Managing megaprojects: conceptual framework and international experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Groom ◽  
Edna Armendáriz
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Discussion Paper ◽  
Optimism Bias ◽  
Delivery Performance ◽  
The United Kingdom

The discussion paper analyzes international experience in megaproject management, identifying problems and delivery performance. The most important distortions are optimism bias and strategic misrepresentation. it explores the approaches of Norway and the United Kingdom. Both countries have strengthened the robustness of planning and appraisal for megaprojects and have established specific methods and institutional arrangements for these projects to strengthen governance and transparency. Finally, some lessons are put forward that could help other countries, especially in Latin America, when embarking on megaprojects.

Who Publishes Where? Exploring the Geographic Diversity of Global IR Journals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathis Lohaus ◽  
Wiebke Wemheuer-Vogelaar
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
North America ◽  
International Relations ◽  
English Language ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
Geographic Diversity ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
American Authors

Abstract To what extent is International Relations (IR) a globalized discipline? We investigate the geographic diversity of authorship in seventeen IR journals from Africa, East Asia, Europe, Latin America, North America, and the United Kingdom. Biographical records were collected for the authors of 2,362 articles published between 2011 and 2015. To interpret the data, we discuss how publishing patterns are driven by author incentives (supply) in tandem with editorial preferences and strategies (demand). Our main findings are twofold. First, global IR is fragmented and provincial. All journals frequently publish works by authors located in their own region—but the size of these local clusters varies. Geographic diversity is highest in what we identify as the “goldilocks zone” of international publishing: English-language journals that are globally visible but not so competitive that North American authors crowd out other contributions. Second, IR is being globalized through researcher mobility. Many scholars have moved to pursue their doctoral education and then publish as expats, returnees, or part of the diaspora. They are joined by academic tourists publishing in regions to which they have no obvious ties. IR journals thus feature more diverse backgrounds than it may seem at first sight, but many of these authors were educated in North America, the United Kingdom, and Europe.

scholarly journals A Conceptual Framework Outlining Factors Affecting the Acceptance of Earth as a Sustainable Building Material in the United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sharif Zami
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Earth Construction ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk

Despite the fact that contemporary earth construction may open up new avenues to cutting down CO2 emissions, a review of literature reveals that there is sparse research to date identifying reasons behind why there may be resistance to earth construction as a sustainable construction material in the United Kingdom. The aim of this paper is to formulate a conceptual framework that facilitates a clearer understanding of factors affecting the acceptance of earth as a sustainable material in the UK. To achieve this aim, this study adopted a research methodological framework comprising of an extensive review of literature, the Delphi technique, and in-depth interviews. The conceptual framework provides insight into factors related to the UK context specifically including a lack of technological innovation, resources, well-established supply chain networks, training facilities in universities and building codes. These issues may be addressed through the promotion of earthen architecture as a method of cutting CO2 emissions and introducing earth construction modules in relevant degree programs. Keywords: conceptual framework, factors, building material, earth, environmental sustainability

scholarly journals Conscientious object in nursing: Regulations and practice in two European countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-183
Author(s):  
Beata Dobrowolska ◽  
Ian McGonagle ◽  
Anna Pilewska-Kozak ◽  
Ros Kane
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Conscientious Objection ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Discussion Paper ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Clinical Nursing ◽  
Patient Documentation ◽  
Line Manager

Background: The concept of conscientious objection is well described; however, because of its nature, little is known about real experiences of nursing professionals who apply objections in their practice. Extended roles in nursing indicate that clinical and value-based dilemmas are becoming increasingly common. In addition, the migration trends of the nursing workforce have increased the need for the mutual understanding of culturally based assumptions on aspects of health care delivery. Aim: To present (a) the arguments for and against conscientious objection in nursing practice, (b) a description of current regulations and practice regarding conscientious objection in nursing in Poland and the United Kingdom, and (c) to offer a balanced view regarding the application of conscientious objection in clinical nursing practice. Design: Discussion paper. Ethical considerations: Ethical guidelines has been followed at each stage of this study. Findings: Strong arguments exist both for and against conscientious objection in nursing which are underpinned by empirical research from across Europe. Arguments against conscientious objection relate less to it as a concept, but rather in regard to organisational aspects of its application and different mechanisms which could be introduced in order to reach the balance between professional and patient’s rights. Discussion and conclusion: Debate regarding conscientious objection is vivid, and there is consensus that the right to objection among nurses is an important, acknowledged part of nursing practice. Regulation in the United Kingdom is limited to reproductive health, while in Poland, there are no specific procedures to which nurses can apply an objection. The same obligations of those who express conscientious objection apply in both countries, including the requirement to share information with a line manager, the patient, documentation of the objection and necessity to indicate the possibility of receiving care from other nurses. Using Poland and the United Kingdom as case study countries, this article offers a balanced view regarding the application of conscientious objection in clinical nursing practice.

Africa — Latin America — Asia — Middle East

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (189) ◽  
pp. 617-622
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
The United Kingdom

When the Rhodesia Conference opened in Geneva on 28 October, the ICRC took the opportunity to contact all the parties represented. It had talks with the nationalist leaders—Mr. R. Mugabe, Mgr. Muzorewa, Mr. J. Nkomo and the Rev. Sithole—and with the Prime Minister of Rhodesia, Mr. I. Smith, his Minister of Justice, Mr. H. Squires, and with the chairman of the Conference, Mr. I. Richard, ambassador and permanent representative of the United Kingdom to the UN.

Social Media Homicide Confessions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Yardley
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Electronic Communication ◽  
Digital Communications ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

As our interactions with others become ever more mediated by various forms of electronic communication, the relationship between crime and technology is becoming an increasingly important topic for both theoretical and practical studies of criminology. This book analyses digital communications as they play a part in contemporary homicide, drawing on a range of cases from the United Kingdom and elsewhere in the world — cases where killers confessed on social media, for example, or where their actions were traced using their digital communications. Offering a groundbreaking conceptual framework for people studying this issue, the book will be of great value to criminologists, students, and police officers.

Moral Hazard, Path Dependency and Failing Franchisors: Mitigating Franchisee Risk Through Participation

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-287
Author(s):  
Jennifer L L Gant ◽  
Jenny Buchan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Moral Hazard ◽  
The United States ◽  
Path Dependency ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
Expansion Formula ◽  
Optimism Bias ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Sharp Focus

Employment relations are well understood. Business format franchising is a newer and rapidly evolving business expansion formula, also providing employment. This article compares the fates of employees and franchisees in their employer/franchisor insolvency. Whereas employees enjoy protection, franchisees continue to operate in conditions that have been described as Feudal. We identify the inherence of moral hazard, path dependency and optimism bias as reasons for the failure of policies and corporations laws, globally, to adapt to the franchise relationship. This failure comes into sharp focus during a franchisor’s insolvency. We demonstrate that the models of participation available to employees in the United States, Australia and the United Kingdom could be used to inform a re-balancing of the franchisees’ relationship with administrators and liquidators during the insolvency of their franchisor, providing franchisees with rights and restoring their dignity.

Information Security Policies in Large Organizations

2011 ◽  
pp. 238-260
Author(s):  
Neil F. Doherty ◽  
Heather Fulford
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Information Security ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Progress Report ◽  
Security Policies ◽  
Security Breaches ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
It Managers ◽  
The Relationship

While the importance of the information security policy (ISP) is widely acknowledged in the academic literature, there has, to date, been little empirical analysis of its impact. To help fill this gap a study was initiated that sought to explore the relationship between the uptake, scope and dissemination of information security policies and the accompanying levels of security breaches. To this end, a questionnaire was designed, validated and then targeted at IT managers within large organisations in the United Kingdom. The aim of this chapter is to provide a progress report on this study by describing the objectives of the research and the design of the conceptual framework.

Making Peaceful Revolution Impossible

2022 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-187
Author(s):  
Max Paul Friedman ◽  
Roberto García Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Economic Reform ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transnational Networks ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Alliance For Progress

Abstract President John F. Kennedy's Alliance for Progress was intended to forestall Communist revolutions by fostering political and economic reform in Latin America. But Kennedy undermined his own goals by thwarting democratic, leftwing leaders seeking to carry out the kind of “peaceful revolution” his own analysis told him was necessary. This article reveals the Kennedy administration's role in overthrowing the Guatemalan government in 1963—until now only hinted at or even denied in the existing literature—to prevent the return to power of the country's first democratically elected president, Juan José Arévalo Bermejo. New archival evidence from Chile, Cuba, Guatemala, Mexico, Uruguay, the United Kingdom, and the United States sheds light on the transnational networks that supported Arévalo's attempt to run for the presidency in 1963, as well as the covert efforts of U.S. and Guatemalan officials to prevent “the most popular man in Guatemala” from taking office—a neglected Cold War milestone in Latin America.

scholarly journals Occupational limbo, transitional liminality and permanent liminality: New conceptual distinctions

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 1514-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Bamber ◽  
Jacquelyn Allen-Collinson ◽  
John McCormack
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Social Barriers ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Research Findings

This article contributes new theoretical perspectives and empirical findings to the conceptualization of occupational liminality. Here, we posit ‘occupational limbo’ as a state distinct from both transitional and permanent liminality; an important analytic distinction in better understanding occupational experiences. In its anthropological sense, liminality refers to a state of being betwixt and between; it is temporary and transitional. Permanent liminality refers to a state of being neither-this-nor-that, or both-this-and-that. We extend this framework in proposing a conceptualization of occupational limbo as always- this- and-never- that, where this is less desirable than that. Based on interviews with 51 teaching-only staff at 20 research-intensive ‘Russell Group’ universities in the United Kingdom, the findings highlight some challenging occupational experiences. Interviewees reported feeling ‘locked-in’ to an uncomfortable state by a set of structural and social barriers often perceived as insurmountable. Teaching-only staff were found to engage in negative and often self-depreciatory identity talk that highlighted a felt inability to cross the līmen to the elevated status of ‘proper academics’. The research findings and the new conceptual framework provide analytic insights with wider application to other occupational spheres, and can thus enhance the understanding not just of teaching-only staff and academics, but also of other workers and managers.

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