scholarly journals SERIOUS CONDUCT PROBLEMS AMONG GIRLS AT RISK: TRANSLATING RESEARCH INTO INTERVENTION

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene M. Moretti ◽  
Candice Odgers ◽  
N. Dickon Reppucci ◽  
Nicole L.A. Catherine
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Developmental Pathways ◽  
The Past ◽  
Victims Of Violence ◽  
Shared Risk ◽  
Exposure To Trauma

<span style="font-size: small; font-family: Times New Roman;">Until recently, research on serious conduct problems focused primarily on boys and men. In the past decade, however, we have gained a better understanding of the unique and shared risk and protective factors for girls and boys, and the role of gender in relation to developmental pathways associated with such problems. In this paper we discuss findings from the Gender and Aggression Project on risk and protective factors for girls who are perpetrators but also victims of violence. We discuss our findings from a developmental perspective, with the goal of understanding how exposure to adversity and violence early in life places girls at risk for aggression and violence, among other problems, and how continued exposure to trauma and the disruption of interpersonal and self-regulatory developmental processes cascades into ever deeper and broader problems. This research points more clearly to the need for  accessible, evidence-based, and developmentally sensitive intervention.</span>

Protecting Against Delinquency in Early Adolescence With Nonverbal Intelligence and Neighborhood Social Capital

2021 ◽  
pp. 027243162110203
Author(s):  
Glenn D. Walters
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Conduct Problems ◽  
Nonverbal Intelligence ◽  
Neighborhood Social Capital ◽  
At Risk Children ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Childhood Conduct Problems ◽  
Matrix Reasoning

The goal of this study was to test nonverbal intelligence and neighborhood social capital as protective factors against future delinquency in early adolescent youth placed at risk by virtue of their involvement in childhood conduct problems. Analyzing longitudinal data from 3,028 youth (1,565 boys, 1,463 girls) in one cohort of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) and 3,682 youth (1,896 boys, 1,786 girls) in a second cohort of the LSAC, nonverbal intelligence, as measured by the Matrix Reasoning subscale of the WISC-IV, displayed a consistent moderating effect on the conduct problems–future delinquency relationship. According to these results, conduct problems were slightly but significantly less likely to lead to delinquency when nonverbal intelligence was high than when it was low or moderate. By shielding at-risk children from future delinquency, protective factors like high nonverbal intelligence may provide a means by which delinquency can be prevented or reduced.

Forestalling Preschool Expulsion: A Mixed-Method Exploration of the Potential Protective Role of Teachers’ Perceptions of Parents

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 2189-2220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney A. Zulauf ◽  
Katherine M. Zinsser
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Child Behavior ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Role Of Teachers ◽  
The Relationship

Preschoolers are being expelled at an alarming rate and little is known about protective factors. One factor may be the relationship between parents and teachers. Using surveys and interviews, the present study explores teachers’ perceptions of parents and center support as they relate to teachers’ requests to have a child removed from their classroom, an action related to expulsion. Teachers who have more negative perceptions of parents and perceive less center support working with parents were more likely to have requested a removal of a child in the past year. Qualitative comparisons yield differential themes around attribution of child behavior to parents and styles of engagement with parents between teachers who have requested a removal and those who have not.

Suicide and Older Adults: The Role of Risk and Protective Factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Juliet Sobering ◽  
Abbie J. Brady ◽  
Lisa M. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors

scholarly journals Developmental approaches to substance use and abuse

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANTE CICCHETTI ◽  
SUNIYA S. LUTHAR
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Drug Use Disorders ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

In 1996 the Institute of Medicine (IOM, 1996) issued a report on pathways to addiction. Although focused on the use of illegal drugs, the recommendations of the committee are equally applicable to more socially condoned, but still addictive, substances such as alcohol. The IOM (1996) report articulated the types of research that would be needed to expand the understanding of the etiology of drug use disorders, including the following: (a) multidisciplinary research to investigate the combined effects of biological, psychosocial, and contextual factors as they relate to the development of drug use, abuse, and dependence; (b) studies of sufficient duration to enable follow-up of participants in determining the role of risk and protective factors related to the transition from drug use to abuse to dependence; (c) research investigating the role of family factors in the etiology of drug use and abuse; (d) examination of psychopathology as a precursor to drug use and abuse in adolescents and adults; (e) studies of risk and protective factors related to drug use and abuse, especially during discrete developmental stages; and (f) investigation of childhood risk and protective factors that are associated with drug abuse and dependence. In reflecting on these comprehensive goals, striking similarities emerge with respect to these research foci and the field of developmental psychopathology (Cicchetti & Cohen, 1995; Cicchetti & Toth, 1991). Specifically, the principles that guide inquiries conceptualized within a developmental psychopathology framework can be applied toward the conduct of studies designed to address the agenda generated by the IOM (1996) report on substance abuse.

scholarly journals Risk and protective factors associated with BV chronicity among women in Rakai, Uganda

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 380-386
Author(s):  
Marie E Thoma ◽  
Rebecca M Brotman ◽  
Ronald H Gray ◽  
Nelson K Sewankambo ◽  
Maria J Wawer
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Nugent Score ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Adjustment Factors ◽  
Microbial Agents

ObjectivesTo assess risk and protective factors associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV) chronicity ascertained by Nugent score criteria.MethodsA longitudinal cohort study included 255 sexually experienced, postmenarcheal women who provided weekly self-collected vaginal swabs for up to 2 years. Vaginal swabs were scored using Nugent criteria and classified as normal (≤3), intermediate (4–6) and Nugent-BV (≥7). Detailed behavioural/health information were assessed every 6 months. A per-woman longitudinal summary measure of BV chronicity was defined as the percentage of each woman’s weekly vaginal assessments scored as Nugent-BV over a 6-month interval. Risk and protective factors associated with BV chronicity were assessed using multiple linear regression with generalised estimating equations.ResultsAverage BV chronicity was 39% across all follow-up periods. After adjustment, factors associated with BV chronicity included baseline Nugent-BV (β=35.3, 95% CI 28.6 to 42.0) compared with normal baseline Nugent scores and use of unprotected water for bathing (ie, rainwater, pond, lake/stream) (β=12.0, 95% CI 3.4 to 20.5) compared with protected water sources (ie, well, tap, borehole). Women had fewer BV occurrences if they were currently pregnant (β=−6.6, 95% CI −12.1 to 1.1), reported consistent condom use (β=−7.7, 95% CI −14.2 to 1.3) or their partner was circumcised (β=−5.8, 95% CI −11.3 to 0.3).ConclusionsFactors associated with higher and lower values of BV chronicity were multifactorial. Notably, higher values of BV chronicity were associated with potentially contaminated bathing water. Future studies should examine the role of waterborne microbial agents in the pathogenesis of BV.

scholarly journals Examination of Shared Risk and Protective Factors for Overweight and Disordered Eating Among Adolescents

2010 ◽  
Vol 164 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jess Haines ◽  
Ken P. Kleinman ◽  
Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman ◽  
Alison E. Field ◽  
S. Bryn Austin
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Shared Risk

Physical Conflict During Pregnancy: A Socioecological, Cross-Cultural Examination of Risk and Protective Factors for New Zealand Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 107780122097135
Author(s):  
Amy L. Bird ◽  
Lisa Underwood ◽  
Sarah Berry ◽  
Cameron C. Grant ◽  
Pauline Gulliver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Family Cohesion ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Relationship Commitment ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Past ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
National Cohort ◽  
Multivariable Analyses

Participants were 5,831 women in their third trimester of pregnancy, part of a large, longitudinal, pre-birth national cohort study. Women reported on their experience of pushing and shoving, throwing or breaking objects within their relationship over the past month. Univariable regression models examined the association of a large number of potential risk and protective factors. Those significant at the univariable level were carried forward into final multivariable analyses, stratified by New Zealand’s four main ethnic groups: European, Māori, Pacific, and Asian peoples. Relationship commitment, reduced family cohesion, and perceived stress were associated with increased risk across ethnic groups.

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