scholarly journals Childhood cancer: incidence and spatial patterns in the city of Campinas, Brazil, 1996-2005

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Kelly Oliveira Friestino ◽  
Denisa Mendonça ◽  
Pedro Oliveira ◽  
Carla Maria Oliveira ◽  
Djalma De Carvalho Moreira Filho

Analizamos los patrones espaciales y las incidencias de cáncer en niños, niñas y adolescentes de 0 a 19 años de edad residentes en la ciudad de Campinas, al sureste de Brasil, diagnosticados entre 1996 y 2005. Se clasificaron los cánceres según los grupos de la tercera revisión de la International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC-3). Se incluyeron los cuatro grupos más comunes: leucemias, linfomas, y las neoplasias del sistema nervioso central y de tejidos blandos. Se calcularon tasas de incidencia estandarizadas por edad utilizando la población mundial estándar. Se ajustó un modelo espacial de regresión jerárquica de Bayes (controlando por la heterogeneidad de los datos y la autocorrelación espacial), que asume que el número de casos sigue una distribución de Poisson. Se diagnosticó un total de 180 casos durante el periodo de estudio. La tasa de incidencia bruta para las edades 0-19 años fue de 54,2 por millón y la tasa de incidencia estandarizada por edad fue de 56,5 por millón. Si bien algunas regiones presentan tasas de incidencia más altas al considerar la heterogeneidad y la autocorrelación, no se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los riesgos relativos.

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junqi Ji ◽  
Zheng Luo ◽  
Yichen Chen ◽  
Xiaoyun Xu ◽  
Xiaopan Li ◽  
...  

Abstract Background With the growing threat of cancer to children’s health, it is necessary to analyze characteristics and trends of childhood cancer to formulate better cancer prevention strategies. Methods Data on the 430 children with cancer during 2002–2015 were collected from the Pudong Cancer Registry, diagnosed with the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology and categorized according to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer. The incidence rate, trends over time, and survival of patients grouped by sex, age, and region were explored using the Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression, and Joinpoint Regression models. Results The crude childhood cancer incidence and world age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) were 115.1/1,000,000 and 116.3/1,000,000 person-years. The two most frequent cancers were leukemia (136/430, 31.63%, ASR, 37.8/1,000,000 person-years) and central nervous system (CNS) tumors (86/430, 20.00%, ASR, 22.9/1,000,000 person-years). Our findings indicate that the survival rate for children between 10 and 15 years of age was higher than that for 5–10; and the survival rate for children who had leukemia was higher than that of children with CNS tumors. However, the overall incidence of childhood cancer, and leukemia, CNS tumors remained relatively stable in Pudong between 2002 and 2015. Conclusions The incidence and survival rate for childhood cancer patients varied by age and cancer type. The overall trends of childhood cancer incidence remained relatively stable in Pudong from 2002 to 2015 even though socioeconomic development has been unprecedentedly fast in this region.


2011 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaina Vall ◽  
Carlos Mauricio de Castro Costa ◽  
Laura França Pereira ◽  
Tatiane Temmy Friesen

After spinal cord injury is common functionality is affected. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the functionality of patients with spinal cord injury. METHOD: Cross-sectional study by means of the International Classification of Functionality (ICF). 109 adults with spinal cord injury in the city of Curitiba, Brazil were evaluated. RESULTS: The categories most compromised in body were intestines and bladder, sexuality, energy, sleep, emotion and weight. In the domain activities and participation, there was greater difficulty in tasks of bathing, toilet and dressing, self care and leisure. In the domain environmental factors, the categories classified as facilitators were: medications, orthoses and wheelchair, attitude of family, transport, social foresight and health services. The categories classified as barriers were: attitude of authorities, social attitudes, education and work. CONCLUSION: The application of the ICF in persons with spinal cord injury demonstrated a series of disabilities and limitations.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. e447
Author(s):  
Andrea Solano Mora ◽  
Xinia Ramírez Vargas ◽  
Andrés Solano Castillo

La migraña es un trastorno de episodios de dolor de cabeza y síntomas neurológicos, su etiología abarca los distintos estilos de vida, trastornos del sueño, dieta e incluso un componente hereditario. Según la tercera edición del “The International Classification of Headache Disorders” (ICHD-3) se puede clasificar en migraña con aura y migraña sin aura la cuál es la presentación más frecuente en un 75% entre los pacientes. En cuanto a la fisiopatología se postula dos diferentes teorías, la vascular y la neurovascular; se propone también la participación de moléculas como el péptido relacionado con el gen de la calcitonina (CGRP) y, en menor grado, el péptido activador de la adenilato-ciclasa pituitaria (PACAP). El tratamiento debe basarse en medidas generales que modifica hábitos de vida del paciente y la elección de los fármacos depende de la frecuencia de las crisis, preferencia del paciente, presencia de otros síntomas como náuseas y vómitos; no se debe olvidar los grupos especiales como la migraña en el embarazo la cual se debe tratar con mayor precaución; cabe destacar que en algunos casos de migraña se ha propuesto técnicas no farmacológicas como la acupuntura.


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-490
Author(s):  
Carlos Roberto Da Silva Filho ◽  
Nayara Marques Santos ◽  
Jânio Carlos Fernandes Guedes ◽  
Diógenes Félix Da Silva Costa

Serviços Ecossistêmicos são bens produzidos pelos ecossistemas que são utilizados pela sociedade na manutenção da sua qualidade de vida. Diante do cenário atual sobre os impactos que os ecossistemas sofrem, essa temática ganhou relevância, pois podem vir a elucidar as populações sobre a importância do bem estar natural. A exemplo da Caatinga, terceiro bioma mais degradado em território brasileiro. Diante desse fato, o referente trabalho objetivou identificar os serviços ecossistêmicos de provisão prestados pelas áreas de Caatinga microrregião do Seridó Ocidental/RN, seguindo a classificação Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services CICES. Como resultados, identificou-se inúmeros serviços de provisão distribuídos nas classes inspecionadas. Houveram exemplos nos grupos de biomassa, energia e água, aparecendo em maior destaque nas duas primeiras, a provisão de remédios caseiros e materiais derivados das plantas da Caatinga. Também foram identificados serviços prestados pela fauna, na classe de animais selvagens e suas saídas, por meio de uso da caça. Por fim, conclui-se que a identificação dos serviços ecossistêmicos mostrou-se importante, pois nos fornecem informações que podem garantir subsídios para a elaboração de ferramentas que induzam a conservação da biodiversidade. No entanto, se faz necessário mais pesquisas voltadas a este tema. Como resultado, identificamos numerosos servicios de aprovisionamiento distribuidos en las clases inspeccionadas. Hubo ejemplos en los grupos de biomasa, energía y agua, que aparecieron de manera más destacada en los dos primeros, la provisión de remedios caseros y materiales derivados de las plantas de Caatinga. También identificamos servicios de vida silvestre en la clase de vida silvestre y sus salidas a través de la caza. Finalmente, se concluye que la identificación de los servicios del ecosistema demostró ser importante porque nos proporcionan información que puede garantizar subsidios para la elaboración de herramientas que induzcan la conservación de la biodiversidad. Sin embargo, se necesita más investigación sobre este tema.Palavras-chave: Serviços Ecossistêmicos; Caatinga; Seridó Ocidental. ABSTRACTEcosystem services are goods produced by ecosystems that are used by society to maintain their quality of life. Given the current scenario on the impacts that ecosystems suffer, this issue has gained relevance, as they may elucidate the population on the importance of natural well-being. Like the Caatinga, the third most degraded biome in Brazilian territory. In view of this fact, the objective of this work was to identify the ecosystem services provided by the Caatinga micro-region of western Seridó / RN, following the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services CICES. As a result, a number of provision services were identified in the inspected classes. There were examples in the biomass, energy and water groups, appearing more prominently in the first two, the provision of home remedies and materials derived from Caatinga plants. Wildlife services, in the wild class and their exits, were also identified through the use of hunt. Finally, it is concluded that the identification of ecosystem services has proved to be important, since they provide us with information that can guarantee subsidies for the elaboration of tools that induce the conservation of biodiversity. However, more research on this topic is needed.Keywords: Ecosystem Services; Caatinga; Western Seridó. RESUMENLos servicios ecosistémicos son bienes producidos por ecosistemas que la sociedad utiliza para mantener su calidad de vida. Dado el escenario actual sobre los impactos que sufren los ecosistemas, este tema ha ganado relevancia, ya que pueden dilucidar a las poblaciones sobre la importancia del bienestar natural. Como Caatinga, el tercer bioma más degradado en Brasil. Dado este hecho, este trabajo tuvo como objetivo identificar los servicios ecosistémicos proporcionados por la microrregión Caatinga de las áreas occidentales de Seridó/RN, siguiendo la Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services CICES. Como resultado, identificamos numerosos servicios de aprovisionamiento distribuidos en las clases inspeccionadas. Hubo ejemplos en los grupos de biomasa, energía y agua, que aparecieron de manera más destacada en los dos primeros, la provisión de remedios caseros y materiales derivados de las plantas de Caatinga. También identificamos servicios de vida silvestre en la clase de vida silvestre y sus salidas a través de la caza. Finalmente, se concluye que la identificación de los servicios del ecosistema demostró ser importante porque nos proporcionan información que puede garantizar subsidios para la elaboración de herramientas que induzcan la conservación de la biodiversidad. Sin embargo, se necesita más investigación sobre este tema.Palabras clave: Servicios ecosistémicos; Caatinga; Seridó Occidental.


Cancer ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 103 (7) ◽  
pp. 1457-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Steliarova-Foucher ◽  
Charles Stiller ◽  
Brigitte Lacour ◽  
Peter Kaatsch

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 914-938
Author(s):  
Anna Cronin ◽  
Sharynne McLeod ◽  
Sarah Verdon

Purpose Children with a cleft palate (± cleft lip; CP±L) can have difficulties communicating and participating in daily life, yet speech-language pathologists typically focus on speech production during routine assessments. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: Children and Youth Version (ICF-CY; World Health Organization, 2007 ) provides a framework for holistic assessment. This tutorial describes holistic assessment of children with CP±L illustrated by data collected from a nonclinical sample of seven 2- to 3-year-old children, 13 parents, and 12 significant others (e.g., educators and grandparents). Method Data were collected during visits to participants' homes and early childhood education and care centers. Assessment tools applicable to domains of the ICF-CY were used to collect and analyze data. Child participants' Body Functions including speech, language, and cognitive development were assessed using screening and standardized assessments. Participants' Body Structures were assessed via oral motor examination, case history questionnaires, and observation. Participants' Activities and Participation as well as Environmental and Personal Factors were examined through case history questionnaires, interviews with significant others, parent report measures, and observations. Results Valuable insights can be gained from undertaking holistic speech-language pathology assessments with children with CP±L. Using multiple tools allowed for triangulation of data and privileging different viewpoints, to better understand the children and their contexts. Several children demonstrated speech error patterns outside of what are considered cleft speech characteristics, which underscores the importance of a broader assessment. Conclusion Speech-language pathologists can consider incorporating evaluation of all components and contextual factors of the ICF-CY when assessing and working with young children with CP±L to inform intervention and management practices.


Author(s):  
Timo D. Vloet ◽  
Marcel Romanos

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Nach 12 Jahren Entwicklung wird die 11. Version der International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) von der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) im Januar 2022 in Kraft treten. Methodik: Im Rahmen eines selektiven Übersichtsartikels werden die Veränderungen im Hinblick auf die Klassifikation von Angststörungen von der ICD-10 zur ICD-11 zusammenfassend dargestellt. Ergebnis: Die diagnostischen Kriterien der generalisierten Angststörung, Agoraphobie und spezifischen Phobien werden angepasst. Die ICD-11 wird auf Basis einer Lebenszeitachse neu organisiert, sodass die kindesaltersspezifischen Kategorien der ICD-10 aufgelöst werden. Die Trennungsangststörung und der selektive Mutismus werden damit den „regulären“ Angststörungen zugeordnet und können zukünftig auch im Erwachsenenalter diagnostiziert werden. Neu ist ebenso, dass verschiedene Symptomdimensionen der Angst ohne kategoriale Diagnose verschlüsselt werden können. Diskussion: Die Veränderungen im Bereich der Angsterkrankungen umfassen verschiedene Aspekte und sind in der Gesamtschau nicht unerheblich. Positiv zu bewerten ist die Einführung einer Lebenszeitachse und Parallelisierung mit dem Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Schlussfolgerungen: Die entwicklungsbezogene Neuorganisation in der ICD-11 wird auch eine verstärkte längsschnittliche Betrachtung von Angststörungen in der Klinik sowie Forschung zur Folge haben. Damit rückt insbesondere die Präventionsforschung weiter in den Fokus.


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