scholarly journals Association of LpPLA2 with coronary artery disease a hospital-based case control study

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-303
Author(s):  
Jaideep C Menon ◽  
Rajesh Thachathodiyil ◽  
Anugrah Nair ◽  
Rajiv Chandrasekhar ◽  
Natarajan Kumaraswamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Conventional Risk Factors

Coronary artery disease (CAD) in Asian-Indians is characterised by an earlier onset and more severe disease when compared to Western populations. It is estimated that about 20% of patients presenting with an acute coronary syndrome do not have any of the conventional risk factors for CAD. To assess the risk posed by each of the newer risk factors; alongside conventional risk factors namely diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia for coronary artery disease and to compare the relative risk in a case-control design. Department of Cardiology, XXX Institute of Medical sciences (XXX). Case control study design. Cases are as any individual with coronary artery disease and controls included patients with non-coronary conditions. Dependant variable: coronary artery disease (CAD); Independent variables: Lp PLA2, Lp(a), Apo(a), Apo(b), Ratio (Apo B/Apo A); Other predictors- diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, tobacco use Categorical variables were presented as frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis was used to study the comparison and association of the categorical risk factors with the disease status, respectively. Software used was SPSS version 20.0. A total of 253 participants aged between 19 and 90 years; 140 cases and 113 controls were enrolled in this study. Except for the hs-CRP level, alcohol consumption and LDL, all the other risk factors were seen significantly associated with the coronary artery disease; dyslipidaemia (10.8, 95% CI 3.29-35.37), gender- male (4.68, 95% CI 2.12-10.30), diabetes mellitus (3.3, 95% CI 1.6 -6.77), lipoprotein(a) more than 30mg% (2.34, 95% CI 1.06-5.15) and hypertension (2.48, 95% CI 1.14-5.39). Conventional risk factors namely diabetes, hypertension and dyslipdaemia showed a statistically significant association with CAD while from among the biochemical markers the association was statistically significant only for Lp(a) when compared both between cases and controls and also in cases < age 50 years. The other biochemical risk factors namely Lp-PLA2, Apo(A1) and Apo(b) showed a weak degree of association with CAD. In the present study we analyse the role of inflammatory mediators of CAD (hs-CRP, Lp-PLA2), pro-thrombotic markers [Lp(a)] alongside the lipid fractions apoB, apo A and their ratio to assess which of these biochemical markers predisposed one to CAD through assessment of the relative risk.

scholarly journals Association of smoking with coronary artery disease in Nepalese populations: a case control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-685
Author(s):  
Til Bahadur Basnet ◽  
Cheng Xu ◽  
Manthar Ali Mallah ◽  
Wiwik Indayati ◽  
Cheng Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Psychosocial Risk Factor ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Control Study

Abstract There are well-known traditional risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). Among them, smoking is one of the most prominent and modifiable risk factors. This study aims to determine the magnitude of smoking as a risk factor for CAD in the Nepalese population. A hospital-based age- and sex-matched case–control study was carried out with a total of 612 respondents. Bivariate analysis showed that the risk of developing CAD in ex-smokers and current smokers was higher (odds ratio (OR): 1.81 (confidence interval (CI): 1.21–2.7) and OR: 5.2 (CI: 3.4–7.97)), with p-values less than 0.004 and <0.00001, respectively, compared to the risk in never smokers. From stratified socio-demographic, cardio-metabolic, behavioural and psychosocial risk factor analysis, smoking was found to be associated with CAD in almost all subgroups. In the subsequent multivariate analysis, adjustment for socio-demographic, cardio-metabolic and psychosocial risk factors showed a steady increase in risk. However, further adjustment for behavioural risk factors (alcohol use and physical activity) showed that the risk was attenuated by 59% in current smokers. After adjusting for the covariates, current smokers and ex-smokers had an increased risk of CAD (OR: 6.64, 95% CI: 3.64–12.12, p < 0.00001; OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.08–3.31, p < 0.012, respectively) compared with non-smokers. In conclusion, smoking was found to increase the risk of CAD in the Nepalese population.

A Case-Control Study on the Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease among Korean

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Soon Park ◽  
Young Sik Kim ◽  
Won-Ki Min ◽  
Chul Whan Lee ◽  
Seong-Wook Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Postintravitreal Injection Endophthalmitis: An Infection Control Investigation and Case–Control Analysis of Risk Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s354-s354
Author(s):  
James Halsey ◽  
Jessica Tischendorf ◽  
Laura Anderson ◽  
Aurora Pop-Vicas ◽  
Fauzia Osman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Control Study

Background: Intravitreal injection of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors with or without steroids is a well-established, effective therapy for several ocular disorders. The expected rate of complications from these injections is low, with meta-analyses reporting 5–6 occurrences of infectious endophthalmitis per 10,000 injections. Through October 2019, our health system observed 8 cases of endophthalmitis among 7,693 injections (10.4 per 10,000 injections), compared to 1 case in 2018. This unusually high rate prompted an infection control investigation and a case control study to examine risk factors for the development of postintravitreal injection endophthalmitis. Methods: Infection control providers performed direct observation of several ophthalmologists performing intravitreal injections on 3 separate occasions to determine points of intervention to prevent infection. To define risk factors for postintravitreal injection endophthalmitis, we conducted a retrospective case-control study of the 8 affected patients. Four control patients were selected per case, matched by clinic location, drug injected, and date of injection (total subjects, N = 40). We extracted patient-level risk factors from medical records; documentation was not sufficient to compare procedure-level factors. We conducted unadjusted univariate Poisson regression and Mantel–Cox method rate ratios to identify significant risk predictors of endophthalmitis. Results: Direct observation yielded variable practice in use of masks, gloves, sterile lid speculum, and the duration of povidone-iodine contact on the ocular surface prior to injection. The location of alcohol hand gel relative to the procedure field was suboptimal. Due to patient volume, there were significant delays between procedure and patient prep and injection time. The mean age was 76 years among cases and 74.1 years among controls; 35% of patients were men. Age-related macular degeneration was the most common indication for injection (55%). Only 10% of injections were bilateral. Although not statistically significant, patients with coronary artery disease had a higher rate of infection than those without coronary artery disease (165.3 vs 16.3 per 10,000 person years; IRR = 3.0; 95% CI, 0.60–14.8; P = .18); current smokers were also at higher risk (86.9 per 10,000; IRR, 3.2; 95% CI, 0.33–30.4; P = .32). Conclusions: Coronary artery disease and smoking were risk factors for the development of postintravitreal injection endophthalmitis in a 2019 cluster of cases in our organization. We are continuing to work with our ophthalmologists to optimize infection prevention in the injection environment, including strict use of gloves, appropriate use of povidone-iodine, and routinely wearing a mask and encouraging a no-talking policy during injections.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document