scholarly journals Role of bilastine in allergic rhinitis: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Rachna Dhingra
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Histamine Receptor ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Duration Of Action ◽  
Prolonged Duration

<p class="abstract">The prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing globally, most particularly in middle to low-income countries. Allergic rhinitis and urticaria are common allergic diseases that may have a major negative impact on patient’s quality of life. Bilastine, a novel new-generation antihistamine that is highly selective for the H1 histamine receptor, has a rapid onset and prolonged duration of action. In the fasting state bilastine is quickly absorbed, but the absorption is slowed when it is taken with food or fruit juice. Therefore, it is recommended that bilastine is taken at least one hour before and no sooner than two hours after a meal. This review article describes about the role of bilastine in allergic reactions.</p>

Presence through absence? Understanding the role of capital in the African Human Rights Action Plan

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-600
Author(s):  
Obiora Chinedu Okafor ◽  
Sanaa Ahmed ◽  
Sylvia Bawa ◽  
Ibironke Odumosu-Ayanu
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Universal Declaration ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Significant Extent ◽  
Global Capital ◽  
Market Practices

AbstractThis study examines the African Human Rights Action Plan (AHRAP) through the lens of Upendra Baxi's germinal theory on the emergence in our time of a ‘trade-related, market-friendly human rights’ (TREMF) thesis that is challenging the specific understandings of ‘people-centric’ human rights that are predicated in the letter and spirit of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDH). Baxi contends, instead, that the dominant strands of the contemporary understandings of human rights are – for the most part – designed to protect the interests of global capital. That said, human rights frameworks in low-income countries need to be studied with a view to what they say and don't say about global capital. Despite its attempt to facilitate a progressive realisation of human rights in Africa, the AHRAP does not rise far enough above the TREMF paradigm to re-locate itself within the UDH one. This is due to the AHRAP not adequately theorising and analysing the role of capital in the (non)realisation of human rights in Africa. By allowing trade and market practices to slip to a significant extent beyond its purview, the AHRAP privileges – to a significant degree – the needs/interests of capital over the human rights of ordinary Africans. That is, the victims of the excesses of capital in Africa are reincarnated in the AHRAP document by the fact of their exclusion from it.

scholarly journals Next generation sequencing of RB1gene for the molecular diagnosis of ethnic minority with retinoblastoma in Yunnan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaiyu Gu ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Yi-shuang Xiao ◽  
Ru Shen ◽  
Hong-chao Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Single Nucleotide Variants ◽  
Bioinformatics Pipeline ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Abstract Background: Retinoblastoma is a rare intraocular malignancy and typically initiated by inactivating biallelic mutations of RB1 gene. Each year, ~8,000 children worldwide are diagnosed for retinoblastoma. In high-income countries, patient survival is over 95% while low-income countries is ~30%.If disease is diagnosed early and treated in centers specializing in retinoblastoma, the survival might exceed 95% and many eyes could be safely treated and support a lifetime of good vision. In China, approximate 1,100 newly diagnosed cases are expected annually and 28 hospitals covering 25 provinces established centers classified by expertise and resources for better treatment options and follow-up. Comparing with other province of eastern China, Yunnan province is remote geographically. This might result that healthcare staff have low awareness of the role of genetic testing in management and screening in families.Methods: The patients with retinoblastoma were selected in Yunnan. DNA from blood was used for targeted gene sequencing. Then, an in-house bioinformatics pipeline was done to detect both single nucleotide variants and small insertions/deletions. The pathogenic mutations were identified and further confirmed by conventional methods and cosegregation in families.Results: Using our approach, targeted next generation sequencing was used to detect the mutation of these 12 probands. Bioinformatic predictions showed that nine mutations were found in our study and four were novel pathogenic variants in these nine mutations.Conclusions: It’s the first report to describe RB1 mutations in Yunnan children with retinoblastoma. This study would improve role of genetic testing for management and family screening.

Modern H1- antihistamines in the treatment of allergic rhinitis: focus on bilastine

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Emelyanov ◽  
Galina R. Sergeeva ◽  
Evgenia V. Leshenkova
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Hepatic Metabolism ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Perennial Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Duration Of Action ◽  
Ocular Symptoms ◽  
H1 Antihistamines ◽  
Adults And Children

The second generation of H1-antihistamines is approved for the stepwise treatment of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis in adults and children by international and national guidelines. They reduce the severity of nasal and ocular symptoms of rhinitis and improve the quality of life of patients. Bilastine, a piperidine derivative, is a novel H1-antihistamine. It has a potent and selective effect on H1- receptors and a rapid onset and long duration of action and substantially reduces nasal and ocular symptoms of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis. Bilastine has no clinically substantial hepatic metabolism and has a high safety profile: it has no sedative effect, does not affect cognitive functions, has no cardiotoxic effects, and does not interact with alcohol and benzodiazepines in normal and high doses. Tachyphylaxis does not develop despite long-term (up to 1 year) use. Bilastine is registered for clinical use in adults and children aged 12 years. The results of clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated that bilastine has many of the features of modern H1-antihistamines recommended by international guidelines.

The House of Love and the Mental Hospital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murphy Halliburton
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Family Involvement ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Rehabilitation Centre

The Movement for Global Mental Health has defined the person suffering psychopathology in low-income countries as an abused and suffering subject in need of saving by biomedical psychiatry. Based on fieldwork in Kerala, South India, carried out at psychiatric clinics and a psychosocial rehabilitation centre, this paper examines patients’ experiences of illness, the degree and quality of family support, and attributions made to the role of ‘sneham’, or love, in recovery. The role of love and family involvement may help explain the provocative finding by WHO epidemiological studies that ‘developing’ countries – and India in particular – showed better rates of recovery from severe mental illness when compared to developed countries.

scholarly journals Role of innate lymphoid cells in allergic diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Asghar Pasha ◽  
Gargi Patel ◽  
Russell Hopp ◽  
Qi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Allergic Disorders

Background: Over the past decade, there has been increasing interest and research into understanding the type 2 immune responses by the epithelium-derived cytokines interleukin (IL) 33, IL-25, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin. Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are a unique family of effector immune cells that functionally resemble T cells but lack clonal distributed antigen receptors. Group 2 ILCs, ILC2s, are known for their capability to secrete proallergic cytokines, including IL-5 and IL-13. ILC2s are enriched at mucosal barriers in lung, gut, and skin, and their activation has been associated with a variety of allergic disorders. Objective: To study the role of ILC2 in different allergic disorders, including allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies. Methods: A MEDLINE search was performed for articles that reported on ILC2 in allergic disorders, including allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies. Results: A review of the literature revealed an important role of ILC2 in various allergic disorders. Conclusion: Identification of ILC2s in patients with allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis indicates that these cells may represent a new therapeutic target. In this review, we discussed the current understanding of ILC2 biology and its function and regulation in various allergic diseases.

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