Salbutamol Toxicity in a Newborn Due to Unintentional Oral Ingestion of Inhalation Respules—A Case Report

Cases of salbutamol toxicity by oral ingestion and inhalation are rarely reported in the pediatric age group and have never been reported in neonates. We report a case of salbutamol toxicity by unintentional oral ingestion of inhalation respules in a newborn, which led to tachycardia and QT prolongation requiring medical management. The importance of breastfeeding, identifying similar looking medications, and keeping them separately at home are discussed.

Diagnostic assertiveness of cerebellar pilocytic astrocytoma in the pediatric age

Pilocytic astrocytoma of the cerebellum in the pediatric age is the most frequent benign tumor lesion of the nervous system in children according to the WHO. International literature mentions that being low-grade tumors they have a high curative capacity. If the entire tumor is resected, when it is completely removed, survival increases with a high quality of life for children who presented this pathology and was treated on time. However, the delay in diagnosis and therefore in its treatment could generate the possibility of tumor transformation, the malignant nature of the transformed injuries has a very high morbidity and mortality, without mentioning that the degree of cognitive sequelae greatly affects the quality of life of the survivors. That is why the training of pediatric and non-pediatric first contact doctors imply a great responsibility since it gives the population and patients suffering from this nosology the possibility to improve their future life, as well as reduce the cost of the impact caused by the injuries they suffer. On the other hand, these tumors can transform generating devastating prognoses, without taking into account the economic and social repercussions of patients suffering from a low-grade tumor. When it is detected and treated assertively in a timely manner, it offers them greater opportunities than those who did not have such a timely diagnosis.

Homoeopathic Management of Severe Haemophilia in Pediatric age group: Twin Case Study

Both the patients were relieved of their other complaints with homoeopathy.

Concussion Subtyping in Patients With Persistent Post-Concussive Symptoms Using a New Concussion Clinical Profile Screen Tool (CP Screen)

ObjectiveTo identify the prevalence of subtypes in Persistent Post Concussion Symptoms (PPCS) and investigate their potential relationships.BackgroundThe CP-Screen is designed to evaluate 5 clinical profiles and 2 modifiers that are predominant within concussion patients. The CP screen includes 29 items that are expressed as weighted outcome scores for each of the 7 concussion subtypes.Design/MethodsThis was a retrospective-chart review of 1,136 visits for 362 patients with PPCS at a concussion center. Age range was 12–81 and average age was 32, 65.7% were female and 34.3% male. 360 visits were in the 12–21 pediatric age range. Each patient completed an electronic CP-Screen prior to each visit, which was uploaded to the EHR. All patients were seen between October 2020 and April 2021.ResultsOverall, the most common subtypes were cognitive (34.0%), neck (17.8%), and mood (16.8%). The highest overall observed subtype average CP symptom score was mood (32.8/89) and the lowest was visual (23.6/89). For pediatric the most common phenotypes were cognitive (36.7%), mood (17.9%), and visual (15.4%). The highest observed pediatric average CP symptom score was mood (30.8/89) and the lowest was sleep (20.1/89). For those with cognitive primary profile, neck and ocular were the most common secondary and tertiary profiles in both groups. Females presented with cognitive, mood, neck as their most common profiles compared to cognitive, neck, ocular in males in both groups. Neck, mood, and visual primary profiles all presented with cognitive fatigue as their secondary profile.ConclusionsCP screen was overall a useful tool in helping identify clinical profiles in PPCS. Cognitive fatigue was a predominant profile in PPCS across all ages and sexes. Those with predominant mood profiles presented with the highest symptom scores. Mood profile was more predominant in females. Cognitive primary profile was found to be most linked to cervical, mood, and visual profiles.

Clinical pattern of cutaneous infestations in pediatric age group attending a tertiary care centre

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Skin diseases are a serious health concern for children of all ages, and they are linked to a high rate of morbidity. In comparison to adults, children's dermatological problems are more impacted by socioeconomic position, dietary habits, climatic exposure, and the external environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of infestations among pediatric patients who visited the dermatology outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> From December 2019 to September 2020, all newly diagnosed, untreated male and female pediatric patients (from neonates to adolescents of 14 years of age) attending dermatology outpatient department (OPD) were assessed to determine the prevalence of Infestations within the pediatric population. A thorough history was gathered, followed by a meticulous dermatological examination and if indicated, regular investigations were done and were recorded in predesigned performa.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The analysis included 50 patients who had been infested. There were 43 cases (86%) of scabies and 7 cases (14%) of pediculosis capitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The infestations in the pediatric age group are associated with a high communicable rate so it’s important to diagnose these conditions early to contain the spread and limit the morbidity.</p>

Comparison of Timing to Develop Anti-Drug Antibodies to Infliximab and Adalimumab Between Adult and Pediatric Age Groups, Males and Females

OBJECTIVE To compare the timing of serum anti-drug antibodies in adult and pediatric age groups, males and females, treated for inflammatory bowel disease or arthritis with adalimumab or infliximab by retrospectively combining data collected during a 2-year therapeutic drug monitoring period. METHODS Four hundred thirty sera were divided in groups collected at 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months (T0, T3, T6, T12, and T24) after initiation of therapy and assayed for drug and relative anti-drug antibodies levels. At each time point, the percentage of sera presenting anti-drug antibodies, as well as the drug concentrations, were calculated and correlated with patient age and sex. RESULTS Anti-drug antibodies were present in 31.5% of sera and were significantly higher in the pediatric age group than in the adult age group, through all time points. The percentages of sera showing anti-drug antibodies were significantly different as early as 3 months and were sera from pediatric female group. The percentages of sera showing anti-drug antibodies reached the highest value at 6 months in the pediatric age group and at 12 months in the adult age group. CONCLUSIONS Sera from pediatric had an earlier presence of anti-drug antibodies than adults. In particular, pediatric females sera showed the fastest anti-drug antibodies development.

The prevalence of incidental finding of gynecomastia on thoracic computed tomography in the pediatric age group

Objectives This study aimed to determine the prevalence rate of gynecomastia, determine mean glandular breast tissue sizes, and evaluate whether there is any difference in the prevalence rate of gynecomastia according to age using three different reference values of glandular breast tissue size (≥5, ≥10, ≥20 mm) in the pediatric age group. Methods Glandular breast tissue sizes were measured retrospectively from thoracic computed tomography (CT) images taken for other reasons in 961 boys aged 1–18 years. Results When each breast was evaluated separately (1,922 breasts), gynecomastia was observed in 1,001 (52.1%), 719 (37.4%), and 216 (11.2%) breasts with ≥5, ≥10, and ≥20 mm considered as reference values, respectively. A significant difference was found in terms of gynecomastia (p<0.001) and mean glandular breast tissue size (p<0.001) with respect to age. Conclusions New studies are currently needed to determine the glandular breast tissue size and the prevalence rate of gynecomastia in boys, and thoracic CT images can be used for this purpose.