scholarly journals Mobile apps and artificial intelligence (AI) based tools for analysis, prediction and prevention of tobacco and alcohol relapse: A review of past and current market

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Przewoźniak ◽  
Mateusz Żelazny ◽  
Jan Chodkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Alcohol Relapse ◽  
Prediction And Prevention ◽  
Analysis Prediction

scholarly journals Risk Prediction of Cardiovascular Events by Exploration of Molecular Data with Explainable Artificial Intelligence

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10291
Author(s):  
Annie M. Westerlund ◽  
Johann S. Hawe ◽  
Matthias Heinig ◽  
Heribert Schunkert
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Recurrent Events ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Prediction And Prevention

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) annually take almost 18 million lives worldwide. Most lethal events occur months or years after the initial presentation. Indeed, many patients experience repeated complications or require multiple interventions (recurrent events). Apart from affecting the individual, this leads to high medical costs for society. Personalized treatment strategies aiming at prediction and prevention of recurrent events rely on early diagnosis and precise prognosis. Complementing the traditional environmental and clinical risk factors, multi-omics data provide a holistic view of the patient and disease progression, enabling studies to probe novel angles in risk stratification. Specifically, predictive molecular markers allow insights into regulatory networks, pathways, and mechanisms underlying disease. Moreover, artificial intelligence (AI) represents a powerful, yet adaptive, framework able to recognize complex patterns in large-scale clinical and molecular data with the potential to improve risk prediction. Here, we review the most recent advances in risk prediction of recurrent cardiovascular events, and discuss the value of molecular data and biomarkers for understanding patient risk in a systems biology context. Finally, we introduce explainable AI which may improve clinical decision systems by making predictions transparent to the medical practitioner.

scholarly journals Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare During COVID-19 Pandemic—A South American Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parag Chatterjee ◽  
Andreína Tesis ◽  
Leandro J. Cymberknop ◽  
Ricardo L. Armentano
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Clinical Decision Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
South American ◽  
Risk Modeling ◽  
Holistic View

The shudders of the COVID-19 pandemic have projected newer challenges in the healthcare domain across the world. In South American scenario, severe issues and difficulties have been noticed in areas like patient consultations, remote monitoring, medical resources, healthcare personnel etc. This work is aimed at providing a holistic view to the digital healthcare during the times of COVID-19 pandemic in South America. It includes different initiatives like mobile apps, web-platforms and intelligent analyses toward early detection and overall healthcare management. In addition to discussing briefly the key issues toward extensive implementation of eHealth paradigms, this work also sheds light on some key aspects of Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things along their potential applications like clinical decision support systems and predictive risk modeling, especially in the direction of combating the emergent challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Psychotherapy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Manríquez Roa ◽  
Nikola Biller-Andorno ◽  
Manuel Trachsel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
Caring Relationships ◽  
Guidelines And Standards

Current developments in artificial intelligence (AI) for mental health have raised important ethical debates around its uses in psychotherapy, including how and under what circumstances AI may be valuable to improve and expand access to psychotherapy. This chapter discusses the use of chatbots and AI tools as supplements to psychotherapy delivered by persons, and as supervised primary treatments. It presents ethical guidelines and standards for AI and mobile apps in mental health, and discusses how these developments are relevant in the ethics of AI in psychotherapy. Current discussions on the role of chatbots and other AI tools for mental health rely mostly on a perspective of justice. The chapter aims to enrich the debate by complementing a perspective of justice with one of care and using both approaches to reflect on the topics of respect of autonomy, access to treatment, non-discrimination, and fulfillment of people’s needs and care. It argues that trustworthy AI tools may help to establish caring relationships between therapist and patient, and contribute to the therapeutic process.

scholarly journals “The Word Real Is No Longer Real”: Deepfakes, Gender, and the Challenges of AI-Altered Video

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis L. Wagner ◽  
Ashley Blewer
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Information Literacy ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
Critical Approaches

Abstract It is near-impossible for casual consumers of images to authenticate digitally-altered images without a keen understanding of how to “read” the digital image. As Photoshop did for photographic alteration, so to have advances in artificial intelligence and computer graphics made seamless video alteration seem real to the untrained eye. The colloquialism used to describe these videos are “deepfakes”: a portmanteau of deep learning AI and faked imagery. The implications for these videos serving as authentic representations matters, especially in rhetorics around “fake news.” Yet, this alteration software, one deployable both through high-end editing software and free mobile apps, remains critically under examined. One troubling example of deepfakes is the superimposing of women’s faces into pornographic videos. The implication here is a reification of women’s bodies as a thing to be visually consumed, here circumventing consent. This use is confounding considering the very bodies used to perfect deepfakes were men. This paper explores how the emergence and distribution of deepfakes continues to enforce gendered disparities within visual information. This paper, however, rejects the inevitability of deepfakes arguing that feminist oriented approaches to artificial intelligence building and a critical approaches to visual information literacy can stifle the distribution of violently sexist deepfakes.

Artificial intelligence and mobile apps for mental healthcare: a social informatics perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-523
Author(s):  
Alyson Gamble
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Social Informatics ◽  
Content Type

PurposeFor decades, artificial intelligence (AI) has been utilized within the field of mental healthcare. This paper aims to examine AI chatbots, specifically as offered through mobile applications for mental healthcare (MHapps), with attention to the social implications of these technologies. For example, AI chatbots in MHapps are programmed with therapeutic techniques to assist people with anxiety and depression, but the promise of this technology is tempered by concerns about the apps' efficacy, privacy, safety and security.Design/methodology/approachUtilizing a social informatics perspective, a literature review covering MHapps, with a focus on AI chatbots was conducted from the period of January–April 2019. A borrowed theory approach pairing information science and social work was applied to analyze the literature.FindingsRising needs for mental healthcare, combined with expanding technological developments, indicate continued growth of MHapps and chatbots. While an AI chatbot may provide a person with a place to access tools and a forum to discuss issues, as well as a way to track moods and increase mental health literacy, AI is not a replacement for a therapist or other mental health clinician. Ultimately, if AI chatbots and other MHapps are to have a positive impact, they must be regulated, and society must avoid techno-fundamentalism in relation to AI for mental health.Originality/valueThis study adds to a small but growing body of information science research into the role of AI in the support of mental health.

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