions and unconsciousness (6.6%). History of contact was present in 10 cases (11%). Sputum examination was positive in 9 cases (10%) who were predominantly older children above 12 years. Mantoux test was positive in 9 cases (10%). Only one patient was HIV positive.  Extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) patients were more common than pulmonary. 47 out of the 90 cases (52%) were receiving DOTS for EPTB. Out of the 90 cases 84 (93.3%) were on New Category 1 treatment and 6 (6.6%) were on Cat 2 treatment. Out of the total 90 cases 3 defaulted, 3 died, rest completed treatment with good compliance and no side-effects and were declared cured.Conclusions: In present study, it was found that extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) patients are more common than pulmonary tuberculosis in pediatric age group. Sputum positivity yield is very low in pediatric age group. Success of treatment with DOTS is good (94.4%). No adverse effects of ATT were observed.

A STUDY ON EXTRA PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS: SITE DISTRIBUTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-26
Author(s):  
Chhotala Yagnik ◽  
Vishal Oza ◽  
Chetal Suva
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Abdominal Tuberculosis ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Site Distribution ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Background:Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis can affect the lymph nodes, pleura, bones, joints, genito-urinary tract, nervous system (meningitis, tuberculoma), abdominal tuberculosis (intestines, mesentery, solid organs), skin. Materials and Methods: It is a record based, observational prospective study which assesses the presentation and evaluation of the site of distribution of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and management of it in a tertiary care hospital. Result:In present study, 26% of cases from lymph node TB, 20% cases from CNS and pleural TB, 18% cases from GIT, 8% cases from skeletal TB, 4% cases from GUT, 2% cases from ocular and 2% cases from pericardial TB Conclusion:The frequency of extrapulmonary TB in this study was highest in lymph node followed by pleural, CNS, GIT, skeletal and others respectively

scholarly journals A study of the clinical profile and management of malaria in pediatric age group in a tertiary care hospital in Mangalore

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. S158-S161
Author(s):  
Prasad Nayak N ◽  
Roopa P. Nayak ◽  
Santhosh T. Soans ◽  
Samith Alva ◽  
Zaheer Ahamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Pediatric Age Group

scholarly journals Most common cause of cardiomegaly without significant murmur in pediatric age group at tertiary care hospital, Hyderabad, India: a prospective observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 989
Author(s):  
Chandra Mohan Chekkali ◽  
Rakesh Kotha ◽  
Himabindu Singh ◽  
Narahari Bapanpalli ◽  
Sadiqua Anjum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Pediatric Age Group

Background: Following the invention of monaural stethoscope by Laennec and X ray by Roentgen in 18th century there was spectacular advancements in cardiology. The myocardium can be affected by various disease process unrelated to abnormal pressure or volume loads. These processes may be inflammatory, metabolic, infiltrative, ischemic or primary with significant overlap. These diseases usually present as cardiomegaly. In pediatric age group cardiac diseases will present early, sometimes without any signs and symptoms like sudden death due to less cardiac reserve. Few cases of sudden death also showed huge cardiomegaly in postmortem X rays. authors want to carry out this study to find out most common cause of cardiomegaly with silent chest as authors usually miss the diagnosis and these cases may present as sudden death without giving much time to intervene. The aim of the study is to know the most common cause of cardiomegaly without significant murmur in pediatric age group above one year.Methods: Prospective observational study done at a tertiary care hospital Hyderabad over a period of one year from January 2018 to January2019.Results: Most common cause of cardiomegaly without significant murmur was cardiac beriberi. It is mostly prevalent in rural areas of Telangana, mostly occurring in breastfed babies and below six years. All cases were recovered after proper treatment. Fortunately, it is associated with nil mortality, if timely treatment was initiated.Conclusions: Cardiac beriberi which is easily preventable and if treated in proper time it will associated with nil mortality. As it was occurring commonly breastfed babies supplementation of Thiamine to mothers was very useful as a preventive strategy.

Sensitivity of sputum exam with respect to gene expert in detection of MTB at tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
Sanjiv Vithalrao Zangde ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Smear Negative ◽  
Extra Pulmonary ◽  
Incident Cases

Background: According to the WHO Tuberculosis Report 2014, there were 9 million incident cases of TB worldwide, with the South–East Asia and Western Pacific areas accounting for 58 percent of the global burden and India accounting for 24 percent. Aims and Objective: To study Sensitivity of sputum exam with respect to gene expert in detection of MTB at tertiary care hospital Methodology: The present study is an observational cross-sectional study of the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis attending Department of Pulmonary Medicine at a tertiary care centre during period of 1 January 2019 to 30 June 2020 by the permission of Institutional Ethical Committee . Genexpert test / CBNAAT [ Xpert MTB/RIF Assay] Statistical analysis done buy of (version 20) for Windows package (SPSS Science, Chicago, IL, USA). Result: Ziehl and Neelsen staining was done for 200 samples of cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. Out of these 55(27.50%) sputa samples were ZN smear positive and 145(72.50%) were negative. Then all the samples were tested on Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay. Out of these 200 patients, 186(93%) were MTB detected and 14(7.00%) were MTB not detected. The MTB/RIF assay detect the agent in 54 out of 55 ZN smear positive cases and 132 out of 145 AFB smear negative cases as shown in table No.10. So, MTB detection rate by Gene Xpert 186cases (93.00%) is more as compared to ZN staining 55cases (27.50%). Out of 55 sputum positive cases, 54 were positive for MTB by Gene Xpert but in 01 sputum positive case MTB was not detected by Gene Xpert assay. There was statistically significant better detection with Genexpert when compared to microscopy AFB test in pulmonary tuberculosis patients.The Sensitivity of Sputum was 29.03% and Specificity was 92.86%, Positive Likelihood Ratio4.06, Negative Likelihood Ratio 0.76, Positive Predictive Value (*) was 98.18% and Negative Predictive Value (*) was 8.97%. Conclusion: It can be concluded from our study that the Genexpert is highly sensitive test for the detection of the Mycobacteria and Xpert MTB/RIF assay can quickly identify possible multidrug-resistant TB. From our study we conclude that Gene Xpert MTB/RIF is simple and reliable technique for diagnosing extra pulmonary tuberculosis with high sensitivity and specificity not only in smear positive cases but also in smear negative cases. It is a game changer not only in pulmonary tuberculosis control but probably also in extra pulmonary tuberculosis.

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